Midterm 2 phylum Flashcards
Echinodermata 5
Ophiuroidea Echinoides Asteroidea Crinoidea Holothuroidea
- “spiny skin”
Arthropods 4
Crustacea Chelicerata Myripoda Hexopods
- Means joint foot
- Over 80% of named animals
- 1.5 million+ species
- Inverts with segmented bodies, jointed limbs, and an exoskeleton made of chitin
Mollusca 7
Aplacophora (Solenogastres and Caudofoveata) Bivalve Cepholopoda Gastropoda Monoplacophora Polyplacophora Scaphopoda
Scaphopoda
- Tusk shells/tooth shells
- Sedentary
- Tubular shell (open at both ends)
- Tentacular foot for burrowing and food capture
- A lot of diffusion in mantle cavity
Polyplacophora
the chitons 8 moveable plats (armadillo) serial repetition * Mantle girdle around outside * Intertidal rocky areas
Monoplacophora
- Round shell, large foot
- Serial repetition of body parts
- Gills, nerves, gonads, nephridia…
one shell
Gastropoda
snails, slugs, periwinkles
Aplacophora
(Solenogastres and Caudofoveata)
- Wormlike and shell-less
- Calcareous scales/spicules
- Marine detrital/microorganism consumers – burrowers!
Bivalve
clams, scollops, muscles
- No head, no radula
- Laterally compressed shells
- Hinged dorsally; gape open ventrally
- Gills: feeding and respiration
- Adductor muscles to swim (scallops)
Cepholopoda
squids, octopus, cuttlefish, nautilus * Means head-foot * Predators * Exclusively marine closed circulatory system direct development
Crustacea
lobsters, shrimp, barnacles
* Carapace: cover of head and thoracic (cephalothorax) segments
* Head + Thorax, Abdomen
Open circulatory system
* Maxillipeds = hold/manipulate food
* Maxillae and mandibles = shred and place food into mouth
* Two pairs of antennae
* Two pairs of maxillae
* Biramous appendagesChelicerata
- Horseshoe crabs, spiders, ticks, scorpions, sea spiders
- Two tagmata: cephalothorax and abdomen
- Appendages: Chelicerae and pedipalps and four pairs of walking legs
- No mandibles and no antenna
Myripoda
Millipedes, centipedes
* One pair of antennae * Mandibles * Head + Trunk
Hexopods
class insets
- 6 legs
- Uniramous appendages
- Three tagmata – head, thorax, abdomen
Crinoidea
sea Lillies (plant no move), sea feathers (move light as feather)
Holothuroidea
Sea cucumbers
- Reduced ossicles
- Ventral” tube feet specialized for locomotion
- Benthic crawlers
- Secondarily bilateral
- Oral tentacles are modified tube feet
Asteroidea
Sea stars
Echinoides
Sand dollars, sea urchins
Ophiuroidea
Brittle stars (fall apart like what opiodes does to families)
- NO pedicellariae
- NO papulae
- Organs in central disc
- Remarkable regeneration
Prosobranchia
subclass, class Gastropoda, phylum Mollusca. Marine, periwinkles
Opisthobranchia
subclass, class Gastropoda, phylum Mollusca Marine, sea slugs
Pulmonata
subclass, class Gastropoda, phylum Mollusca. Land snails and slugs
Rotifera
wheel bearers
- Ciliated crown = corona
- Pumping pharynx = mastax
- the part of the alimentary canal immediately behind the mouth in invertebrates.
- Body forms indicative of life style
- Floating planktonic = globular
- Swimmers/creepers = wormlike
- Sessile = vase-like
- Colonial
Acanthocephala
- Means spine-head
- Synapomorphy = retractable introverted spiny proboscis
- All parasitic in vertebrate intestines
- Intermediate host (crustacean)
- Absorb nutrients through epidermis (no digestive track)
