Midterm Flashcards
(33 cards)
name the 5 percussion variables
- Resonant
- Hyperesonant
- Dull
- Tympanic
- Flat
resonant percussion
normal healthy lung ( filled with air)
sounds are low pitch
hollow sounds
Hyperresonant percussion
sounds are louder and lower pitched on normal children or very thin adults
also heard with a hyper inflated lung - COPD , asthma attacks
if area is one sided on lune - indicates pneumothorax
Dull percussion
heard over dense tissues - heart, lungs
dullness can also be heard in soft tissue when fluid are solid is replace with air (resonance)
(pneumonia)
Flat percussions
heard over solid area such as bone
tympanic percussions
hollow, high , drum like sounds
(Gastric Air Bubble)
heard normally in stomach
heard over chest can indicate pneumothorax
What is PQRST
pallaitve - provoke of pain Qualitative-type of pain Radiating- radiating pain Site of pain Time- when pain occurs
Vitiligo
disease in which pigment cells of skin - melanocytes are destroyed in certain areas
- white patches in any location of body
known to may be an auto-immune disease
Normal vital signs
Pulse - 60-90
Temperature
oral- 98.6
Axially- 97.6
Rectal- 99.6
Blood pressure - 120/80
Systole- 100 to 140
Diastole - 60 to 90Which disorder is associated with of hyper function pituitary gland before puberty
Giantism
Pneumonia
inflammation of alveolar spaces due to infective agent
can be caused by
- bacterial, fungal or viral infections
Angina
Crushing type of pain from coronary heart disease
chest pain due to lack of blood flow to the heart
Jaundice 3 options
- blood problem
- Obstruction problem
- Hepatitis
Issues caused by Pneumonia
- loss of expansion due to lung consolidation
- chest pain suptum production ( depends of pneumonia)
- high fever, tachypnea, shallow breathing
Emphysema
“Mother of Respiratory Problems”
chronic obstructive pulmomary disorder
air takes over and dominates a space in a way that disrupts function
reduces the number of alveoli and permanently hyper inflate the lung
How does on obtain Emphysema
-Smoking ( guaranteed when smoking over 30 yrs)
symptoms begin 40 to 60 yrs
- Exposure to secondhand smoke
- Occupational exposure to fumes or dust
- Exposure to indoor and outdoor pollution ( heating fuel , car exhaust)
these cause a chemical imbalance in lungs - destruction of the alveoli
Signs and symptoms of Emphysema
- barrel chest
- hyperresonance on percussion
- decreased tactile fremitus and decreased breath sounds
- Decreased chest expansion
- Weight loss and malaise
- Polycythemia
- clubbing of fingers
Butterfly rash of faces indicates what type of disorder
without lab findings=Lupus SLE
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
classic lesion is a butterfly rash over bridge of nose
SLE is an auto immune , connective tissue disease that usually affects young women.
-it affects the skin, kidneys, serous membrane, endocardium and sometimes CNS
arterioles, venules and capillaries necrosis
Splinter hemorrhages of the fingernails may indicate what
Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis
Koilonychia (spoon nail) indicates
Iron deficiency anemia or fungus infection
Clubbing of the nails indicate what
Chronic Hypoxia (COPD)
Stippling of the nails
Psoriasis
Hyperthyroidism can lead to what disorders
Graves Thyrotoxic goiter (AKA)
