Midterm

Question 1

What film will give us the most information about the health of a disc?

Answer 1

Lateral

Question 2

If there is no marker on the film list some anatomical clues to help you figure out the right side to the film

Answer 2

Heart
Aorta
Gastric air bubble

Question 3

What is the size of a full spine film?

Answer 3

14 X 36

Question 4

What vertebrae is very reliable and should be used as a starting point to count down?

Answer 4

T1

Question 5

Where should we place numbers on the spine?

Answer 5

T1
Last Thoracic
Lowest Lumbar

Question 6

What will the obturator look like for a PI?

Answer 6

Increases diagonally

Question 7

T or F

The innominate will be shorter on an PI

Answer 7

False

Longer

Question 8

T or F

EX will have a narrower width @ the base

Answer 8

False

Wider

Question 9

What happens to the lordosis with an AS?

Answer 9

Decreases

Question 10

What happens to the lordosis with an EX?

Answer 10

Increases

Question 11

What happens to the innominate with an AS?

Answer 11

Shorter

Question 12

Name the lines drawn on the pelvis

Answer 12

Superior Iliac Crest Line 
Sacral Base Line 
Lateral Sacral Line
Femur Head Line 
Ischial Tube  Line

Question 13

Where do we measure from to determine AS and PI

Answer 13

Femur head line to superior crest lines and from femur head line to ischial tube line

Question 14

What do we measure to get an IN and EX?

Answer 14

Lateral Ilium to the PSIS
Superior to the Acetabulum
Base of the Obturators

Question 15

List the structural causes of Femur Height Deficiency

Answer 15

Asymmetry in Growth
Epiphyseal plate damage
Fractures
Foot or knee problems

Question 16

What is the physiological cause of femur heigh deficiency

Answer 16

Misalignments of the pelvis

Question 17

For every ____ mm of PI or EX Correction the femur head will be raised ____ mm

Answer 17

5 & 2

Question 18

What happens to the femur head upon correction of an AS or IN?

Answer 18

Femur head will lower

Question 19

What does a AS or IN subluxation do to the leg length?

Answer 19

Draws the leg long

Question 20

What is the main reason for a heel lift?

Answer 20

If the patient is unable to retain his/her adjustments in the pelvis and spinal column

Question 21

Most people can adapt to a deficiency of up to ____ mm

Answer 21

6

Question 22

T or F

It is important to use a heel lift on a patient with 4 mm of deficiency

Answer 22

False

6

Question 23

T or F

When a heel lift is indicated it should be for the measured deficiency amount

Answer 23

False

For the full amount of actual deficiency AD

Question 24

T or F

The lumbar convexity goes to the side of the long leg

Answer 24

False

Short leg

Question 25

T or F Raising the lower femur head would decrease the scoliosis

Answer 25

True

Question 26

If you saw a right convex scoliosis that was caused by a short leg, which leg would be short?

Answer 26

Right

Question 27

If you saw a left convex scoliosis and the AD on the left was 7 mm what side would you put the heel life and how many mm?

Answer 27

Left | 7 mm

Question 28

T or F Never prescribe a heel lift for a patient when the lumbar scoliosis is on the opposite side of the low femur head as this would tend to increase the scoliosis

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What are some contraindications with age and heel lifts

Answer 29

Pre-puberty - bones are still growing | After 45 - they don't stretch very well.

Question 30

T or F Drawing lines is only important for the vertebra that you need a listing for

Answer 30

True

Question 31

T or F We compare to the bone above

Answer 31

False

Question 32

Where do you place dots on the vertebra to get your line?

Answer 32

Inferior portion of the pedicles

Question 33

Where do you write your listing?

Answer 33

The side of spinous rotation

Question 34

What if the spinous is not clear what else can you use to determine spinous rotation?

Answer 34

Pedicles Sacrum L4...

Question 35

In the cervical spine was do we use as a guide for drawing our lines?

Answer 35

Inferior vertebral endplate

Question 36

T or F Uncinate processes are a reliable landmark for drawing lines in the cervical spine

Answer 36

False

Question 37

Pedicles on the side of spinous rotation may be referred to as:

Answer 37

``` Oval Elliptical Egg-shaped Smaller Oblong Narrow ```