Midterm Flashcards
(132 cards)
1
Q
The principle that government is formed by the consent of the governed
A
Social contract
2
Q
The marring of God image
A
Human depravity
3
Q
Conformity to a standard
A
Righteousness
4
Q
Church members elect their own leaders
A
Congregationalism
5
Q
The law passed that required parents to provide education for their children
A
Act of 1642
6
Q
The opposite of a dictatorship;
One that is “popularly” elected by the people
A
Popular government
7
Q
When power resides more in regional governments
A
Confederate government
8
Q
A movement that rekindled the spiritual lives of the colonies
A
The Great Awakening
9
Q
A right that can’t be given by government but by God
A
Unalienable Right
10
Q
Protects state powers from the federal government
A
10th Amendment
11
Q
The divisions of a county
A
Townships
12
Q
A group of elites rule a country
A
Oligarchy
13
Q
When people directly affect a government’s policies and actions
A
Direct Democracy
14
Q
Ruled by one person with supreme authority
A
Autocracy
15
Q
The absence of government
A
Anarchy
16
Q
A government with power divided among national, regional, and local levels
A
Federalism
17
Q
When the people directly elect their leader, independent of legislature
A
Presidential System
18
Q
Government by the people
A
Democracy
19
Q
The certain legal procedures enforced to protect the rights of the accused
A
Due process
20
Q
The first ten amendments of the constitution
A
Bill of Rights
21
Q
The largest part of all voters who participate in government elections
A
Popular majority
22
Q
Legally and politically, all citizens are the same
A
Equality
23
Q
The largest group of elected officials
A
Representative majority
24
Q
Largest group of the electorate
A
Majority rule
25
Any system of public rule or authority
Government
26
The first representative assembly in the new world
House of Burgesses
27
One of two catalytic events foisted on American colonists by the British that pushed them towards independence
Stamp Act of 1765
28
An act of protest in which business is withheld or refused
Boycott
29
An assembly of American leaders that issued the Declaration of Independence
Second Continental Congress
30
Along with Christian political thought, this was a major influence on the creators of the Declaration of Independence
Age of Enlightenment
31
Opposed the Constitution's ratification
Anti-Federalists
32
Proposed making the representation in the lower house based on state population
The Great Compromise
33
A body of early American leaders that created the government we have today
Constitutional Convention
34
A body of early American leaders that drafted a proposal to meet and create a new government
Annapolis Convention
35
Supported the Constitution's ratification
Federalists
36
Freedom of expression
1st Amendment
37
No quartering of troops
3rd amendments
38
Rights of the accused are protected
5th Amendment
39
Rights of citizens in civil trials
7th amendment
40
Unspecified rights of the people
9th Amendment
41
Separate ballots for President and Vice President
12th Amendment
42
Citizenship defined
14th amendment
43
Income tax
16th amendment
44
National prohibition
18th Amendment
45
List two long-term benefits of the Great Awakening.
Increased the size and viability of churches, Aroused interest in missions
46
What religious movement in Europe rekindled man's desire for personal liberty?
The Protestant Reformation
47
Why was Dartmouth founded?
To be a Christian school to train Indians, particularly those who would be missionaries to their own people
48
What important governmental principle is embodied in the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?
A written constitution
49
What influential government document did the Pilgrims create?
Mayflower Compact
50
What religious tradition is closely associated with freedom of conscience and helped influence the colonies to break away from England?
Moral dissent
51
What is the ultimate obligation of the government?
Reward righteousness and punish unrighteousness
52
How can we tell that government is part of God's plan for mankind?
The Trinity
53
What three broad categories do scholars use to classify government?
Systems of government, Relationship between government levels, Methods of electing the executive
54
List the three branches of the national government
Legislative, Executive, Judicial
55
Why would a direct democracy not be appropriate for the U.S.?
Large size in population (we're too big)
56
Explain the responsibilities of each branch of a state's government.
Legislative - Makes Laws
Executive - Administers state government and enforces laws
Judicial - Interprets laws and judge criminal cases
57
What three types of government best describe the USA?
Democratic Republic, Federalist, Presidential
58
Give four observations concerning majority rule in America that show why it has been effective.
Majority rule avoided the problem of unanimity, Limited by our pluralistic society, Restricted by the Constitution, Equality under the law and political liberty for the minority
59
What dangers arise when people lack economic opportunity?
Poor people lose hope, then with a small middle class, the contrast between poor and rich becomes glaring and the two classes may eventually clash.
60
What does the Declaration of Independence mean when it says "All men are created equal?"
All citizens have political equality, which is equality of justice and equality of franchise.
61
What characteristic of mankind eventually destroys direct democracy?
Man's sinful nature
62
What conditions made the American colonies ideally suited for democracy?
Economic opportunity, Educated and civic-minded society, Moral responsibility to submit to the rule of law
63
In what three major areas did England influence American colonial government?
Local, Legislative, Limited
64
What major agreement did the Constitutional Convention reach after only five days of meeting?
The Convention would establish a new national government, restructured and redefined, with a supreme legislature, judiciary and executive branch.
65
What were the two most crucial Conventions in the ratification of the Constitution?
Virginia and New York
66
How did Jefferson justify the colonies' break with England in the Declaration?
Jefferson based his argument on the unalienable rights of man established by laws. Since the king had kept violating these rights the colonists were justified by seeking independence.
67
What were the two major arguments presented against the adoption of the Constitution?
Curbed state power and Lacked a Bill of Rights
68
What characteristics of the Constitution permit it to "change with the times"?
Brief general guidelines, Its necessary and proper clause, Its provision to adding amendments
69
What is the name of the Constitution's opening paragraph that explains its nature and purpose?
The Preamble
70
Name the two major phases in the amendment process.
Proposal phase and Ratification phase
71
List four of the seven Articles of the Constitution in correct numerical order.
Legislative branch, Executive branch, Judicial branch, Interstate Relations
72
What are the first Ten Amendments called?
Bill of Rights
73
True/ False
| Human depravity does not demand government.
False
74
True/ False
| Christians should be contributing citizens.
True
75
True/ False
| Rewarding righteousness is not an obligation of government.
False
76
True/ False
| The Pilgrims were mainly seeking political freedom.
False
77
True/ False
| The colonists were outraged by the Quebec Act.
True
78
True/ False
| The legislative branch makes laws.
True
79
True/ False
| The U.S. government is not federalist.
False
80
True/ False
| Dictatorships rely on fear imposed by military force.
True
81
True/ False
| County government is more powerful than state government.
False
82
True/ False
| In a parliamentary system, the majority party chooses the executive.
True
83
True/ False
| The constitution limits government authority via delegated powers.
True
84
True/ False
| The president is the chief executive officer.
True
85
True/ False
| The Supreme Court is the second highest court in the country.
False
86
True/ False
| The 19th Amendment gave women the right to vote.
True
87
True/ False
| A charter gives a city a name and serves as its constitution.
True
88
True/ False
| A pluralistic society is one in which differing opinions and parties exist freely.
True
89
True/ False
| Liberty involves personal and political freedom.
True
90
True/ False
| A representative majority consists of those appointed by the president
False
91
True/ False
| The electoral college indirectly elects the president
True
92
True/ False
| A demagogue is generally an uninspiring leader who is not good at changing the mind of the people
False
93
True/ False
| Hitler would be a good example of a demagogue
True
94
True/ False
| The electoral college directly elects the president for the people
False
95
True/ False
| The Founding Fathers instituted federalism to divide and distribute governmental power.
True
96
True/ False
| In a pluralistic society the strength of the majority is infinite
False
97
True/ False
In the USA, equality means that all citizens are not only equal under the law, but that we're all guaranteed equal outcomes in life.
False
98
True/ False
| The Articles of Confederation were enacted after the Constitution.
False
99
True/ False
| Ratification involves approving something.
True
100
True/ False
| A unicameral legislature has only one branch.
True
101
True/ False
| Shay's Rebellion spread the fear of anarchy throughout state legislatures.
True
102
True/ False
| The Three-Fifths Compromise had nothing to do with slavery.
False
103
True/ False
| During the spring of 1789 the world's first constitutional democracy was instituted in the US.
True
104
True/ False
| The Federalist Papers forcefully defended constitutional provisions of power.
True
105
True/ False
| Patrick Henry was a federalist.
False
106
True/ False
| On September 17, 1787, delegates gathered to sign the official copy of the Constitution.
True
107
True/ False
| The New Jersey Plan advocated for a unicameral Congress.
True
108
True/ False
| The Rights of Bill govern the lives of all Americans.
False
109
True/ False
| The 8th Amendment forbids cruel, unusual, and unjust punishment against Americans.
True
110
True/ False
| The 6th Amendment addresses the rights of the accused in criminal trials.
True
111
True/ False
| The 4th Amendment deals with reserved rights of the states.
False
112
True/ False
| The 2nd Amendment allows for the right to bear arms.
True
113
True/ False
| The 24th Amendment allowed 18 year-olds to vote.
False
114
True/ False
| The poll tax was abolished with the 24th Amendment.
True
115
True/ False
| The 20th Amendment addressed presidential term limits.
False
116
True/ False
| Amending the Constitution involved the 3rd Amendment.
False
117
The _______ ___ ________ required parents to provide for the education of their children.
Act of 1642
118
_________________ is defined as church members electing their leaders.
Congregationalism
119
Mr. T is related to the guy who fell off the _______________.
Mayflower
120
A ______________ is a government ruled directly by God or the clergy.
Theocracy
121
Without any government, we would live in _____________.
Anarchy
122
The _____ _______________ protects the states powers from federal domination.
10th Amendment
123
_______________ is divided into the House of Representatives and the Senate.
Congress
124
Mr. T's grandparents came from ___________, an country with a parliamentary system.
The U.K.
125
A ________________ government retains most power at a regional level.
Confederate
126
When the people elect their peers to operate the government on their behalf, it is called an __________ ______________.
Indirect democracy
127
The following factors nurtured the growth of colonial political power:
- official neglect
- ________________ _______________
- geographic hindrances
Geographic remoteness
128
The 33 year-old _____________ _________________ would do the actual writing of the Constitution.
Thomas Jefferson
129
The ______________ ____ ___________ was a document guaranteeing basic civil liberties to all British subjects.
Petition of Rights
130
In 1760, Britain's huge _______ following the end of the French and Indian War was a source of tension that pushed Americans toward independence.
Debt
131
__________ ______________ is known as the Father of the Constitution.
James Madison
132
How is American government indebted to the Mayflower Compact and the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?
Social contract and Written constitution
