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Government > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

The principle that government is formed by the consent of the governed

A

Social contract

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2
Q

The marring of God image

A

Human depravity

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3
Q

Conformity to a standard

A

Righteousness

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4
Q

Church members elect their own leaders

A

Congregationalism

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5
Q

The law passed that required parents to provide education for their children

A

Act of 1642

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6
Q

The opposite of a dictatorship;

One that is “popularly” elected by the people

A

Popular government

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7
Q

When power resides more in regional governments

A

Confederate government

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8
Q

A movement that rekindled the spiritual lives of the colonies

A

The Great Awakening

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9
Q

A right that can’t be given by government but by God

A

Unalienable Right

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10
Q

Protects state powers from the federal government

A

10th Amendment

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11
Q

The divisions of a county

A

Townships

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12
Q

A group of elites rule a country

A

Oligarchy

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13
Q

When people directly affect a government’s policies and actions

A

Direct Democracy

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14
Q

Ruled by one person with supreme authority

A

Autocracy

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15
Q

The absence of government

A

Anarchy

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16
Q

A government with power divided among national, regional, and local levels

A

Federalism

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17
Q

When the people directly elect their leader, independent of legislature

A

Presidential System

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18
Q

Government by the people

A

Democracy

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19
Q

The certain legal procedures enforced to protect the rights of the accused

A

Due process

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20
Q

The first ten amendments of the constitution

A

Bill of Rights

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21
Q

The largest part of all voters who participate in government elections

A

Popular majority

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22
Q

Legally and politically, all citizens are the same

A

Equality

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23
Q

The largest group of elected officials

A

Representative majority

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24
Q

Largest group of the electorate

A

Majority rule

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25
Q

Any system of public rule or authority

A

Government

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26
Q

The first representative assembly in the new world

A

House of Burgesses

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27
Q

One of two catalytic events foisted on American colonists by the British that pushed them towards independence

A

Stamp Act of 1765

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28
Q

An act of protest in which business is withheld or refused

A

Boycott

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29
Q

An assembly of American leaders that issued the Declaration of Independence

A

Second Continental Congress

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30
Q

Along with Christian political thought, this was a major influence on the creators of the Declaration of Independence

A

Age of Enlightenment

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31
Q

Opposed the Constitution’s ratification

A

Anti-Federalists

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32
Q

Proposed making the representation in the lower house based on state population

A

The Great Compromise

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33
Q

A body of early American leaders that created the government we have today

A

Constitutional Convention

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34
Q

A body of early American leaders that drafted a proposal to meet and create a new government

A

Annapolis Convention

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35
Q

Supported the Constitution’s ratification

A

Federalists

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36
Q

Freedom of expression

A

1st Amendment

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37
Q

No quartering of troops

A

3rd amendments

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38
Q

Rights of the accused are protected

A

5th Amendment

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39
Q

Rights of citizens in civil trials

A

7th amendment

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40
Q

Unspecified rights of the people

A

9th Amendment

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41
Q

Separate ballots for President and Vice President

A

12th Amendment

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42
Q

Citizenship defined

A

14th amendment

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43
Q

Income tax

A

16th amendment

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44
Q

National prohibition

A

18th Amendment

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45
Q

List two long-term benefits of the Great Awakening.

A

Increased the size and viability of churches, Aroused interest in missions

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46
Q

What religious movement in Europe rekindled man’s desire for personal liberty?

A

The Protestant Reformation

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47
Q

Why was Dartmouth founded?

A

To be a Christian school to train Indians, particularly those who would be missionaries to their own people

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48
Q

What important governmental principle is embodied in the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?

A

A written constitution

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49
Q

What influential government document did the Pilgrims create?

A

Mayflower Compact

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50
Q

What religious tradition is closely associated with freedom of conscience and helped influence the colonies to break away from England?

A

Moral dissent

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51
Q

What is the ultimate obligation of the government?

A

Reward righteousness and punish unrighteousness

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52
Q

How can we tell that government is part of God’s plan for mankind?

A

The Trinity

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53
Q

What three broad categories do scholars use to classify government?

A

Systems of government, Relationship between government levels, Methods of electing the executive

54
Q

List the three branches of the national government

A

Legislative, Executive, Judicial

55
Q

Why would a direct democracy not be appropriate for the U.S.?

A

Large size in population (we’re too big)

56
Q

Explain the responsibilities of each branch of a state’s government.

A

Legislative - Makes Laws
Executive - Administers state government and enforces laws
Judicial - Interprets laws and judge criminal cases

57
Q

What three types of government best describe the USA?

A

Democratic Republic, Federalist, Presidential

58
Q

Give four observations concerning majority rule in America that show why it has been effective.

A

Majority rule avoided the problem of unanimity, Limited by our pluralistic society, Restricted by the Constitution, Equality under the law and political liberty for the minority

59
Q

What dangers arise when people lack economic opportunity?

A

Poor people lose hope, then with a small middle class, the contrast between poor and rich becomes glaring and the two classes may eventually clash.

60
Q

What does the Declaration of Independence mean when it says “All men are created equal?”

A

All citizens have political equality, which is equality of justice and equality of franchise.

61
Q

What characteristic of mankind eventually destroys direct democracy?

A

Man’s sinful nature

62
Q

What conditions made the American colonies ideally suited for democracy?

A

Economic opportunity, Educated and civic-minded society, Moral responsibility to submit to the rule of law

63
Q

In what three major areas did England influence American colonial government?

A

Local, Legislative, Limited

64
Q

What major agreement did the Constitutional Convention reach after only five days of meeting?

A

The Convention would establish a new national government, restructured and redefined, with a supreme legislature, judiciary and executive branch.

65
Q

What were the two most crucial Conventions in the ratification of the Constitution?

A

Virginia and New York

66
Q

How did Jefferson justify the colonies’ break with England in the Declaration?

A

Jefferson based his argument on the unalienable rights of man established by laws. Since the king had kept violating these rights the colonists were justified by seeking independence.

67
Q

What were the two major arguments presented against the adoption of the Constitution?

A

Curbed state power and Lacked a Bill of Rights

68
Q

What characteristics of the Constitution permit it to “change with the times”?

A

Brief general guidelines, Its necessary and proper clause, Its provision to adding amendments

69
Q

What is the name of the Constitution’s opening paragraph that explains its nature and purpose?

A

The Preamble

70
Q

Name the two major phases in the amendment process.

A

Proposal phase and Ratification phase

71
Q

List four of the seven Articles of the Constitution in correct numerical order.

A

Legislative branch, Executive branch, Judicial branch, Interstate Relations

72
Q

What are the first Ten Amendments called?

A

Bill of Rights

73
Q

True/ False

Human depravity does not demand government.

A

False

74
Q

True/ False

Christians should be contributing citizens.

A

True

75
Q

True/ False

Rewarding righteousness is not an obligation of government.

A

False

76
Q

True/ False

The Pilgrims were mainly seeking political freedom.

A

False

77
Q

True/ False

The colonists were outraged by the Quebec Act.

A

True

78
Q

True/ False

The legislative branch makes laws.

A

True

79
Q

True/ False

The U.S. government is not federalist.

A

False

80
Q

True/ False

Dictatorships rely on fear imposed by military force.

A

True

81
Q

True/ False

County government is more powerful than state government.

A

False

82
Q

True/ False

In a parliamentary system, the majority party chooses the executive.

A

True

83
Q

True/ False

The constitution limits government authority via delegated powers.

A

True

84
Q

True/ False

The president is the chief executive officer.

A

True

85
Q

True/ False

The Supreme Court is the second highest court in the country.

A

False

86
Q

True/ False

The 19th Amendment gave women the right to vote.

A

True

87
Q

True/ False

A charter gives a city a name and serves as its constitution.

A

True

88
Q

True/ False

A pluralistic society is one in which differing opinions and parties exist freely.

A

True

89
Q

True/ False

Liberty involves personal and political freedom.

A

True

90
Q

True/ False

A representative majority consists of those appointed by the president

A

False

91
Q

True/ False

The electoral college indirectly elects the president

A

True

92
Q

True/ False

A demagogue is generally an uninspiring leader who is not good at changing the mind of the people

A

False

93
Q

True/ False

Hitler would be a good example of a demagogue

A

True

94
Q

True/ False

The electoral college directly elects the president for the people

A

False

95
Q

True/ False

The Founding Fathers instituted federalism to divide and distribute governmental power.

A

True

96
Q

True/ False

In a pluralistic society the strength of the majority is infinite

A

False

97
Q

True/ False
In the USA, equality means that all citizens are not only equal under the law, but that we’re all guaranteed equal outcomes in life.

A

False

98
Q

True/ False

The Articles of Confederation were enacted after the Constitution.

A

False

99
Q

True/ False

Ratification involves approving something.

A

True

100
Q

True/ False

A unicameral legislature has only one branch.

A

True

101
Q

True/ False

Shay’s Rebellion spread the fear of anarchy throughout state legislatures.

A

True

102
Q

True/ False

The Three-Fifths Compromise had nothing to do with slavery.

A

False

103
Q

True/ False

During the spring of 1789 the world’s first constitutional democracy was instituted in the US.

A

True

104
Q

True/ False

The Federalist Papers forcefully defended constitutional provisions of power.

A

True

105
Q

True/ False

Patrick Henry was a federalist.

A

False

106
Q

True/ False

On September 17, 1787, delegates gathered to sign the official copy of the Constitution.

A

True

107
Q

True/ False

The New Jersey Plan advocated for a unicameral Congress.

A

True

108
Q

True/ False

The Rights of Bill govern the lives of all Americans.

A

False

109
Q

True/ False

The 8th Amendment forbids cruel, unusual, and unjust punishment against Americans.

A

True

110
Q

True/ False

The 6th Amendment addresses the rights of the accused in criminal trials.

A

True

111
Q

True/ False

The 4th Amendment deals with reserved rights of the states.

A

False

112
Q

True/ False

The 2nd Amendment allows for the right to bear arms.

A

True

113
Q

True/ False

The 24th Amendment allowed 18 year-olds to vote.

A

False

114
Q

True/ False

The poll tax was abolished with the 24th Amendment.

A

True

115
Q

True/ False

The 20th Amendment addressed presidential term limits.

A

False

116
Q

True/ False

Amending the Constitution involved the 3rd Amendment.

A

False

117
Q

The _______ ___ ________ required parents to provide for the education of their children.

A

Act of 1642

118
Q

_________________ is defined as church members electing their leaders.

A

Congregationalism

119
Q

Mr. T is related to the guy who fell off the _______________.

A

Mayflower

120
Q

A ______________ is a government ruled directly by God or the clergy.

A

Theocracy

121
Q

Without any government, we would live in _____________.

A

Anarchy

122
Q

The _____ _______________ protects the states powers from federal domination.

A

10th Amendment

123
Q

_______________ is divided into the House of Representatives and the Senate.

A

Congress

124
Q

Mr. T’s grandparents came from ___________, an country with a parliamentary system.

A

The U.K.

125
Q

A ________________ government retains most power at a regional level.

A

Confederate

126
Q

When the people elect their peers to operate the government on their behalf, it is called an __________ ______________.

A

Indirect democracy

127
Q

The following factors nurtured the growth of colonial political power:

  • official neglect
  • ________________ _______________
  • geographic hindrances
A

Geographic remoteness

128
Q

The 33 year-old _____________ _________________ would do the actual writing of the Constitution.

A

Thomas Jefferson

129
Q

The ______________ ____ ___________ was a document guaranteeing basic civil liberties to all British subjects.

A

Petition of Rights

130
Q

In 1760, Britain’s huge _______ following the end of the French and Indian War was a source of tension that pushed Americans toward independence.

A

Debt

131
Q

__________ ______________ is known as the Father of the Constitution.

A

James Madison

132
Q

How is American government indebted to the Mayflower Compact and the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?

A

Social contract and Written constitution

Government (18 decks)

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