Midterm Flashcards by brooke posey

An estimated ____ languages are spoken throughout the world.

7000

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Projections for 2050 show that all the following categories will increase their percentage of the total U.S. workforce except for

White, non-hispanics

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The term “melting pot” is most closely associated with

assimilation

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Racial and ethnic minorities now make up approximately ___ of the U.S. population.

one-third

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Chapter One addresses a number of different reactions to our changing cultural landscape. Which of the following reactions is most likely to lead to cultural misunderstandings and conflict?

cultural cruise control

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As a global business, IBM finds that it must adapt to local cultures and practices. This blending of global and local ideas and practices is referred to as

glocalization

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The image of a quilt made up of many different colors reflects which of the following views of diversity

pluralism

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According to Marshall McLuhan, technological advances have transformed our social world into a

global village

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_______ is the author of The World is Flat.

Friedman

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U. S. demographic data indicate that

women will make up almost 50 percent of the labor force by the year 2050

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According to the text, diversity refers to

all of the ways in which people are different

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Approximately ___ of respondents identified themselves as members of more than one race in the 2010 U. S. Census.

3 percent

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Millennials refer to individuals born after

1980

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The cumulative impact of encounters with prejudice, discrimination, ethnocentrism, and other social barriers is referred to as the

pyramiding effect

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Which of the following would be an example of discrimination against women?

denying women a job based on their assumed sexual weakness

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Following the attacks on September 11, 2001, some Muslims living in the United States encountered a number of social barriers. In some cases, people prejudged and misjudged Muslims simply because of their appearance. This is an example of

prejudice

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In his discussion of barriers to success, the author “places” the reader on campus at the University of North Carolina. Specifically, you are asked to evaluate a number of statues found on campus that were created to depict the diversity of the university’s diverse student population. The author cites this example to illustrate which of the following barriers?

limited perceptions

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An employer feels negatively toward employing older people. Nevertheless, he hires older people because of equal opportunity laws. This is an example of

a prejudiced nondiscriminator

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Jordan is a student who has just begun taking courses at a nearby college. Because of Jordan’s limited interaction with people from diverse cultural backgrounds, he hesitates to venture too far out of his comfort zone. Specifically, he shies away from social gatherings and jobs where he anticipates meeting people that do not look or talk like him. Consequently, he has missed out on a number of opportunities to make new friends and expand his social network. Jordan’s experiences illustrate which of the following?

personal barriers

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According to Steve Jobs, leaders who act with a “beginner’s mind” are apt to be

more creative

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When we perceive what we want to perceive, this is called

selective perception

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According to findings from The Pew Global Attitude Project, people in many of the countries surveyed agreed that “their culture is superior to others.” This attitude illustrates which of the following barriers?

ethnocentrism

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In a well-known experiment conducted in the 1960’s, a third-grade teacher in Iowa sought to teach her students about the dynamics of prejudice. The teacher’s name is

Jane Elliott

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Hate crimes reflect the conflict and imbalance of power that has existed among races throughout the history of the U.S. According to this point of view, hate crimes are a reflection of

institutional racism

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Which of the following statements best illustrates ethnocentrism?

“If you don’t do it my way, it’s not the right way.”

The ability to influence others and bring about change is the definition of

power

In 1968, Jane Elliott conducted a radical experiment in her third-grade classroom in Iowa. The experiment was designed to teach her students about prejudice. As part of her experiment, Elliott treated her students differently based on their

eye color

Paul is open-minded about the subject of homosexuality. However, his friends at school openly ridicule and tease those students who are openly gay. To be accepted by his friends, Paul usually joins in and treats gays in a similar fashion. In this example, Paul is

an unprejudiced discriminator

Often, Rivka is hesitant to ask questions in her advanced math class. Since it seems as if everyone expects her to perform poorly in math because of her gender, she rarely says anything. By not asking questions, she avoids the risk of being perceived as a low achiever when it comes to math. This is an example of

stereotype vulnerability

An unverified and oversimplified generalization about an entire group of people is called

a stereotype

Which of the following is not an example of institutional discrimination?

A father wants his daughter to stay away from a child of a different religion

While prejudice is a matter of ______, discrimination is a matter of______.

attitude, action

Unequal treatment of people on the basis of their group membership is the definition of

discrimination

By communicating electronically, individuals in an online course can interact with each other at any time. They do not need classmates nor the teacher to be online at the same time to exchange information. This type of communication is called _______.

asynchronous

Certain terms such as “retard,” “redneck,” and “colored” trigger negative reactions from people who view them as insulting and derogatory. These terms, which often reflect unintentional biases, are referred to as

microaggressions

Linguicism refers to

discrimination based on language

According to the text, the status and power of the speaker and the receiver influence the communication that takes place between them. This statement relates most closely to which of the following areas?

gauging the level of the playing field

Which of the following is one of the “ground rules for difficult dialogues?”

realize that we are all teachers and learners

The study of body movements as a means of communication is known as

kinesics

The author discusses numerous strategies for communicating inclusively. Which of the following is not one of these strategies?

Use as few styles of communication as possible

Practicing our communication styles and skills is an example of what the author terms as

following through

“To improve our communication skills, we need to be open to feedback. Otherwise, we will not know when we are relating well and when we are not.” This statement relates most closely to which of the following areas?

checking up on ourselves

Deborah Tannen’s research focuses on the different communication styles of

males and females

When communicating at work, Stephen is particularly adept at understanding coworkers’ and clients’ points of view. This allows Stephen to be more sensitive to others without judging or comparing. This ability, which allows Stephen to be more diversity conscious when it comes to communication, is mostly closely related to which of the following areas?

stepping outside of ourselves

__________ is the process in which messages created in one culture must be processed and interpreted in another culture.

intercultural communication

The author of our text maintains an online journal in which he shares his thoughts about diversity consciousness; thoughts to which people can respond. This online tool is referred to as a

blog

The Internet penetration rate is highest in

North America

Corporate executives at a number of nonprofit organizations are taking it upon themselves to pool their knowledge and resources in order to formulate a list of “best practices” for fundraising. In this example, these diverse ties operate as a(n)

community of practice

Maria is a member of the Baby Boomer generation. Unlike the children of today, she was not born into the digital world but learned the language as well as the new technology later in life. Thus, we can refer to Maria as a

digital immigrant

According to the text, which of the following social networking sites has the largest number of active users throughout the world?

Facebook

In cyberspace, people sometimes pretend to be members of another group. This is known as

passing

Guanxi refers to

a mutually beneficial relationship between people

The bicycling “info ladies” discussed in the text illustrates which of the following key diversity issues in online social networking?

global digital divide

Aaron, who is a middle-aged elementary school teacher, limits his network to people who live close to him and generally share his values, age, interests, and upbringing. Aaron’s inclination to associate and bond with people who share similar backgrounds is an example of

homophily

Graduates of an MBA program share a number of connections in a network. Thus, we can refer to these individuals as

nodes

According to the text, benefits of diverse social networks include

(all of the above) cross cultural collaboration, resource sharing, the wisdom of crowds.

According to Pew research data, the best predictor of a diverse social network is

education

In addition to being best of friends, Subash and David work together as financial consultants for a small firm. The relationships among these two individuals constitute

a multiplex tie

In her community, Lisa seeks out and develops ties with people who do not share many of her religious, educational, and political values. This is an example of

bridging

Diverse ties allow us to

(all of the above) maximize our social capital, create opportunities for individuals, access a wide range of resources

Default whiteness refers to the tendency to view White people’s behavior and values as

the norm for all people

Typically close and frequently maintained relationships are known as

strong ties

As coined by Lisa Nakamura, the term for adopting someone else’s identity online is

identity tourism

Michael, Maria, Carlos, William, and Tammie are members of a surgical team at a local hospital. As such, they engage in a coordinated effort in order to work toward the goal of providing quality care to their patients. Their ability to do this is defined as

teamwork

When we check up on ourselves as a member of a team, we need to be aware of our own values as well as the values of other team members. In other words, we need to show

mindfullness

The concept of synergy refers to the benefits of

teamwork

The coordinated effort by a group of persons working toward a common goal is the definition of

teamwork

According to Deborah Tannen, author of The Argument Culture, Americans traditionally emphasize

winning an argument rather than understanding another’s points of view

Members of a virtual team cannot decide on a fair way to determine how they get paid for their work on a particular project, since team members live in a number of countries with different standards of living. Thus, they hire a neutral third person to help them reach a non-binding decision on their pay. This is an example of

mediation

Rather than taking sides when it comes to conflict, Tiana and Dennis try to settle their differences through mutual concessions. In effect, each of them tries to give a little. Their approach to conflict management is

compromise

According to the text, a team refers to

a number of people who are involved in a cooperative effort

According to Tuckman, it takes time for team members to develop a sense of trust, cohesiveness, and understanding of the norms that guide their behavior. Tuchman refers to this stage of team development as

norming

Fiona encounters conflict on her job almost daily. Consequently, she finds it helpful to “pick her battles” and avoid conflict whenever possible. Which of the following describes Fiona’s approach to conflict management?

circumvent

The jigsaw method, as used by Aronson, started out as a(n)

educational plan aimed at reducing interracial tensions among public school students

In one exercise used in diversity training, a label is placed on each person in a small group. In the course of performing a task, these people are instructed to treat other individuals according to their labels. Labels might include expert, militant, smart, dumb, and secretary. The primary aim of this exercise is to illustrate which of the following obstacles to teamwork?

stereotyping

Which of the following is not | one of the six approaches to conflict management discussed in the text?

collate

Which of the following is not | one of the “ten principles of conflict management?”

criticize people rather than ideas

_______ is the process by which a person adjusts to another cultural environment without sacrificing his or her cultural identity.

transculturation

According to Howard Gardner, there exist at least ____ intelligences.

Which of the following individuals theorizes that each of us possesses at least eight intelligences?

Howard Gardner

In the aftermath of the biggest oil spill in U.S. history, British Petroleum’s CEO, Tony Hayward, made comments to those most affected. The comments illustrate the

cost of diversity unconsciousness

Communication and teamwork are competencies that allow people to interact in a way that values differences. Thus, they are examples of

diversity skills

According to Andrew Sobel, the well-known singing group “The Beatles” provide us with insight into the relationship between diversity and

teamwork

According to the text, which of the following is not a diversity skill?

groupthink

Sociocultural theory focuses on the

social context of one's thoughts and actions

Rodney, who is working on a group project with a number of other coworkers in his department, has begun to feel that the rest of the group is not interested in his creative and sometimes outlandish ideas. Therefore, he finds it easier to keep quiet and go along with the group even if he disagrees. This is an example of

groupthink

According to Daniel Goleman’s research involving more than 150 business firms, _______________ distinguishes average performers from “superstars.”

emotional intelligence

In Chapter Two, the companies Lockheed Martin, Morgan Stanley, and Coca Cola are discussed to illustrate

the costliness of lawsuits stemming from inadequate diversity consciousness

Field-dependent students

like to work with others to achieve a common goal

In an experimental study by Robert Schulman of Georgetown Medical Center, doctors proscribed treatment for different actors posing as patients. Findings from the study revealed that the doctors in the study were less likely to recommend appropriate treatment for

black and female patients

Cultural competence refers to

a set of attitudes and skills

Generation Flux refers to those individuals who

embrace change and uncertainty

Kevin, a frequent user of Facebook, is preoccupied with how he appears to his “friends.” He spends a great deal of time managing his image, and trying to look as wealthy and attractive as possible. Kevin’s behavior is a form of

impression management

Degrees of separation is a measure of social

distance

The jigsaw method, as used by Aronson, started out as a(n)

educational plan aimed at reducing interracial tensions among public school students

circumvent

In his leadership role as head of a large, high-end grocery store, Ellis delegates authority to self-managed teams whenever possible. Whenever possible, he encourages members of these teams to make their own decisions with regard to such matters as marketing, hiring, and working with suppliers. Which of the following leadership styles describes Ellis?

laissez-faire

The Orpheus Process supports which of the following statements?

Leadership is a shared process in which everyone can participate.

According to the text, all diversity-conscious leaders are

none of the above

When leaders engage in mirror-imaging, they

judge others on the basis of their own expectations

Which of the following is not one of the skills of a diversity-conscious leader?

mirror-imaging

Hofstede’s research showed the U.S. to be a

small power distance country

Data from Hofstede’s research on workers in 40 countries point to the impact of cultural differences on attitudes and values. Specifically, his data shows that these cultures differed along which of the following dimensions?

individualism v. collectivism

The four building blocks of diversity-conscious leadership are

understanding, awareness, skills, commitment

Leadership, as defined in Diversity Consciousness, refers to the process by which people

inspire, influence and empower others to achieve a common goal

Recent survey data collected by the Center for Creative Leadership examined how our thinking about leadership is evolving. Specifically, the Center found that people expect leadership in the future to

be more flexible

When leading across differences at work, Roberto views situations from a variety of perspectives, continually checks the assumptions he makes about others, and reflects on what he might do differently in the future. His ability to not just think about these things but actually do them relates most closely to his

skills

Indulgence and restraint are one of six cultural dimensions identified by

Hofstede

A leader from a highly collectivist, large power distance culture may have a difficult time adjusting to life in a highly individualist, small power distance culture. Specifically, she or he could experience feelings of disorientation and stress known as

cultural shock

One of the criticisms of Hofstede’s study is that he

tends to portray populations as culturally homogeneous

Which cultural dimension identified by Hofstede characterizes societies that put less restraint on gratification of basic human drives?

indulgence

Midterm Flashcards

(111 cards)