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STI I > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

mechanical effect of massage

A

caused by physically moving the tissues by compression, tension, shearing, bending, or twisting

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2
Q

reflex effect of massage

A

change mediated by the nervous system

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3
Q

physiological effect of massage

A

change in biochemical processes

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4
Q

psychological effect of massage

A

occurs in mind, emotions or behavior

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5
Q

psychoneuroimmunological effect of massage

A

changes in hormone levels or immune function; relaxation represents complex multi system phenomena

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6
Q

energetic effect of massage

A

effects on patient’s bio-magnetic field

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7
Q

example outcome of mechanical response

A

increased lymphatic return; mobilized bronchial secretions

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8
Q

example outcome of reflex response

A

sedation or arousal; facilitation of skeletal muscle contraction

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9
Q

example outcome of physiological response

A

improved modeling of connective tissue; reduced muscle spasms

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10
Q

example outcome of psychoneuroimmunological response

A

decreased anxiety, decreased cortisol, improved t-cell function

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11
Q

example outcome of energetic response

A

improved bio-magnetic field pattern; improved energy flow

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12
Q

how does massage improve adhesions/scarring? (2)

A

increased tissue mobility & decreased scarring

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13
Q

how does massage improve impaired connective tissue integrity, facial restrictions, and decreased skin mobility (3)

A

(1) separation and lengthening of fascia (2) promotion of connective tissue remodeling (3) increased connective tissue mobility

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14
Q

how does massage improve impaired joint integrity or inflammed/restricted joint capsules (3)

A

(1) reduced inflammation (2) decreased capsular restrictions (3) increased joint mobility & integrity

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15
Q

how does massage improve impaired joint mobility & active ROM (2)

A

increased mobility & AROM

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16
Q

how does massage improve muscle integrity, muscle extensibility, muscle tears, tendinopathies, trigger points (4)

A

(1) increased muscle extensibility (2) decreased inflammation of muscles & tendons (3) decreased trigger point activity (4) increased joint mobility

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17
Q

how does massage improve impaired muscle performance (strength, power, endurance) (2)

A

(1) secondary to enhancement of reduced pain, increased muscle extensibility, reduction of muscle spasms & trigger point activity, etc. (2) balance of agonist/antagonist muscle function

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18
Q

how does massage improve abnormal resting muscle tension & spasms (3)

A

decreased muscle spasms, normalized muscle tension, increased joint mobility

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19
Q

how does massage improve postural malalignment (2)

A

normalized postural alignment and increased postural awareness

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20
Q

how does massage improve impaired sensation (1)

A

reduction of nerve root compression as a result of facial restrictions & trigger points

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21
Q

how does massage improve stress (3)

A

sedation, increased perceived relaxation, decreased cortisol & catecholamines

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22
Q

how does massage improve pain (3)

A

(1) pain reduction through primary treatment of dysfunction (2) counter irritant analgesia (3)

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23
Q

how does massage improve an impaired airway (3)

A

(1) increased respiration (2) increased clearance / mobilization of secretions (3) decreased dyspnea

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24
Q

how does massage improve dyspnea (2)

A

(1) increased airway clearance (2) increased perceived relaxation

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25
Q

how does massage improve swelling (6)

A

(1) increased lymphatic return (2) increased venous return (3) decreased joint effusion (4) decreased edema (5) increased joint integrity (6) increased joint mobility

26
Q

how does massage improve abnormal neuromuscular tone (3)

A

(1) normalized neuromuscular tone (2) alteration of proprioceptive stimulation (3) balance of agonist/antagonist function

27
Q

what does a client need from a theraputic relationship? (6)

A

(1) safety (2) predictability (3) patience (4) explicit interpersonal process (5) health boundaries (6) responsible closure

28
Q

open questions

A

stimulate further discussion; no wrong answer

29
Q

prompting

A

demonstrates interest and encourages speaker to continue

30
Q

clarification

A

restate what is heard and ask if information is correct or another interpretation

31
Q

closed questions

A

black and white answers; used to get to the truth of the circumstance

32
Q

purpose of using ‘I’ ‘we’ and ‘you’

A

I’ is used to describe feeling or perceptions; ‘You’ is used to describe specific behaviors; ‘We’ encourages inclusion & helps summarize agreement

33
Q

compare medical massage/wellness massage: timing of intervention

A

medical: after clinical condition occurs
wellness: anytime

34
Q

compare medical massage/wellness massage: focus of intervention

A

medical: signs and symptoms of condition; impairments grade 1-4
wellness: impairments grade 0

35
Q

compare medical massage/wellness massage: client examination

A

medical: examine body function & structure; identify impairments based on condition
wellness: examine body function & structure relevant to individual goals for wellness

36
Q

compare medical massage/wellness massage: goal of intervention

A

medical: identify and manage impairments of condition
wellness: optimize well being across physical, mental, spiritual, social domains

37
Q

compare medical massage/wellness massage: clinical reasoning process

A

no difference: complete clinical reasoning process

38
Q

compare medical massage/wellness massage: outcomes

A

medical: outcomes related to impairments in body structure and functions
wellness: outcomes related to body structures and functions

39
Q

hyperarousal

A

abnormally heightened state of arousal

40
Q

dissociation

A

impaired perception of reality often accompanied by a numbing of emotions or a disconnecting from the present

41
Q

therapists use percussion to improve (5)

A

(1) airway clearance (2) proprioceptive stimulation (3) increased arousal (4) pain relief (5) facilitate/inhibit neuromuscluar tone

42
Q

components of percussion: contact

A

fingers, fingertips, ulnar border of hands, palms, heels, dorsal surface of IP joint

43
Q

components of percussion: pressure

A

light to heavy

44
Q

components of percussion: direction

A

perpendicular to client’s body (except for pounding)

45
Q

components of percussion: rate

A

2 to 10+ cycles per second using both hands

46
Q

components of percussion: duration

A

30 seconds to 20 minutes (multiple areas)

47
Q

components of percussion: integrates with

A

various forms of percussion integrate with each other; not with other massage techniques

48
Q

components of percussion: context

A

(1) stimulating effect: end of full body massage
(2) facilitate performance: immediately prior to exercise
(3) alternated with vibration

49
Q

pincement

A

Use the tips of your thumb, index, and middle fingers to pinch and lift the client’s tissue

50
Q

tapping

A

Keep writs and forearms still and gently strike tissues with the individual fingertips using the same motion as keyboarding

51
Q

hacking

A

Think karate chop

52
Q

slapping

A

with hands and fingers held loosely, make contact with entire open palmar surface

53
Q

clapping

A

Position your hand and form a cupping shape with palm

54
Q

beating

A

position hand in a loose fist and use heal of your hand to percuss large muscles and even the sacrum

55
Q

pounding

A

position hand in loose fist and use surface of the fifth finger as the contact surface

56
Q

hand position for all form of percussion

A

hands and wrists relaxed

57
Q

contact for all forms of percussion

A

quick strokes

58
Q

light force over what structures

A

face, unprotected bones

59
Q

moderate force over what structures

A

thinner muscles

60
Q

heavier force over what structures

A

large muscles

61
Q

how should force be adjusted?

A

size, age, and health of patient

62
Q

percussion techniques should be applied how?

A

circular motion; not in one place

STI I (3 decks)

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