Midterm

Question 1

When was the French Revolution

What happened

Answer 1

1789

Everyone emancipated except Jews

Question 2

When was emancipation

What was

Answer 2

1791

Jews given equal rights and freedom

Question 3

When did Zionism begin

Answer 3

Abraham lech lecha
Leshanah ha ba beyerushalaim
Moses led Jews to Israel

Question 4

5 cities for old yishuv

Answer 4

Tiberius
Jerusalem
Beer Sheva
Safed
Chevron

Question 5

Why did modern Zionism come about in the 1800s

Answer 5

Jews believed they had been fully equal because of emancipation but they still weren’t

Question 6

What was the Dreyfus affair

Answer 6

French Jewish officer accused of being a spy for German army. Herzl came to report and saw that antisemtism was alive and well.

Question 7

Modern Zionism examples

Answer 7

WZO
Chibbat Zion
Basel program

Question 8

1881

Answer 8

Czar assasinated by revolutionaries and Jews were blamed and pogroms began in the pale of settlements

Question 9

3 types of antisemitism

Answer 9

Religious (Jews are Christ killers)
Racial
Anti Israel

Question 10

1882

Answer 10

May laws : Jews were kicked out of jobs and into larger cities in hopes of assimilating them

Question 11

Kishinev pogrom

Answer 11

1903

Question 12

Pale of settlements pogrom

Answer 12

1881-1884

Question 13

What was the Cantonist system

Answer 13

Jews age BLANK were conscripted into czar’s army for 25 years in hopes 1/3 would die and 1/3 would convert. Rich ppl could pay it off

Question 14

Who was Leo pinsker

Answer 14

Lived in Russia
Assimilated
Medical dr
Expected to be emancipated soon but no sorry 1881 pogroms
Became Zionist
Created Zionist organization (hibbat zion)

Question 15

Socialism quote

Answer 15

Work according to your ability and receive according to your need

Question 16

Turkey and Herzl?

Answer 16

Went to Ottoman Empire (controlled palestine) to purchase a charter for Palestine but it fell through

Question 17

1897

Answer 17

First Zionist congress

Basle Switzerland where they created WZO

Question 18

What is political Zionism

Answer 18

Problem: dangers of antisemitism
Solution: Jews need their own territory

Question 19

4 points of basle program

Answer 19

1. Promote settlement of Jews in Palestine
2. Unity of world Jewry
3. Belief that Jews are a a nation
4. Get political consent to make Palestine a Jewish country

Question 20

What was judeophobia

Answer 20

Fear of Jews = fear of ghosts
Jews are both alive and dead because we’re a living nation with no land
Cure= Jews need their own country

Question 21

1903

Answer 21

Uganda plan:
Britain offered Uganda to the Jews as their country
Herzl wanted to accept as a ‘temporary night shelter’
Specifically Russian Jews voted against it

Question 22

Old yishuv

Answer 22

Old settlement (came with Moses and never left)
Religious
Yiddish
Studied torah
Chalukah: money raised by Jews to donate to old yishuv
Lived in Israel because Israel is the holy land

Question 23

New yishuv

Answer 23

Ca,e with first and second Aliyah
Farmers
Hebrew
Came to build a country

Question 24

Spiritual/cultural Zionism

Answer 24

Asher Ginsburg (achad haam)
Problem: lack of Jewish unity and pride, too much assimilation
Solution: we need Israel and Jerusalem as a Jewish state

Question 25

First Aliyah

Answer 25

1882-1903 Russian Jews Middle class Biluim and chovevei Zion

Question 26

Second Aliyah

Answer 26

1904-1914 Born into traditional, religious, Jewish, middle class families, spoke Yiddish, Russian Rebelled against their upbringing and became socialists Spoke Hebrew: anti diaspora, anti Yiddish, anti religious

Question 27

Labour Zionism

Answer 27

Kibbutz

Question 28

Challenged facing 2nd Aliyah

Answer 28

``` Hunger Unemployment Malaria Loneliness Old yishuv looked down upon them ```

Question 29

Old yishuv and arabs and new yishuv relationships

Answer 29

Little interaction/conflict Neither wanted to create a state Suddenly new yishuv wanted to create a state, so arabs wanted Palestine also Arabs were mad at ny but they attacked oy as they were defenseless

Question 30

1909

Answer 30

Hashomer to protect NY from arabs

Question 31

Haj Amin al husseini

Answer 31

Mufti of Jerusalem 1920/21 and 1936-39 led riots ans massacre Jews (lied to arabs to get them rialed up) Haj- had been to Mecca

Question 32

1920

Answer 32

Haganah to protect Jews from arabs

Question 33

1948

Answer 33

Haganah become IDF or TZAHAL

Question 34

1917

Answer 34

Balfour declaration: his majesty's government views with Favourite the establishment of a Jewish national home in Israel

Question 35

Why did arabs think NY were threatening them

Answer 35

NY said they're a people without a land going to a land without a people but they thought arabs would be happy cuz they're bring medicine...

Question 36

Eliezer Ben yehuda

Answer 36

Father of modern spoken Hebrew Developed his own ideas (free thinker) Ideology: use Sephardic Hebrew on a day to day basis (not just Torah) Jews should speak Hebrew and love in Israel Religious extremist Jews vandalize his grave but they use swear words I. Hebrew!!!! Success

Question 37

AD Gordon

Answer 37

Born to religious fam Farmer Was in 2nd Aliyah (grandfather of Aliyah) Zionist Congress participant Believed diasporah Jews depended on others to survive (parasite) solution: Kibbush Avoda (conquest of labour) because Agriculture is holy Hapoel hatzair (non socialist Zionist movement created) Gordonia

Question 38

Fav Abraham Kook

Answer 38

Orthodox Rabbi( first Chief Ashkenazi Rabbi in Palestine) fathers of religious Zionism (known as Mizrachi). most rabbis did not accept secular Jews (believed that they were not pure and messiah would not come with the them in Israel.) Most rabbis were not even Zionist (thought Zionism only for secular) Rav Kook believed that even though most Jews on the kibbutzim were secular, they were helping Israel by building their lives there and thought there should be a relationship between secular and religious. He thought the messiah would only come if the secular and Orthodox Jews were as one people.

Question 39

Why did Russian Jews vote against Uganda plan | Surprising

Answer 39

Pogroms so they were in danger but they believed Jewish state must be Israel