Midterm Flashcards
(48 cards)
A central processing unit fabricated on a single chip of semiconductor, containing the basic arithmethic, logic and control element of a computer
Microprocessor
Three basic characteristics differentiate microprocessors
> Bandwidth
Clock speed
Instruction set
The number of bits processed in a single instruction
Bandwidth
Determines how many instructions per second the processor can execute
Clock Speed
The set of instructions that the microprocessor can execute.
Instruction Set
What Is RISC
Reduced Instruction Set Computer
What is CISC
Complex Instruction Set Computer
Temporary storage locations inside the CPU where data must reside while it is being processed or manipulated
Registers
Holds the address location in memory
Memory Address Register
Holds data just read from or written to memory
Memory Data Register
Holds the address of the next instruction to be fetched
Program Counter
Holds the current instruction being executed
Instruction Register
The section of the CPU that performs calculations for arithmetic and logical operations
Arithmetic Logic Unit
The component of the central processing unit responsible for fetching, interpreting, and supervising the execution of the instructions of computer programs
Control Unit
Small memory used by the computer to quickly move data between the RAM and the CPU.
Cache
A small cache integrated in a processor that provides quick access to the most recently used data
Level 1 Cache (2KB - 64KB)
If the instructions are not present in the L1 cache then it looks in the _____
Level 2 Cache (256KB - 512KB)
This is the largest among all the cache, eveb though it is slower, it’s still faster than the RAM
Level 3 cache (1MB - 8MB)
Used in the computer to store the data
Storage device
Refers to the computer’s memory, which connects directly to the processor.
Primary storages
Two types of primary storage devices
> Random Access Memory
> Read Only Memory
RAM chips are sometimes terned as ______
Volatile storage
Two types of RAM
> Dynamic RAM
> Static RAM
Occurs when the system memory controller takes a tiny break and accesses all the rows and data in the memory chip
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