MidTerm Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is autonomic nervous system ?
is a subdivision of the peripheral nervous system that independently regulates critical life body function.
THe ANS does the following ?
Innervates the internal organs, blood vessels, and glands Regulates cardia and smooth muscles regulates secretion from glands Controles vegetative functions Temperature Digestion heart rate Respiration metabolism maintenance of internal organs homeostasis blood pressure
Anterior and Posterior Hypothalamus
Regulates temperature, thirst, feeding, behavior and endocrine functions.
Central components of autonomic nervous system include?
cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, thalamus, limbic system, cerebellum and spinal cord.
Sympathetic nervous system function?
Accelerates heart rate
Increases blood pressure
shift of blood flow from the sink and stomach to skeletal muscle and brain
increase blood sugar level
dilation of the bronchioles and pupils
constriction of the stomach, intestine, and internal sphincter of the urethra.
Autonomic Neuropathy
ANS disorder that affects involuntary body functions such as heart rate, blood pressure and sweating.
Signs and symptoms of Autonomic Neuropathy ?
Orthostatic hypotension Urinary and bowel incontinence Gastrointestinal disorders Inability to regulate temperature Decreased pupillary response.
Autonomic Neuropathy can be related ?
large number of diseases affecting ANS including autoimmune disease, nerve injuries, diabetes and some infections
Horner Syndrom?
Is ANS disorder resulting from transection of the oculomotor sympathetic pathway
Ipsilateral miosis (constriction of the pupil)
Partial ptosis (drooping of the ipsilateral eyelid)
Flushed dry skin on the ipsilateral face
ipsilateral sunken eyeball
Pain is the?
sensory experience that is unpleasant and is associated with possible tissue damage.
Nociception?
Pain receptors.
Name for pain detection
The process of pain has four stages what are they?
Transduction
Transmission
Perception
Modulation
Transduction?
Happens when free nerve endings in the periphery become stimulated.
Located in the skin, muscles, connective tissues, circulatory system and viscera.
Transmission?
Involves transmission of pain signals along afferent pathways in the periphery to the spinal cord and brain.
Large thinly myelinated fibers - transmit signals quickly in response to tissue damage.
C fibers are small unmyelinated and conduct pain signals very slowly.
Delta fibers are causing what kind of pain?
Sharp, stinging, highly localized and short-lasting.
C fibers are causing what kind of pain?
poorly localized, dull, aching and longer lasting.
Preception?
The process whereby the cortex attaches meaning to or interprets pain signals.
Pain tolerance referes to ?
The amount of pain a person is able to tolerate before seeking healthcare interventions. Can vary from person to person.
Pain threshold referes to?
amount of pain stimulation required required before pain is perceived.
Modulation ?
Modification of pain signals by different CNS and PNS centers along the pain pathway.
What are the names of types of pain?
Somatic pain
Visceral pain
Qualities of pain
Pain receptors
Somatic pain
Occurs from the body (skin, skeletal muscle, bones) can be divided into superficial and deep pain.
Superficial pain is where?
Skin and superficial tissues and well localized
Deep somatic pain is where ?
Ligaments, tendons, bones, blood vessels, fasciae and muscles and is poorly localized.