Midterm Aseptic technique Flashcards
Define autoclave.
Define autoclave.
a machine that sterilizes instruments through heat and steam
Microorganisms must be introduced into the surgical site for infection to develop. By what 2 routes are they introduced?
endogenous route
exogenous route
Per the Endogenous route, sources are?
patient and reaches the wound as a result of bacteremia (through the bloodstream)
Per the Exogenous route, sources are?
air, surgical instruments and supplies, the patient’s skin, and the surgical team
Define sterilization.
the elimination or destruction of all living organisms (including viruses) from a material being sterilized
Define disinfection.
the destruction of vegetative forms of bacteria but not the spores
Both sterilization and disinfection are used to prepare ______ and _____ instruments.
medical and surgical
What materials are used for packs?
steam-permeable wrappers - such as double-thickness muslin (crepe paper)
How do you prepare a patient’s skin for surgery?
- often given a general anesthesia before transport into operating room
- skin preparation
- surgical clip using a #40 clipper blade (standard)
- 5 - 15 cm around proposed incision site
- clip potentially infected areas last
How do you clean patient’s skin for surgery?
- use of surgical scrub
- presurgical scrub alternates antiseptic scub with alcohol or sterile saline 3 or more times
- clean middle to outside
- Canine abdominal surgery, flush prepuce
- final sterile surgical scrub after animal is positioned on the operating table
- sterile gloves, sterile gauze sponges
Note: region will be flammable until dry
As a lavage solution for open wounds, chlorhexidine must be diluted ____:____ with sterile water or saline to produce a 0.05% solution
1:40
How you position a patient for surgery is described by the ____ of the body that contacts the table.
region
In orthopedic surgery, the affected leg is often _____ from an overhead support or intravenous (IV) stand during skin preparation and initial surgical draping.
suspended
When surgical team is preparing for surgery what are the steps to preparing for a surgical hand scrub?
- cap and mask should be donned
- remove jewelry
- clean each fingernail using a nail pick
- open gown pack and gloves before scrub
- hand scrub: fingers to forearm
- 10-25 strokes/4 times or 5 min. first scrub, 2-3 min. if needed through out the day
What is an alternative to traditional scrubbing?
waterless hand antiseptics
What must be done before gowning and gloving?
Hands and arms must be thoroughly dried with a sterile towel
Describe the steps for gowning.
- Open the last flap of the cloth that surrounded the folded gown.
- Grab the arm pit seam and while gown is being held, let the folds unfold
- arms are then inserted into sleeves
- gowning is completed with the help of a nonsterile assistant - by tying or fastening gown around the surgeon’s or surgeon’s assistant’s neck or waist
What are two methods used for gloving yourself?
closed gloving and open gloving
There is a higher risk of contamination when using _____ gloving.
open
Assisted gloving requires the help of a _____ assistant.
sterile
How do you maintain sterility in the surgery room?
- nonsterile personnel should only touch nonsterile items, never reach over sterile fields
- sterile personnel should only touch sterile items or areas
- always face the sterile field
- sterile items should be placed on a sterile field
Are the neckline, back, armpit area sterile?
No
Hands should stay above ____ level.
waist
Draping is performed by personnel who have _____ in.
scrubbed
