Midterm Concepts and Terms

Question 1

Criminal Justice Funnel

Answer 1

A conceptual model used to illustrate the process by which individuals enter and progress through the criminal justice system. It represents the gradual reduction in the number of cases or individuals as they move from one stage to the next, akin to a funnel narrowing down.
- Investigation
- Charges Filed
- Guilty
-Plea Jury

Question 2

URC History

Answer 2

As you know, in the beginning, the FBI’s UCR Program received reports from 400 cities in 43 states, 20 million people were covered by the first comprehensive survey. In comparison to today, where there are now approximately 18,000 law enforcement agencies that provide crime information from cities, counties, universities, colleges, tribal and state departments for the program. In 1930 Congress authorized the US attorney general to survey crime in America thus the Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCRP) was implemented by the FBI. As you know, the UCR/NIBRS breaks offenses into two parts. Part 1 is again broken into two parts: Personal/Violent crimes such as murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault and then Property Crimes such as burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson. Part 2 is used to report arrests for less serious offenses.

Question 3

Mapp vs. Ohio (Lecture #6)

Answer 3

– Made the Exclusionary Rule applicable to criminal prosecutions at the state
level
– Reinforced 14th Amendment to States

Question 4

Terry vs. Ohio (Lecture #6)

Answer 4

• Detention
  – Temporary infringement of person’s freedom of movement
• Officer has Reasonable Suspicion that some type of criminal activity…
  – Had occurred
  – Was occurring
  – Was about to occur
• Limited “pat-down search” allowed
  – Officer may “pat down” (frisk) outer clothing for weapons only with
  articulable suspicion
• Constitutional connections?
  – 4th – Search and Seizure
  – 14th – Equal Protections and Due Process
• “Plain-feel” exception