Midterm Exam

Question 1

British East India Co.

Answer 1

British Company that had a monopoly over trade in Asia, had an army, could acquire territory, and issue money

Question 2

Treaty of Nanjing

Answer 2

End of First Opium War, began Treaty Port System

Question 3

Treaty Port System

Answer 3

Granted commercial benefits to European traders in select Chinese cities

Question 4

Self-Strengthening Movement

Answer 4

Strategy of Qing Dynasty to regain prestige through education

Question 5

Sino-Japanese War

Answer 5

War between China and Japan that ended with the Treaty of Shimonoseki

Question 6

Warlord China

Answer 6

China from 1916-1928, Local warlords ran the show

Question 7

Northern Expedition

Answer 7

War by Nationalist Party to eliminate local warlords

Question 8

Nanjing Decade

Answer 8

Nationalist decade of power focused around Nanjing, emphasis on military strength to unify the nation

Question 9

Chinese Civil War

Answer 9

Power struggle between the Nationalist Party and the Communist Party, following WWII

Question 10

Korean War

Answer 10

China backed North Korea, and the CCP used the war to consolidate domestic power

Question 11

Geneva Conference

Answer 11

Zhou Enlai’s first diplomatic meeting with the West

Question 12

Bandung Conference

Answer 12

Anti-colonialism conference with 29 third-world countries in attendance

Question 13

Sino-Soviet Split

Answer 13

Fallout between Mao and Khrushchev , leading to worsened relations between USSR and China

Question 14

Sino-American Rapprochement

Answer 14

Kissinger’s visit to Beijing, Shanghai Communiqué, Mao opening to the West to limit USSR’s power

Question 15

Ping-Pong Diplomacy

Answer 15

Diplomatic relations sparked by relations between Chinese and US table tennis teams

Question 16

Shanghai Communiqué

Answer 16

Peaceful coexistence,
recognition of “One China,” bilateral
trade

Question 17

Tiananmen Square Massacre

Answer 17

Caused by inflation crisis in late 80s, Student protests over the death of Hu Yaobang led to potentially thousands dead

Question 18

Deng’s Southern Tour

Answer 18

1992, Attempt to show Deng as active and influential, showed that Reform and Opening did not end at Tiananmen

Question 19

Tan-Zam Railway

Answer 19

Railway built by China through Tanzania and Zambia to connect copper mines to sea. Socialist Internationalism example.

Question 20

Li Hongzhang

Answer 20

Qing minister who negotiated Treaty of Shimonoseki

Question 21

Sun Yat-Sen

Answer 21

Leader of Nationalist Party during Warlord Era

Question 22

Chiang Kai-Shek

Answer 22

Successor to Sun as head of Nationalists, positioned party against Communists

Question 23

Yuan Shikai

Answer 23

President of Republic of China, before declaring himself emperor

Question 24

Hua Guofeng

Answer 24

Successor to Mao, found himself surrounded by allies of Deng

Question 25

Zhou Enlai

Answer 25

Premier of CCP, skilled diplomat

Question 26

Deng Xiaoping

Answer 26

Leader of CCP after Hua, Reform and Opening Policy

Question 27

Extraterritoriality

Answer 27

Foreigners exempted from the law of the country they are in

Question 28

Concessions

Answer 28

Negotiated outcomes for the losing side of a war

Question 29

Alignment

Answer 29

Attraction or affinity between states associated with cooperative behavior

Question 30

Socialist Internationalism

Answer 30

The belief that national socialist movements and their participants belong to a single global class struggle

Question 31

Foreign Aid

Answer 31

International transfer of capital, goods, and/or services for the benefit of the recipient country

Question 32

Mao Zedong Thought

Answer 32

Focus on ideology, class struggle, mobilization

Question 33

Global Maoism

Answer 33

Mao's belief in a global united front against imperialism and revolutionary war

Question 34

Diplomatic Normalization

Answer 34

Process of establishing or restoring formal diplomatic relations between two countries

Question 35

Rapprochement

Answer 35

An establishment or resumption of harmonious relations, especially between countries

Question 36

Dual Track Reform

Answer 36

Planned economy and free market

Question 37

Deng Xiaoping Theory

Answer 37

Pragmatism over ideology; 4 modernizations -- Agriculture, Industry, Defense, Science & Technology

Question 38

Deng's Foreign Policy

Answer 38

Prioritize economic development and peaceful international environment; keep lower international profile

Question 39

Lovell

Answer 39

Opium Wars

Question 40

Ebrey

Answer 40

China in the early 20th Century

Question 41

Matson

Answer 41

War of Resistance against Japan

Question 42

Garver

Answer 42

Bandung Conference

Question 43

Evans

Answer 43

Global Maoism

Question 44

Galway

Answer 44

Tan-Zam Railway

Question 45

Chen

Answer 45

Sino-American Rapprochement

Question 46

Naughton

Answer 46

Dual Track Strategy

Question 47

Harding

Answer 47

Tiananmen

Question 48

TVEs

Answer 48

Township & Village Enterprises; Non-state owned rural enterprises that increased rural income

Question 49

SEZs

Answer 49

Special Economic Zones; Geographic areas authorized to experiment with freer markets and offer benefits like lower taxes to potential investors