Midterm Prep Flashcards by Terry Herring

Natural lines located along the skin and generated by the tension in the dermal and epidermal layers of the skin

Langer Lines

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What is the integrating center for the negative feedback loop that regulates body temperature?

Hypothalamus

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A long band of tissue which connects the two lobes of the thyroid gland

Isthmus

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Identify A and B
Supply blood to the small intestines

Superior and inferior mesenteric arteries

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A simple column of epithelium compose the outer layer of the villus on the lining of the small intestine

Epithelial Tissue

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Identify A and B
Is the third branch of the aortic arch and leads to the arm

A - Right Subclavian
B - Left Subclavian

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Identify A
These veins connect the sinuses of the dura mater with the veins located on the exterior surface of the skull

Emissary Veins

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Identify A and B
These arteries supply blood to the brain

A - Internal Carotid
B - Vertebral Artery

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Identify A
This structure is a direct branch of the internal carotid

Middle cerebral arteries

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Identify A
This structure allows the lateral ventricles within the cerebral hemisphere communicate with the third ventricle

Foramen of Monro

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Identify A
This structure produces nearly 800 ml of CSF daily

Choroid Plexus

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Identify A
Separates the frontal and temporal lobes of the cerebrum

Fissure of Sylvius

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Identify A
This structure is located in the frontal gyrus of the brain controls speech

Broca’s Area

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Identify A
This structure is an anatomical landmark situated between the external and internal anal sphincters

White line of Hilton

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Identify A
Adipose tissue is located in this skin layers

Subcutaneous Layer

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Collagen is produced by this connective tissue cells

Fibroblasts

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Identify A
This structure trifurcates into the left gastric, splenic and hepatic arteries

Celiac Artery

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Identify A
An elongated quadrant of breast tissue that enters the axilla and is the only breast tissue located under the deep fascia

Tail of Spence

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Identify A
This ligament extend from the dermis to the fascial layer and helps support the breast tissue

Suspensory ligaments of Cooper

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Identify A
This structure separates the breast from the pectoralis muscle, which is a layer of areolar tissue that contains lymphatics and vessels

Retromammary Space

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Identify A
This nerve innervate the latissimus dorsi muscle

Thoracodorsal Nerve

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Identify A
These diaphragm veins drains into the liver

Veins of Sappey

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Identify A
This is an enlargement of the neck of the gallbladder that is caused by a stone or stones

Hartmann’s Pouch

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Identify A
This structure is an imaginary landmark formed by the cystic duct, common hepatic and inferior border of the liver

Triangle of Calot

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Identify A This avascular area is an anatomical landmark located in the mesentery and can be found by identifying the middle colic artery

Space of Riolan

Identify A The artery is a large collateral vessel that connect the superior mesenteric circulation with that of the inferior mesenteric artery, and forms a continuous arcade along the mesenteric border of the colon

Marginal Artery of Drummond

Identify the type of healing

Secondary Intention

Identify Instrument Are used for retrieving stones from the gallbladder and duct

Randall Forceps

The correct range for the pneumatic tourniquet pressure on an average adult for an upper extremity, higher than the systolic BP by one-half of the value

250 mm Hg - 300 mm Hg

The suture is placed through the seromuscular layer and submucosa. Obviously, this suture technique is used as the second layer in bowel anastomosis

Lembert Suturing Technique

Identify A The gallbladder neck and cystic duct contain spiral-shaped mucosal folds called

Valves of Heister

Identify A This ligament located superiorly on the thyroid, composed of connective tissue, connects the thyroid to the tracheal rings

Ligament of Berry

Identify A This binds the small intestines to the posterior abdominal wall

Mesentery

Identify A This muscle alone with the coccygeus forms the pelvic diaphragm

Levator ani

This structure are peritoneal folds located across the ascending colon from the cecum to the right flexure

Jackson's Membrane (Located near the cecum)

Identify A This cartilage is distal to the thyroid cartilage and proximal to the thyroid gland

Cricoid

Identify A This artery supplies blood to the thyroid gland

External Carotid Artery

Identify the GREEN This structure serves as the anatomical division between the femoral and inguinal regions

Poupart's Ligament

Identify A This artery serve as the main blood supply for the pelvis and perineum

Internal Iliac Artery

Identify A This artery is a branch of the abdominal aorta

Ovarian Artery

Identify A This ligament encloses the round ligament and extends from the lateral surface of the uterus to the pelvic wall

Broad Ligament

Identify A This artery divides into the supraorbital and supratrochlear

Ophthalmic Artery

Identify A This nerve supplies the vocal chords and crosses the inferior thyroid arteries

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve

Identify A This nerve has five branches from superior to inferior after it enters the parotid gland

Facial Nerve

Identify A and B

A - Tricuspid B - Bicuspid

Identify A During a carotid endarterectomy it's critical to prevent emboli this artery

Internal Carotid Artery

Water constitutes what average normal percentage of total body weight?

50% - 70%

Excessive secretion of growth hormones in adults causes

Acromegaly

Identify A This artery divides into the anterior and middle cerebral arteries

Internal Carotid

Identify A The fold of dura mater that separates the cerebral hemispheres

Falx Cerebri

Identify A This structure is bounded posteriorly by the central sulcus, which is also known as:

Fissure of Rolando

Identify A These veins drains the right side of the vertebral column

Azygos

Identify A This structure is an important anatomical landmark, especially when performing a laparoscopic hernia repair. Superior to the line, the aponeurosis of the internal oblique muscle contributes to the anterior and posterior rectus sheaths. Inferior to the line, the internal oblique and transversus abdominis aponeuroses are situated anterior to the rectus muscle

Arcuate Line

Identify A This artery branches into the internal mammary, axillary and lateral thoracic, supplying blood to the breast

Axillary Artery

Identify A This structure is a posterior branch of the vagus nerve that must be identified during a truncal vagotomy

Nerve of Grassi

Identify A This cystic node is located in the triangle of Calot.

Calot's Node

Identify A This structure ducts drain bile directly into the gallbladder

Common Hepatic Duct

Identify A This is where the external iliac artery becomes the femoral artery aka - Poupart's ligament

Inguinal Ligament

Important nutrient for wound healing

Vitamin C

Identify the phase of healing, occurs right after injury and can last a few days to a few weeks

Inflammatory phase

In the event that a child needs an emergency procedure and the parents cannot be located, how can permission be obtained

Permission is signed by two consulting physicians

Identify A These are small pancreatic ducts

Duct of Santorini

Identify A The nerve innervates the serratus anterior muscle

Long Thoracic Nerve

Identify A This artery supplies the cecum, ascending colon, hepatic flexure, and proximal portion of the transverse colon

Superior Mesenteric Artery

Normal cardiac output for an adult

Normal cardiac output for an adult is 4-8 L/minute

A chemical process that breaks down larger molecules into smaller molecules to provide energy

Catabolism

Identify A This structure allows the third ventricle to connect to the fourth ventricle aka - cerebral aqueduct

Aqueduct of Sylvius

Cells that secrete pepsinogen which is crucial for digestive processes in the stomach

Chief

A major starch-splitting enzyme secreted by the pancreas that acts in the small intestine

Amylase

Are the two most important ions that affect cardiac muscle contractility

Potassium and calcium

Lymph channels run parallel to what structures

Veins

What is the normal pH of blood

Normal blood values range from 7.3 to 7.45

What is the recommended minimum number of air exchanges in the OR

15 times an hour with three exchanges of fresh air

Name 3 ways the body losses heat

Radiation Evaporation Conduction

Using the X-ray as a guide fracture of this bone is most commonly associated with a fat embolism

Femur

Identify condition - characterized by compression of the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendon

De Quervain's

Identify fracture - caused by falling on the back of the hand with the wrist flexed aka - Reverse Colles' Fracture

Smith's

Identify A - injury to this nerve could cause claw hand

Ulnar Nerve

Using the X-ray, identify the fracture bone aka Boxer's Fracture

5th Metacarpal

Identify A - This structure is the site for most knee injuries

Medical Meniscus

Identify suturing technique Technique provides excellent eversion of wound margins as compared to the regular technique

Vertical Mattress Suture

Identify suturing technique This is a specialized suture that is used to re-create anatomical structures that are naturally inverted. This technique encourages inversion of the wound edges

Lembert Suture

The most common intraabdominal childhood tumor, commonly arises in and around the adrenal glands aka - Wilms' tumor

Nephroblastoma

Using the diagram, what type of surgery would this incision be utilized for?

Left Subcostal Incision - Spleen For a splenectomy, a left rectus paramedian, midline, or subcostal incision is used to enter the peritoneal cavity

Identify A This structure is connective tissue between the patella and the tibial tuberosity in the knee which facilitates quadriceps muscle contraction across the knee joint

Patellar Ligament

Identify A This structure forms an articulation with the following bones: calcaneus, navicular, tibia, and calcaneus

Talus

Identify A This structure provides primary blood supply to the pancreas

Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA)

Identify A this structure is a direct branch of the uterine artery

Internal Iliac Artery

Direct stimulation of the vagus nerve during a carotid endarterectomy will cause: Hint: Low heart rate

Bradycardia

Identify A If this structure is inquired (damage to/compression) the patient may experience a foot drop based on the fact the nerve is superficial to the fibular head

Peroneal

This organ is a mixed exocrine and endocrine organ

Pancreas

Identify incision, which avoids contact with the posterior rectus sheath

Pfannenstied

Identify A This structure arises from the right hepatic artery

Cystic Artery

Midterm Prep Flashcards

(93 cards)