Who documents trends in industrial industries?
Department of labor and statistics
What are intentional injuries?
- Unplanned injuries sustained in fires, falls, poisonings, drawings, and traffic-related incidents.
- Incorrectly referred to as “accidents”
How many injuries are caused worldwide by unintentional injuries?
2/3 of injuries are unintentional
Leading Cause of Death for people 44 and less?
Unintentional injuries
What is predictable when it comes to vast majority of injuries?
Most injuries affect identifiable high-risk groups, and are the consequence of predictable behaviors. Behaviors can be modified to reduce the likelihood of sustaining an injury, or to lessen its severity if one does occur.
10 strategies for reducing damage
- Prevent creation of the hazard in the first place
- Reduce the amount of hazard
- Prevent release of the hazard that already exists
- Modify rate or special distribution of the hazard’s release
- Separate (in space or time) the hazard from what is to be protected
- Separate the hazard from what is to be protected by a material barrier
- Modify relevant basic qualities of the hazard
- Make what is to be protected more resistant to damage
- Counter the damage already done by the environmental hazard
- Stabilize, repair, and rehabilitate the object of the damage
How many times likely are teens to cause an automobile crash?
FOUR FUCKING TIMES!
WHO definition of violence
Intentional injuries
Account for 1/3 of all injuries
Intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation.
What is Herd immunity?
When enough of a population has developed immunity against an infectious agent, whether naturally or artificially acquired.
Groups protected include:
Those too young for vaccines
Those with immune suppression
Those who fail to develop an immune response
What is Immunogenicity?
The quality of an infectious agent to cause the host to mount an immune response, preventing reinfection.
Pandemic influenza
A massive influenza A pandemic swept the globe in 1918 killing 20-40 million people worldwide (nearly 700K in the US)
Antigenic Drift:
- slight protein changes
- the reason vaccines must be formulated each year
How many minutes of moderate intensity exercise are recommended?
At minimum, adults 18+ should engage in moderate levels of physical activity for 30 minutes a day/5 days a week.
Difference between modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors (especially diabetes)
- Modifiable: obesity, physical activity (type II), maintain healthy lifestyle, healthy weight, quit/never start smoking
- Non-modifiable: genetics (Type I)
Risk factors for breast cancer (and things that are NOT risk factors? For it)
- Risk factors: minimize use of oral contraceptives/hormone replacement therapy/alcohol; have children early in life; maintain healthy weight/exercise regularly
- protective factors: breastfeeding
Strongest non-modifiable risk factor of prostate cancer?
Age
Male smokers risk of COPD
13 fold risk of developing lung cancer
Mandatory reporting laws
All 50 states require mandatory reporting
Who does child abuse impact?
Children under the age of 18???
Categories of child abuse
Physical
Sexual
Emotional
Neglect
Definition of Neglect
Abandonment/desertion Medical neglect Environmental neglect Failure to: - supply adequate clothing - ensure safety - provide adequate food/fluid - thrive (inorganic)???
How smokers usually view their risk factors for cancer
No fucking idea, it wasn’t in her slides? So imma google that bitch
Definition of surveillance
- The ongoing and systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data in the process of describing and monitoring a health event
- The information is used for planning, implementing, and evaluating public health interventions
- surveillance response steps:
- Establish characteristics of infected cases
- determine the population at risk for further exposure and investigate them
- Develop a hypothesis for the origin of the outbreak
- contain the outbreak
Most common type of unintentional injury for those 65+?
Falls - more than 1/3 of adults 65+ fall each year in the US
What chiropractors should/should not do when finding out about child abuse?
Should:
- Initiate a report
- Know the behavioral and physical indicators of abuse
- become aware of the contact details of appropriate authorities in the jurisdiction of practice
- community-level strategies (designed to impact families before abuse occurs, includes public education programs, parent education classes, family support programs)
- family-level strategies (identify families under stress who may need community-based services help
Should not: ???
Where colorectal cancer leads in cancer related deaths
2nd leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the US among cancers that affect both men and women
Definition of virulence
A measure of the severity of disease after it is present