Midterm Study Guide Flashcards
(164 cards)
1
Q
Under which function of government does the regulation of utilities, like water and electricity, fall? A. Keeping order B. Guiding the community C. Providing security D. Providing services
A
D. Providing services
2
Q
Government protection of consumer rights is an example of A. Deportation B. Expatriation C. Public policy D. Voting rights
A
C. Public policy
3
Q
According to the principle of \_\_\_\_\_\_, when differences of opinion arise, citizens abide by what most people want. A. Minority rights B. Constitutional monarch C. Majority rule D. Voting rights
A
C. Majority rule
4
Q
Which of the following is based upon U.S. citizens electing members of Congress to represent them? A. Representative democracy B. Direct democracy C. Authoritarianism D. Totalitarianism
A
A. Representative democracy
5
Q
Which of the following is a form of democracy? A. Totalitarianism B. Absolute monarchy C. Dictatorship D. Constitutional monarchy
A
D. Constitutional monarchy
6
Q
Which level of U.S. government holds the highest authority? A. City government B. Parish government C. State government D. National government
A
D. National government
7
Q
The United States is accurately described as a A. Direct democracy B. Dictatorship C. Constitutional monarchy D. Constitutional republic
A
D. Constitutional republic
8
Q
Which of the following was a result of the Magna Carta? A. Increased power of the monarchy B. Led to the settlement of America C. Created the House of Burgesses D. Limited the power of the monarchy
A
D. Limited the power of the monarchy
9
Q
A written document granting land and the authority to set up a colonial government is a A. Charter B. Compact C. Common law D. Social contract
A
A. Charter
10
Q
The Mayflower Compact was a
A. Letter that the colonists sent to King George III pleading for reconciliation
B. Pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that encouraged separation from England
C. Document that limited the power of the monarchy by introducing reforms
D. Document that provided an early foundation for self-government and direct democracy
A
D. Document that provided an early foundation for self-government and direct democracy
11
Q
What did all of the royal, proprietary, and corporate colonies have in common?
A. Governor appointed by the king
B. Governor directly elected by the colonists
C. Legislature appointed by the Parliament
D. Legislature elected by the eligible white male property owners
A
D. Legislature elected by the eligible white male property owners
12
Q
Which of the following individuals was not a member of the Committee of Five? A. Robert Livingston B. Charles Pinckney C. Benjamin Franklin D. Roger Sherman
A
B. Charles Pinckney
13
Q
The phrase "...that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights..." comes from the A. Declaration of Independence B. English Bill of Rights C. Magna Carta D. Mayflower Compact
A
A. Declaration of Independence
14
Q
Which of the following is not true concerning the Massachusetts Constitution of 1780?
A. It established a balanced government based upon the separation of powers and checks and balances
B. It was later used as a model for the United States Constitution
C. It allowed qualified voters to directly elect the governor
D. It established an economic system based upon 17th century mercantilist principles
A
D. It established an economic system based upon 17th century mercantilist principles
15
Q
The British policy that allowed American colonists to rule themselves so long as Britain also benefited was called A. Mercantilism B. Status quo C. Salutary neglect D. Beneficial paternalism
A
C. Salutary neglect
16
Q
What happened to the amount of taxes that the British attempted to collect from the colonies following the French and Indian War?
A. They increased
B. They decreased
C. They remained unchanged
D. No taxes were collected by the British
A
A. They increased
17
Q
The Virginia Declaration of Rights
A. Listed specific fundamental rights guaranteed to the people
B. Stated that the power of the government was derived from the consent of the governed
C. Influenced the thinking and writing of individuals such as Thomas Jefferson and James Madison
D. All of the above
A
D. All of the above
18
Q
This states that individuals create a government, either voluntarily or involuntarily, and agree to live under this government as long as the government protects and preserves their rights. A. Civil rights theory B. Civil liberties theory C. Social contract theory D. Contractual rights theory
A
C. Social contract theory
19
Q
Introduced in England, following the Norman Conquest of 1066 C.E., this is also referred to as judge-made law A. Common law B. Constitutional law C. Statutory law D. Equity law
A
A. Common law
20
Q
This is exhibited by a government that has vested the most influence and authority into the representative body of the people
A
Legislative supremacy
21
Q
This orders an official of the government to deliver a person who is in custody to a court of law for an explanation as to why they are being held
A
Wrist of habeas corpus
22
Q
These typically included the right to a trial by a jury of one’s peers, security in one’s home from unlawful entry, and limits on the government’s power to tax
A
Rights of Englishman
23
Q
The right to vote
A
Suffrage
24
Q
The idea that monarchs derive their authority from God
A
Divine right theory
25
Rights that are bestowed upon an individual by a higher power; they are not given to individuals by the government so they cannot be taken away by the government
Inalienable rights
26
"Life, liberty, and property" are all examples of these
Natural rights
27
A division of power between the national government and the state and local governments
Federalism
28
This embodies the people's rights to create whatever form of government they believe best suits their needs
Right of Revolution
29
General warrants that gave colonial officials broad discretion when it came to searching the homes of private citizens and seizing their property
Writs of assistance
30
Wrote Spirit of the Laws
Montesquieu
31
Believed that direct democracy was the best type of governmental structure
Rousseau
32
Believed that representative democracy was the best type of governmental structure
Locke
33
Wrote Leviathan
Hobbes
34
Believed that individuals should willingly give up their rights for the good of the community
Rousseau
35
Advocated for a system of government in which there were separate branches each with oversight powers of the others
Montesquieu
36
Believed that if a government stopped protecting the natural rights of its citizens, those citizens had the right to revolt against the government and form a new government
Locke
37
Believed that an absolute monarchy was the best form of government
Hobbes
38
Wrote The Social Contract
Rousseau
39
In Two Treaties of Government, he advocated that the natural rights of life, liberty, and property were inalienable rights
Locke
40
Which of the following best describes the concept of limited government?
A. The people have no specific influence on the actions of government
B. Government must operate within certain constraints set by the people
C. People must behave according to the rules set by the government
D. The government has no written law
B. Government must operate within certain constraints set by the people
41
Which of the following most accurately characterizes the government under the Articles of Confederation?
A. The central government was weak and its powers were very restricted
B. The central government could force states to cooperate with each other
C. The national government had the power to force the states to pay taxes
D. There was a national court system to settle disputes between states
A. The central government was weak and its powers were very restricted
42
```
Each branch of government's ability to restrain the power of the other two branches is called
A. Federalism
B. Checks and balances
C. Judicial review
D. Limited government
```
B. Checks and balances
43
```
The power of the courts to decide the constitutionality of laws is called
A. Checks and balances
B. Federalism
C. Judicial review
D. Limited government
```
C. Judicial review
44
```
Which constitutional principle is set forth by the phrase "We the People"?
A. Checks and balances
B. Federalism
C. Judicial review
D. Popular sovereignty
```
D. Popular sovereignty
45
```
The introduction to the Constitution is called the
A. Articles of Confederation
B. Bill of Rights
C. Preamble
D. Supremacy Clause
```
C. Preamble
46
Which statement about the supremacy clause is true?
A. Establishes the Acts of local governments as the nation's highest law
B. Establishes the Constitution as the nation's highest law
C. Grants state constitutions priority over acts of Congress
D. Grants state laws priority over treaties
B. Establishes the Constitution as the nation's highest law
47
Federalists are
A. Individuals that were opposed to the ratification of the Constitution
B. Individuals that were in favor of ratifying the Constitution
C. Individuals that were in favor of restoring the Articles of Confederation
D. Individuals that had remained loyal to England during the American Revolution
B. Individuals that were in favor of ratifying the Constitution
48
Which of the following does not describe conditions in the United States during the 1780s?
A. There was general peace and prosperity in the United States
B. There was economic chaos and depression
C. There was widespread rioting in many of the states
D. The Articles of Confederation created a weak and ineffective central government
A. There was general peace and prosperity in the United States
49
The amending process was included in the Constitution to
A. Allow states to secede from the union at any time
B. Allow the government to adapt or adjust to future changes
C. Prevent any changes in the Articles of Confederation
D. Prevent the establishment of an absolute monarchy
B. Allow the government to adapt or adjust to future changes
50
```
An amendment to the Constitution may be proposed by a _____ vote in both houses of Congress and ratified by _____ of the state legislatures.
A. One half, one half
B. Two thirds, three fourths
C. Simple majority, all
D. Unanimous, all
```
B. Two thirds, three fourths
51
The establishment clause of the First Amendment has often been interpreted to mean
A. Separation of church and state
B. Legal formation of labor unions
C. Rules for selecting grand jury members
D. Protection from slander and libel
A. Separation of church and state
52
```
The rights to have a trial by jury and to call witnesses in one's defense are examples of
A. Affirmative action
B. Constitutional reforms from the 1900s
C. 13th amendment freedoms
D. Due process of law
```
D. Due process of law
53
```
Which of the following events helped promote interest in the 26th amendment?
A. Civil rights amendment
B. Vietnam War
C. American Civil War
D. Desegregation of the military
```
B. Vietnam War
54
The 14th and 15th amendments were written and ratified because
A. NAACP insisted that discrimination against African Americans must end
B. 13th amendment had not guaranteed the full rights of former slaves
C. 13th amendment had gone too far in supporting "Jim Crow laws"
D. African American soldiers had not been paid for their military service
B. 13th amendment had not guaranteed the full rights of former slaves
55
```
Which of the following Supreme Court cases established the principle of judicial review?
A. District of Columbia vs Heller
B. Marbury vs Madison
C. Dread Scott vs Sanford
D. McCulloch vs Maryland
```
B. Marbury vs Madison
56
What are expressed powers and give an example.
Powers given to the national government; declare war
57
What are reserved powers and give an example.
Powers given to the state government; to protect the public or education
58
What are concurrent powers and give an example.
Powers given to both the state and national government; establish courts or collect taxes
59
Prohibits the government from forcing people to house soldiers in their homes
3rd amendment
60
Guarantees the right to a trial by jury in criminal cases and the right to a lawyer
6th amendment
61
Says that the rights of citizens are not limited to only those described in the Constitution
9th amendment
62
Protects the right of the people to bear arms
2nd amendment
63
Grants that any powers not given in the Constitution to the federal government belong to the states
10th amendment
64
Guarantees due process of law and protects against self-discrimination and double jeopardy
5th amendment
65
Protects freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition
1st amendment
66
Guarantees the right to trial by jury in civil cases that involve more than $20
7th amendment
67
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures
4th amendment
68
Protects against excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment
8th amendment
69
```
How long is a term of office for a member of the Senate?
A. 2 years
B. 3 years
C. 4 years
D. 6 years
```
D. 6 years
70
```
All tax bills must originate in the
A. House of Representatives
B. Senate
C. Supreme Court
D. White House
```
A. House of Representatives
71
```
Which powers of Congress are based upon the Necessary and Proper clause?
A. Advanced powers
B. Expressed powers
C. Implied powers
D. Reserved powers
```
C. Implied powers
72
What is the single qualification required by the Constitution for membership in both the House and Senate?
A. College graduate
B. Minimum of nine years as a citizen
C. Minimum of thirty years old
D. Resident of the state from which they are elected
D. Resident of the state from which they are elected
73
```
The Constitution provides for what type of legislature?
A. Unicameral
B. Bicameral
C. Parliamentary
D. Presidential
```
B. Bicameral
74
```
Which article of the Constitution established the legislative branch of government?
A. Article 1
B. Article 2
C. Article 3
D. Article 4
```
A. Article 1
75
```
In both houses of Congress, whose job is it to assist the majority leader by keeping track of how party members vote and to persuade all members of the party to vote together on the issues?
A. Party whip
B. President Pro Tempore
C. Speaker of the House
D. Party President
```
A. Party whip
76
Which of the following is an example of an expressed power of Congress?
A. The power to establish the Department of Energy
B. The power to collect taxes
C. The power to create the interstate highway system
D. The power to prohibit workplace discrimination
B. The power to collect taxes
77
```
What is the minimum age requirement to serve in the House of Representatives?
A. 20 years of age
B. 25 years of age
C. 30 years of age
D. 35 years of age
```
B. 25 years of age
78
```
Congress is made up of how many members?
A. 435
B. 535
C. 635
D. 735
```
B. 535
79
```
The Speaker of the House is chosen by and is the leader of the
A. Cabinet
B. Conference Committee
C. Majority Party
D. Minority Party
```
C. Majority Party
80
```
How long is a term of office for a member of the House of the Representatives?
A. 2 years
B. 4 years
C. 6 years
D. 8 years
```
A. 2 years
81
```
The members of both the majority and minority parties have traditionally selected committee chairpersons on the basis of
A. Age
B. Education
C. Geography
D. Seniority
```
D. Seniority
82
In which house of Congress do members drop proposed bills into the "hopper"?
A. The United States Senate
B. The United States House of Representatives
C. Both houses of Congress
D. Neither house of Congress
B. The United States House of Representatives
83
How is the number of representatives from each state determined?
A. The Senate decides
B. State legislatures decide
C. The numbers are stated in the Constitution
D. The number is based on census results
D. The number is based on census results
84
In which house of Congress may members begin impeaching proceedings?
A. The United States Senate
B. The United States House of Representatives
C. Both houses of Congress
D. Neither house of Congress
B. The United States House of Representatives
85
```
Which of the following states has the most members of House of Representatives?
A. Alabama
B. California
C. New York
D. Texas
```
B. California
86
In which house of Congress may members not be sued for anything they say or write while carrying out their legislative duties?
A. The United States Senate
B. The United States House of Representatives
C. Both houses of Congress
D. Neither house of Congress
C. Both houses of Congress
87
Members of the Senate must be at least 30 years old, residents of the states they represent, and
A. Natural born United States citizen
B. United States citizen for at least two years
C. United States citizen for at least 7 years
D. United States citizen for at least 9 years
D. United States citizen for at least 9 years
88
```
Elections for the entire House of Representatives and one-third of the Senate are held every
A. Two years
B. Four years
C. 6 years
D. 8 years
```
A. Two years
89
```
After being introduced on the floor, a bill moves to
A. Floor debate
B. The appropriate standing committee
C. A roll-call vote
D. The President's desk
```
C. A roll-call vote
90
In which house of Congress do members decide their own salaries?
A. The United States Senate
B. The United States House of Representatives
C. Both houses of Congress
D. Neither house of Congress
C. Both houses of Congress
91
Select committees are
A. Permanent committees that specialize in particular topics
B. Committees that help the House and Senate agree on a bill
C. Smaller groups within standing committees
D. Temporary committees that meet to deal with special issues
D. Temporary committees that meet to deal with special issues
92
The primary responsibility of the Majority/Minority Leader is to
A. Lead each session of Congress
B. Decide when to hold a vote
C. Keep track of how party members vote
D. Make sure that the laws passed are in the best interest of the country and their political party
D. Make sure that the laws passed are in the best interest of the country and their political party
93
Which of the following statements about Senators is accurate?
A. They are limited to two terms in office
B. Their terms all begin at the same time
C. Each senator represents half of his or her state
D. There are two senators from every state
D. There are two senators from every state
94
```
Which of the following Congressional leaders has the most power and influence?
A. Majority Leader
B. Speaker of the House
C. Majority Whip
D. Minority Leader
```
B. Speaker of the House
95
Which of the following is a special non-legislative power of the Senate?
A. Introducing tax bills
B. Introducing appropriation bills
C. Beginning impeachment proceedings
D. Serving as the jury during an impeachment trial
D. Serving as the jury during an impeachment trial
96
```
A committee that includes members of both house of Congress is called a
A. Standing committee
B. Joint committee
C. Select committee
D. Subcommittee
```
B. Joint committee
97
Which of the following is an example of an implied power?
A. The power to enact anti-pollution laws
B. The power to regulate foreign and interstate commerce
C. The power to establish the post office
D. The power to declare war
A. The power to enact anti-pollution laws
98
```
Impeachment proceedings, approving Presidential appointments, and ratifying treaties are each examples of Congress'
A. Non-legislative powers
B. Expressed powers
C. Implied powers
D. Inalienable powers
```
A. Non-legislative powers
99
Members may potentially speak for an unlimited amount of time concerning proposed legislation in the
A. The United States Senate
B. The United States House of Representatives
C. Both houses of Congress
D. Neither house of Congress
A. The United States Senate
100
In which house of Congress may members not tax interstate commerce or exports?
A. The United States Senate
B. The United States House of Representatives
C. Both houses of Congress
D. Neither house of Congress
C. Both houses of Congress
101
```
Powers that are specially reserved for one of the two houses of Congress are
A. Special powers
B. Expressed powers
C. Implied powers
D. Non-legislature powers
```
A. Special powers
102
Which of the following is a Constitutional requirement to serve in the United States House of Representatives?
A. Must be natural born United States citizen
B. Must be a United States citizen for at least 2 years
C. Must be a United States citizen for at least 7 years
D. Must be a United States citizen for at least 9 years
C. Must be a United States citizen for at least 7 years
103
Approving Presidential appointments is a non-legislative and special power that belongs to the
A. The United States Senate
B. The United States House of Representatives
C. Both houses of Congress
D. Neither house of Congress
A. The United States Senate
104
Orrin Hatch
President Pro Tempore
105
Mike Pence
President of the Senate
106
Steve Scalise
House Majority Whip
107
Kevin McCarthy
House Majority Leader
108
John Cornyn
Senate Majority Whip
109
Bill Cassidy
Senior Republican Senator of Louisiana
110
Steny Hoyer
House Minority Whip
111
Nancy Pelosi
House Minority Leader
112
Chuck Schumer
Senate Minority Leader
113
Mitch McConnell
Senate Majority Leader
114
John Kennedy
Junior Republican Senator from Louisiana
115
Paul Ryan
Speaker of the House
116
Richard Durbin
Senate Minority Whip
117
```
An expert in foreign affairs would most likely for the Department of
A. State
B. Justice
C. Labor
D. Commerce
```
A. State
118
```
The Department of Justice is headed by the
A. Chief Justice
B. Vice President
C. Secretary of Justice
D. Attorney General
```
D. Attorney General
119
```
When the President honors a team for winning a championship, he or she is acting as
A. Chief Diplomat
B. Head of State
C. Commander-in-Chief
D. Chief executive
```
B. Head of State
120
Serving as party leader during a political campaign, the president would make a speech primarily to
A. Benefit candidates from both political parties
B. Benefit candidates from his or her own party
C. Raise money for both political parties
D. Raise money for businesses he or she supports
B. Benefit candidates from his or her own party
121
When a new president takes office, he or she
A. Appoints mostly members from his or her political party to government positions
B. Appoints an equal number of members of both political parties
C. Is not permitted to make appointments based on party membership
D. May approve or reject appointments made by Congress
A. Appoints mostly members from his or her political party to government positions
122
```
The executive branch was created by
A. Article 1
B. Article 2
C. Article 3
D. Article 4
```
B. Article 2
123
```
The Constitutional requirements for President include all of the following except
A. Age 35 or older
B. Experience in politics
C. Natural born citizen
D. 14 year resident of the United States
```
B. Experience in politics
124
```
All of the Constitutional requirements for President are the same for which of the following positions?
A. Secretary of State
B. Attorney General
C. Vice President
D. Chief of State
```
C. Vice President
125
All of the following powers are granted to the President in the Constitution except
A. Declaring war
B. Granting pardons and reprieves for federal offenses
C. Making treaties with Senate approval
D. Serving as the commander in chief of the military
A. Declaring war
126
```
How many years comprise a single term for a President of the United States?
A. 2 years
B. 4 years
C. 6 years
D. 8 years
```
B. 4 years
127
```
A pact made by the President directly with the head of another country without Senate approval is called
A. Presidential order
B. Treaty
C. Advice and consent
D. An executive agreement
```
D. An executive agreement
128
Under what circumstances does the 22nd amendment allow a President to serve more than two full terms in office?
A. Congress passes an official resolution allowing it
B. He or she receives over 60% of the popular vote
C. There is a declared war going on
D. He or she serves less than half of another president's term
D. He or she serves less than half of another president's term
129
In the role of Commander in Chief,
A. The president may order troops into battle
B. President may declare war
C. Secretary of Defense may use the military to control domestic uprisings
D. Secretary of Homeland Security may commit troops abroad for up to 60 days without Congressional approval
A. The president may order troops into battle
130
```
What is the maximum number of years someone can serve as President of the United States?
A. 4 years
B. 6 years
C. 8 years
D. 10 years
```
D. 10 years
131
After the popular election is held and using the results from the popular election as a guide, which of the following actually elects the President of the United States?
A. State legislators
B. Senators from each state
C. Members of the House of Representatives from each state
D. Electors from each state comprising the Electoral College
D. Electors from each state comprising the Electoral College
132
```
Which of the following roles involves the President being in charge of foreign policy?
A. Chief Diplomat
B. Commander in Chief
C. Legislative Leader
D. Party Leader
```
A. Chief Diplomat
133
```
Which of the following roles involves the President influencing the lawmaking agenda?
A. Party Leader
B. Legislative Leader
C. Chief Diplomat
D. Chief of State
```
B. Legislative Leader
134
```
Which of the following agencies is primarily concerned with providing advice to the President on matters dealing with the development of the annual federal budget?
A. NSC
B. NASA
C. NTSB
D. OMB
```
D. OMB
135
```
Which President of the United States officially created the Executive Office of the President in 1939?
A. Theodore Roosevelt
B. Harry Truman
C. Franklin Roosevelt
D. Woodrow Wilson
```
C. Franklin Roosevelt
136
```
How many electoral votes does the state of Louisiana have?
A. 8
B. 10
C. 11
D. 12
```
A. 8
137
```
The branch of government whose primary responsibility is to enforce the laws is the
A. Legislative branch
B. Executive branch
C. Judicial branch
D. Civics branch
```
B. Executive branch
138
```
An individual is limited to how many terms as the President of the United States?
A. One term
B. Two terms
C. Three terms
D. There are no term limits
```
B. Two terms
139
```
According to the Presidential Succession Act, who becomes President if both the President and VP die or leave office?
A. Speaker of the House
B. President Pro Tempore of the Senate
C. Member of the cabinet
D. Minority leader of the Senate
```
A. Speaker of the House
140
The purpose of the Executive Office of the President is to
A. Play a direct role in governing the country
B. Serve and advise the president
C. Oversee the operations of the President
D. Enforce laws passed by Congress
B. Serve and advise the president
141
The difference between an executive order and a law is that
A. Executive orders have more power
B. Laws carry more power
C. Executive orders are issued by the President
D. The President makes laws
C. Executive orders are issued by the President
142
```
A group of presidential advisers made up of the heads of the executive departments, the VP, and other officials is known as the
A. Bureaucracy
B. Cabinet
C. Presidential Advisory Board
D. Presidential Coalition Board
```
B. Cabinet
143
```
An official representative of a country's government is called
A. Ambassador
B. Minister
C. Diplomat
D. Bureaucrat
```
A. Ambassador
144
```
The executive department that has responsibility for all aspects of federal law enforcement is
A. The Department of Defense
B. Department of the Interior
C. Department of Homeland Security
D. Department of Justice
```
D. Department of Justice
145
```
A government's plan for dealing with other nations is
A. Diplomatic policy
B. Ambassadorial policy
C. Reciprocity policy
D. Foreign policy
```
D. Foreign policy
146
```
The network of agencies and individuals that work to carry out the numerous duties of the executive branch is called the
A. Bureaucracy
B. Departments
C. Cabinets
D. Offices
```
A. Bureaucracy
147
```
A formal agreement between two more more countries is called
A. Executive agreement
B. Official negotiation
C. Treaty
D. Accordance
```
C. Treaty
148
Which of the following agencies is primarily concerned with providing advice to the President on matters dealing with the safety and security of the United States?
A. National Security Council
B. National Aeronautic and Space Administration
C. National Transportation Safety Board
D. Office of Management and Budget
A. National Security Council
149
```
When the President appoints a member to the cabinet or other government agency he or she is assuming the role of the
A. Chief of State
B. Chief executive
C. Chief Diplomat
D. legislative Leader
```
B. Chief executive
150
```
Which of the following is not a statutory member of the National Security Council?
A. President
B. VP
C. Secretary of the Treasury
D. Secretary of State
```
C. Secretary of the Treasury
151
```
How many electoral votes does an individual need to receive in order to become the President of the United States?
A. 270
B. 300
C. 370
D. 435
```
A. 270
152
This was granted to President Nixon by President Ford following the Watergate scandal
Pardon
153
This was granted by President Ford to individuals who evaded the military draft during the Vietnam War era
Amnesty
154
This is an order to delay a person's punishment until a higher court can hear the case
Reprieve
155
The ability to keep the country safe from attack or harm
National security
156
This outlined the replacement of the President due to death, disability, resignation, or impeachment from office
25th amendment
157
This mandated that the President notify Congress within 48 hours after committing the armed forces to military action
War Powers Act
158
This is an agreement among a group of nations, prohibiting trade with a target nation
Embargo
159
This is the system of hiring new workers from lists of people who have passed tests or otherwise met required standards
Civil service system
160
This is an effort to punish another country by imposing trade barriers
Trade sanction
161
John Kelly
Chief of Staff
162
Rex Tillerson
Secretary of State
163
Sarah Huckabee-Sanders
Press Secretary
164
John Mattis
Secretary of Defense
