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LLT 121 > Midterm Terms > Flashcards

Midterm Terms Flashcards

1
Q

*powerful beings of various kinds
*take place in world outside/before present order
*analogous to modern theoretical science
*not same as religion, although linked

A

Divine myth

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2
Q

*story/roots in historical fact or relationship to history
*analogous to history (can contain elements of historical truth)
*principal actors are heroes and heroines

A

Legend

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3
Q

*Central characters are usually ordinary human beings
* can relate, often low social status, monsters wicked sorceresses; mistaken identity; moral/magical content

A

Folktale

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4
Q

I give so that you may give

A

Do ut des

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5
Q

pollution; incurred from murder - familial killing often can only be removed ritually or via a king

A

Miasma

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6
Q

*not written by homer
*poems to various authors
*same dialect as homers epics

A

Homeric Hymn

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7
Q

explains origin or cause of something

A

Etiological Myth

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8
Q

*known for being sailors
*beautiful & intricate pottery
*named after mythical king Minos (myth of minotaur)

A

Minoans

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9
Q

*perhaps the Greek culture which fought in the war of Homer’s Iliad
*warlike society
giant palace complex @ Mycenae
*ruled by wanax (king)

A

Myceneans

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10
Q

*Myceneans believed the walls were so big only the cyclops could have built them

A

Cyclopean Walls

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11
Q

*attribution of human traits, emotions, or intentions to non-human entities

A

anthropomorphism

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12
Q

messages and stories transmitted orally from one generation to another (speech, song, dance, art, sayings, proverbs, fables)

A

Oral Tradition

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13
Q

*German businessman who believed events in Homer’s Iliad could be verified archeologically
*found tons of artifacts, did not document well, named them after characters, sold and kept a lot of them

A

Heinrich Schliemann

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14
Q

*Used dynamite - did not record properly
*destructive science, can only be done once
*took artifacts out of context and country

A

Heinrich Schliemann

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15
Q

*goat skin
*shield w/serpent border used by Athena and Zeus

A

Aegis

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16
Q

alphabetic script

A

Linear B

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17
Q

*recorded frequency of every symbol character, & those in juxtaposition appeared on tablets
*180,000 notecards
*died @ 43 on verge of discovery

A

Alice Kober

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18
Q

*decipherment in 1952
*looked for name Ko-no-so (knossos)
*acknowledged & credited Kober - went unnoticed by scholars

A

Michael Ventris

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19
Q

oral poet

A

aoidoi

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20
Q

*song stitcher
*compiled all different songs together

A

rhapsode

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21
Q

*story that explains the “origin of the gods”
*creation of present world order

A

theogony

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22
Q

*story that explains the “origin of the world”

A

cosmogony

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23
Q

*Early gods’ representations of natural forces on abstract concepts
*Birth of gods = ordering of cosmos

A

cosmology

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24
Q

*sacred marriage
*between sky god and earth mother

A

Hieros Gamos

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25
Q

*“swift-footed Achilles”
*“rosy fingered Dawn”
*“the wine dark sea”
*alternate names focuses on aspects of gods usually helped fit meter of aoidoi performing

A

epithets

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26
Q

*memorized public presentation group of 12+ male or female children dancers

A

Choral Song

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27
Q

*often involves necessary choice btw equally unpleasant options
*Aristotle - imitation of an action that’s serious and completed
*purification of the emotions
often mythological stories

A

Tragedy

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28
Q
  • purification or purgation of the emotions (especially pity & fear) primarily through art
A

Catharsis

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29
Q

palace of Minoans; labyrinth structure

A

Knossos

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30
Q

Hospitality, ritual/protocol of proper guest/host relationship; if violated (steal host food, kill guest, etc.) Zeus can come after you (sacred to Zeus)

A

Xenia

31
Q

“soul-guide” Hermes is called this

A

psychopompos

32
Q

*a Bride “virgin”
*girl thought to be wild and dangerous like the Goddess Artemis, to whose cult young girls served

A

Parthenos

33
Q

Temple dedicated to Athena as a virgin

A

Parthenon

34
Q

‘standing at the threshold’ or a ‘period of in-between-ness’

A

Liminal/Liminality

35
Q

Transition from life to death

A

Liminal spaces

36
Q

Associated with Rebirth (Demeter)
one who lives under the earth

A

Chthonic deity

37
Q

fatal pride
was the downfall of many heroes

A

Hubris

38
Q

*A stone pile (travelers throw stones on for good luck) was stylized into a pillar with a human head, usually bearded, and an erect phallus.
*gods’ wand, a staff intertwined with two snakes copulating, carried by human heralds (Hermes staff)

A

Herm/Caduceus

39
Q

*The place Apollo ruled
*a Pan-Hellenic religious center to which all Greeks paid respect, regardless of their unending political differences

A

Delphi

40
Q

At Delphi, the prophetess was called this after the dragon Python

A

Pythia

41
Q

legend states that there was an earlier one of these that functioned under Gaea or Themis.

A

oracle

42
Q

War with the Titans

A

Titanomachy

43
Q

*Myth of how the next generation overtook their parents (Uranus & Gaia to Cronus & Rhea to Zeus & Hera)
*Children defeat parent (father) to take over

A

Succession myth

44
Q

The act of tearing apart or mangling

A

Sparagmos

45
Q

b;ank

A

blank

46
Q

*“married to Rome” Served as priestesses to Vesta (Hestia) for at least 30 years
*afterwards could have some autonomy in city if they did not marry
*could not shed their blood
*kept the eternal flame going

A

Vestal Virgins

47
Q

“raw-eater”. The eating of raw flesh or meat. Associated with the cult of Dionysus because of the myth of Divinity and the fate of Pentheus

A

Omophagia

48
Q

the act of transcending to a god, to become a god (Hercules does this as well) Ariadne and Semele

A

Aptheosis

49
Q

a journey (descent) into (and back from) the Underworld; one of the few Olympians to travel there

A

Katabasis

50
Q

*staff with a pinecone on top
*Dionysus Staff

A

Thyrsus

51
Q

*barley drink
*Demeter drinks it at Celeos and Metaneira’s castle

A

Kykeon

52
Q

soul; people

A

Psyche, Demos

53
Q

Battles @ Marathon, Thermopylae, and Salamis; where the Hoplites fought. Were driven into the sea by Athenian citizen-soldiers

A

Persian Wars

54
Q

Heavily armed men; comes from hoplon = shield or armor

A

Hoplites

55
Q

Two Rival Leagues (Sparta - a military state ruled by aristocracy and Athens - democratic) fought each other for 27 years; cant stop sending money to Athens without receiving backlash

A

Peloponnesian Wars

56
Q

“Land between the river” occupied the region of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in what is today Iraq; where many important Greek myths have their origin

A

Mesopotamia

57
Q

Created the first known city-states; on the Persian Gulf near the Tigris and Euphrates; Hundreds of gods and goddesses in their pantheon; culture appeared suddenly

A

Sumerians

58
Q

Get stuck here if you are not given proper funerals or burial rites (CANNOT enter the underworld without these)

A

Limbo

59
Q

River of Woe

A

Acheron

60
Q

river of forgetfulness, must drink
from it and forget earthly existence

A

Lethe

61
Q

*Nida Waterfall
*Cape Matapan
*Cave of the Sybil
*Diros Cave

A

Entrances to the Underworld

62
Q

Dis and Pluto

A

Hades

63
Q

Rich

A

Dis

64
Q

the place that confines

A

Orcus

65
Q

*have to be inducted in order to learn practices
*spiritual resurrection after death

A

Mystery Religion (Eleusinian Mysteries, Cult of Dionysus, Orphism)

66
Q

(epos = “word, song”) a long narrative poem celebrating the deeds of heroes

A

epic

67
Q

*Group activities
*Communal sparagmos and omophagia
appealed especially to women (involved heavily in myth)
*viewed as a demon

A

Cult of Dionysus

68
Q

Swear by this and cannot break oath

A

River Styx

69
Q

image

A

eidolon

70
Q

breath

A

psyche

71
Q

an image of what one was in life, attenuated form

A

shades, spirits, and ghosts

72
Q

*precession for dead
*have a eulogy
*preparing the body
*Parentalia festival
*Lemuria Festival (Roman)

A

Funerary Practices

73
Q

having the power to avert evil influences or bad luck

A

apotropaic

LLT 121 (5 decks)

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