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HHP 315 > Midterm Terms CH1-5 > Flashcards

Midterm Terms CH1-5 Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Positive psychology

A

an approach to human behavior that focuses on wellness & not just the absence of disease

  • quality of life
  • mental illness prevention
  • evidence based psychology
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2
Q

Evidence Based Practice

A

emphasis that application & practice must be based upon good science

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3
Q

Clinical/counseling sport psychology

A

trained in clinical or counseling psychology, ,may be licensed psychologist

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4
Q

Educational sport psychology

A

teach correct principles of and exercise psychology to athletes and coaches

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5
Q

Sport psychology

A

the study of the effect of psychological & emotional factors on sport & exercise performance & the effect of sport & exercise involvement on psycholigcal & emotional factors

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6
Q

Universalistic Model

A

training for multicultural issues that teaches cultural sensitivity

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7
Q

Cultural compatibility

A

training for multicultural issues that matches backgrounds of sport psychologist & athlete; less likely

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8
Q

Personality

A

all of the consistent ways in which the behavior of one person differs from that of others; especially in social situations

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9
Q

Masking

A

purposefully or inadvertently hiding true personality

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10
Q

Role-related behaviors

A

indicative of how a person behaves in various, specific situations

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11
Q

Psychological core

A

who you are at the very base level

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12
Q

Psychodynamic Theory of Personality

A

examination of the whole person & their unconscious motives (id, ego, super ego); Freud

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13
Q

Id

A

pleasure-seeking

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14
Q

Ego

A

conscious, logical

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15
Q

Super ego

A

conscience

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16
Q

Social Learning Theory of Personality

A

an individual behaves according to how they have learned to behave; Hull & Bandura

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17
Q

Humanistic Theory of Personality

A

human nature is inherently constructive & healthy-people want to improve; Carl Rogers Self-Actualization & Maslow’s Theory of Needs

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18
Q

Trait Theory of Personality

A

innate disposition to act a certain way; considered to be stable, enduring, & consistent

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19
Q

Jung’s Theory of Personality

A

based on 2 personality attitudes (introversion & extroversion) and 4 functions of mental processes (thinking, feeling, sensing, & intuition)

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20
Q

Gravitational Hypothesis

A

individuals who posses stable, extroverted personalities tend to gravitate toward athletics

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21
Q

Global Self Confidence

A

personalities trait or disposition that facilitates daily living

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22
Q

Situation Specific Self Confidence

A

belief in a certain ability

-Bandura’s Self Efficacy

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23
Q

4 Fundamental Elements to Bandura’s Self Efficacy

A
  • successful performance
  • vicarious experience
  • verbal persuasion
  • emotional arousal
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24
Q

Momentum in Sport

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A

a positive or negative change in cognition, affect, physiology, & behavior caused by an event or series of events that will result in a commensurate shift in performance & competitive outcome

25
Antecedent's Consequences Model
psychological momentum results in feelings of goal progression, self-confidence, motivation, and energy
26
Multidimensional Model
psychological momentum is defined as being either positive or negative
27
Projected Performance Model
psychological momentum has little effect of performance; there is no cause-and-effect relationship between labels and actual performance
28
Hot Hand Phenomenon
the belief that performance of an athlete temporarily improves following a string of successes (affected by situation changes i.e. pressure)
29
Social Factors
facilitate or cause feelings of competence, autonomy, & relatedness (experience of success, failure, competition, cooperation, and coaches behavior)
30
Self-Determination Theory
social factors determine the beliefs athletes have about themselves
31
3 Needs in Self-Determination Theory
1) Need for competence 2) Need for autonomy (hard work pays off) 3) Need for relatedness (team atmosphere)
32
Amotivation
least self deterministic kind of motivation; behaviors that are neither internally nor externally based; absence of motivation
33
Intrinsic Motivation
highest level of self determinism; comes from within, no sense of engaging in activity for material reward
34
Extrinsic Motivation
motivation from awards, trophies, money, praise, social approval
35
Women's Self Confidence is Affected by:
Nature of the task (masculine or feminine) Ambiguity of available information Social comparison
36
Traditional Achievement Goal Orientations
Task Goal Orientation Ego Goal Orientation Social Approval Goal Orientation
37
Task Goal Orientation
mastery; perceived ability is a function of improvement from one point to another
38
Ego Goal Orientation
perceived ability measured against others
39
Social Approval Goal Orientation
emphasizes the desire for acceptance through conformity; desire to win so arent embarrassed
40
Maladaptive Motivation
low ability to perform & high ego orientation
41
Goal Involvement
how an individual relates to an achievement situation
42
Motivational Climates
mastery climate | competitive climate
43
Mastery Climate
athletes receive positive reinforcement for hardwork & improvement, demonstrating cooperation, and emphasizes contribution
44
Competitive Climate
poor performance is punished, high ability athletes recieve all the attention, competition is encouraged among athletes
45
Matching Hypothesis
athletes perform best when the goal orientation and the climate match (Task Goal Orientation-Mastery Climate; Ego Goal Orientation-Competitive Climate)
46
Motives & Benefits of Youth Sports
*fun and enjoyment* learn & improve skills become physically fit & enjoy good health challenge & excitement of competition be with friends & enjoy team atmosphere
47
Potential Negatives of Youth Sports
- too much focus on winning & competition - increased distress & anxiety associated with over emphasis on winning - violence & aggression among adults
48
Reasons for withdrawal from a sport
``` *lack of fun and enjoyment* failure to learn new skills poor team atmosphere distress & worry too early too much specialization parental pressure & high expectations ```
49
Reversed-Dependency trap
a situation in youth sport in which the child become an extension of the parent; parent comes to define his own sense of self-worth in terms of the success and failure of his son or daughter
50
Benefits of Youth Sport Participation
``` personal perks (intrinsic) praise from parents & coaches (extrinsic) decision making skills ```
51
Motivational Climate
a situational specific state variable; may result in a change in the athlete's goal orientation structure
52
Stages of Sport Involvement
1) Sampling Years (6-12) 2) Specialization (13-15) 3) Investment Years (16+)
53
Bandura's Self-Efficacy
belief in one's capabilities to organize and execute the courses of action required to produce given attainments; situation-specific self-confidence
54
Harter's Competency Motivation
individuals are innately motivated to be competent in all areas of human achievement; success will promote continuation while failure will encourage dropout
55
Vealey's Multidimensional Sport-Confidence
sport-confidence in conceptualized as being more dispositional (trait) or state-like
56
Prosocial behavior
voluntary behavior designed to benefit another person
57
Antisocial behavior
voluntary behavior designed to disadvantage and perhaps harm another person
58
Adaptive motivational patterns
allow them to demonstrate persistence and sustained effort

HHP 315 (2 decks)

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