Midterm Vocab

Question 1

As-salamu alaykum

Answer 1

peace be upon you, Muslim greeting

Question 2

Wa-alikum as-salam

Answer 2

and upon you too, response

Question 3

Al-Jazira al-‘Arabiyya

Answer 3

“The Arab Island”, arab península, southwest part of Asia

Question 4

Al-Jahiliyya

Answer 4

“The age of Ignorance” – pre-islamic Arabia

Question 5

Hanifism

Answer 5

monotheism

Question 6

Allat

Answer 6

“goddess” , pre-islamic

Question 7

Manat

Answer 7

“goddess of fire”, pre-islamic

Question 8

Al-‘ Uzza

Answer 8

“goddess of power”, pre-islamic

Question 9

Makka

Answer 9

birthplace of Muhammad, city in Saudi Arabia, city of Islam’s birth

Question 10

Ka’ba

Answer 10

shrine in Makka

Question 11

‘Ukaz

Answer 11

marketplace annually in Makka in which poetry is recited

Question 12

Quraysh

Answer 12

famous tribe in Makka

Question 13

Hashimites

Answer 13

family of Quraysh tribe, family of Muhammad

Question 14

Shaykh

Answer 14

leader of a tribe

Question 15

Majis

Answer 15

council of a Shaykh

Question 16

‘Abd Allah

Answer 16

father of Muhammad, “servant of God”

Question 17

Amina

Answer 17

mother of Muhammad

Question 18

‘Abd Al-Muttalib

Answer 18

father of Abd Allah, grandfather of Muhammad

Question 19

Abu Talib

Answer 19

Uncle of Muhammad, cared for Muhammad at a young age

Question 20

Bahira

Answer 20

priest who predicted that Muhammad would become a prophet and argue with Jews

Question 21

Khadija

Answer 21

first wife of Muhammad, she was 40 when married in 595

Question 22

Hira

Answer 22

mountain where Muhammad meditated and had his revelations

Question 23

Madina

Answer 23

city in Arabia, Muhammad was called in 620 to arbitrate the conflict between Aws and Kazraj–tribes in Madina where Muhammad was sent to fix conflict of Abu Bakr

Question 24

Abu Bakr

Answer 24

companion of Muhammad, 1st Khalifa to Muhammad

Question 25

Khalifa

Answer 25

successor to Muhammad

Question 26

'Ali Ibn Abi Talib

Answer 26

cousin of Muhammad, married to Fatima, 4th Khalifa

Question 27

Fatima

Answer 27

daughter of Muhammad

Question 28

Hijra

Answer 28

"immigration" in 622 when Muslims and Muhammad traveled to Madina

Question 29

Masjid

Answer 29

mosque

Question 30

Battle of Badr

Answer 30

first battle between Makkans + Muslims, 624 - Muslims won

Question 31

Battle of Uhud

Answer 31

2nd battle between Makkans + Muslims, 625 - Makkans won

Question 32

Battle of Khandaq

Answer 32

3rd battle, "battle of the ditches" in Madina, 627 - no victor

Question 33

Al-Hudaibiyya

Answer 33

treaty between Makkans + Muslims in 628; 10 year truce. Muhammad was allowed access to Makka in a year or so. Truce broken in 629 during pilgrimage to Makka, 630 Muhammad returned and captured the city of Makka

Question 34

'Umar Ibn al-Khattab

Answer 34

2nd Khalifa, 634-644, pagan turned Muslim, expanded Islamic State to include Persia, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Iraq, Palestine, etc.

Question 35

'Amr Ibn al-'Ass

Answer 35

military general under Umar, captured Egypt in 640. Arbitrator for Mu'awiya during Battle of Siffin, 657

Question 36

'Uthman Ibn 'Affan

Answer 36

3rd Khalifa, compiled the Quran, known for his unfairness, killed by Muslims in 656

Question 37

A'isha

Answer 37

2nd wife of Muhammad, fought Ali in Battle of the Camel, 656

Question 38

Mu'awiya

Answer 38

Governor of Syria, refused to back down against Ali in 657, Battle of Siffin

Question 39

Battle of Siffin

Answer 39

Between Ali and Mu'awiya, troops raised Quran copies on spears, Ali was forced to stop fighting and arbitrate

Question 40

Abu Musa

Answer 40

advisor of Ali during arbitration of Siffin, agreed Ali + Mu'awiya were unfit to rule

Question 41

Karijites

Answer 41

"those who separated", believed they could pass judgement on actions, radical beliefs, thought Khalifa could be any Arab or man, not only Muhammad's blood

Question 42

Ibadis

Answer 42

another name for Kharijites

Question 43

Shi'ites

Answer 43

followers of Ali and Muhammad's bloodlines

Question 44

Sunnis

Answer 44

followers of Mu'awiya, believed leaders should be chosen by people. The largest Islam denomination

Question 45

Murji'a

Answer 45

"those who postpone judgement"

Question 46

Ummayad Dynasty

Answer 46

family of Uthman and Mu'awiya, dynasty from 661-750 when Ali died. Mu'awiya was first king of Islamic state