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Flashcards in Viagra Deck (46)
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1
Q

As-salamu alaykum

A

peace be upon you, Muslim greeting

2
Q

Wa-alikum as-salam

A

and upon you too, response

3
Q

Al-Jazira al-‘Arabiyya

A

“The Arab Island”, arab península, southwest part of Asia

4
Q

Al-Jahiliyya

A

“The age of Ignorance” – pre-islamic Arabia

5
Q

Hanifism

A

monotheism

6
Q

Allat

A

“goddess” , pre-islamic

7
Q

Manat

A

“goddess of fire”, pre-islamic

8
Q

Al-‘ Uzza

A

“goddess of power”, pre-islamic

9
Q

Makka

A

birthplace of Muhammad, city in Saudi Arabia, city of Islam’s birth

10
Q

Ka’ba

A

shrine in Makka

11
Q

‘Ukaz

A

marketplace annually in Makka in which poetry is recited

12
Q

Quraysh

A

famous tribe in Makka

13
Q

Hashimites

A

family of Quraysh tribe, family of Muhammad

14
Q

Shaykh

A

leader of a tribe

15
Q

Majis

A

council of a Shaykh

16
Q

‘Abd Allah

A

father of Muhammad, “servant of God”

17
Q

Amina

A

mother of Muhammad

18
Q

‘Abd Al-Muttalib

A

father of Abd Allah, grandfather of Muhammad

19
Q

Abu Talib

A

Uncle of Muhammad, cared for Muhammad at a young age

20
Q

Bahira

A

priest who predicted that Muhammad would become a prophet and argue with Jews

21
Q

Khadija

A

first wife of Muhammad, she was 40 when married in 595

22
Q

Hira

A

mountain where Muhammad meditated and had his revelations

23
Q

Madina

A

city in Arabia, Muhammad was called in 620 to arbitrate the conflict between Aws and Kazraj–tribes in Madina where Muhammad was sent to fix conflict of Abu Bakr

24
Q

Abu Bakr

A

companion of Muhammad, 1st Khalifa to Muhammad

25
Q

Khalifa

A

successor to Muhammad

26
Q

‘Ali Ibn Abi Talib

A

cousin of Muhammad, married to Fatima, 4th Khalifa

27
Q

Fatima

A

daughter of Muhammad

28
Q

Hijra

A

“immigration” in 622 when Muslims and Muhammad traveled to Madina

29
Q

Masjid

A

mosque

30
Q

Battle of Badr

A

first battle between Makkans + Muslims, 624 - Muslims won

31
Q

Battle of Uhud

A

2nd battle between Makkans + Muslims, 625 - Makkans won

32
Q

Battle of Khandaq

A

3rd battle, “battle of the ditches” in Madina, 627 - no victor

33
Q

Al-Hudaibiyya

A

treaty between Makkans + Muslims in 628; 10 year truce. Muhammad was allowed access to Makka in a year or so. Truce broken in 629 during pilgrimage to Makka, 630 Muhammad returned and captured the city of Makka

34
Q

‘Umar Ibn al-Khattab

A

2nd Khalifa, 634-644, pagan turned Muslim, expanded Islamic State to include Persia, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Iraq, Palestine, etc.

35
Q

‘Amr Ibn al-‘Ass

A

military general under Umar, captured Egypt in 640. Arbitrator for Mu’awiya during Battle of Siffin, 657

36
Q

‘Uthman Ibn ‘Affan

A

3rd Khalifa, compiled the Quran, known for his unfairness, killed by Muslims in 656

37
Q

A’isha

A

2nd wife of Muhammad, fought Ali in Battle of the Camel, 656

38
Q

Mu’awiya

A

Governor of Syria, refused to back down against Ali in 657, Battle of Siffin

39
Q

Battle of Siffin

A

Between Ali and Mu’awiya, troops raised Quran copies on spears, Ali was forced to stop fighting and arbitrate

40
Q

Abu Musa

A

advisor of Ali during arbitration of Siffin, agreed Ali + Mu’awiya were unfit to rule

41
Q

Karijites

A

“those who separated”, believed they could pass judgement on actions, radical beliefs, thought Khalifa could be any Arab or man, not only Muhammad’s blood

42
Q

Ibadis

A

another name for Kharijites

43
Q

Shi’ites

A

followers of Ali and Muhammad’s bloodlines

44
Q

Sunnis

A

followers of Mu’awiya, believed leaders should be chosen by people. The largest Islam denomination

45
Q

Murji’a

A

“those who postpone judgement”

46
Q

Ummayad Dynasty

A

family of Uthman and Mu’awiya, dynasty from 661-750 when Ali died. Mu’awiya was first king of Islamic state