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INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY > MIDTERMS > Flashcards

MIDTERMS Flashcards

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1
Q

is a medical imaging technique used to visualize the inside or lumen of blood vessels and organs of the body

A

angiography or arteriography

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2
Q

3 clinical applications of angiography

A

cerebral angiography
pulmonary angiography
abdominal angiography

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3
Q

give the uses of cerebral angiography

A

aneurysm
atherosclerosis
blood clots
arteriovenous malformation
brain tumors
tears in ling of artery
vasculitis

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4
Q

this will happen if the catheter loosens plaque inside a blood vessel

A

stroke

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5
Q

is a diagnostic test that uses an xray, it provides a cerebral angiogram or an image that can help the doctor find blockages or other abnormalities in the blood vessels of the head and neck

A

cerebral angiography

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6
Q

is an xray of the blood vessels that supply the lungs

it is used to find a blood clot, also called a pulmonary embolism

this type of test is rarely done

A

pulmonary angiography

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7
Q

possible risks and complications of pulmonary angiography

A

infection or bruising
allergic reaction or kidney damage
damage to a blood vessel
pulmonary embolism
short term abnormal heartbeats

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8
Q

it may be used to check blood flow to organs of abdomen such as liver and spleen

it may also be used to guide in the placement of medicine or other materials to treat cancer or bleeding in the abdomen

A

abdominal angiography

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9
Q

a connection between the arteries and veins that isn’t normal

A

arteriovenous malformation

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10
Q

stenosis or spasms of the blood vessel

A

vasospasm

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11
Q

problems includes in abdominal angiography

A

aneurysms
vasospasm
arteriovenous malformation
thrombus

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12
Q

blood clot within a blood vessel

A

thrombus

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13
Q

they make small incisions usually in abdomen and use needles and catheters to treat conditions inside the body

A

interventional radiologists

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14
Q

repair or unblocking of blood vessels

A

angioplasty

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15
Q

small mesh tubes that treat narrow or weak arteries

A

stenting

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16
Q

dissolving blood clots

A

thrombolysis

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17
Q

block blood flow to cancer cells

A

embolization

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18
Q

used to reduce nerve pain

A

radiofrequency ablation

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19
Q

study of tissues

A

biopsy

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20
Q

angioplasty also known as:

A

balloon angioplasty
percutaneous transluminal angioplasty

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21
Q

it is a minimally invasive endovascular procedure used to widen narrowed or obstructed arteries or veins, typically to treat arterial atherosclerosis

A

angiopasty

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22
Q

it is often placed during or immediately after angioplasty

it helps prevent the artery from closing up again

A

stent

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23
Q

is a tiny tube that a doctor can insert into a blocked passageway to keep it open

it restores the flow of blood or other fluids, depending on where it is placed

A

stent

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24
Q

stent _____ are larger stents used for larger arteries

A

stent grafts

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25
is a type of soft catheter with an inflatable balloon as its tip which is used during a catheterization procedure to enlarge a narrow opening or passage within the body
balloon catheter
26
preoperative medications __ hours before the procedure px is placed on _______ px should take medicine that prevents ________ px should hold _________ drugs like warfarin _________ (anti diabetic agent) should be discontinued
preoperative medications 24 hours before the procedure px is placed on aspirin px should take medicine that prevents vasospasm px should hold anticoagulant drugs like warfarin metformin (anti diabetic agent) should be discontinued
27
post procedure bed rest for _ to _ hours maintain legs in ______ position avoid _____ or _____ leg at hip level monitor ECG, VS and LOC _______ check below catheter insertion is fine
post procedure bed rest for 4 to 6 hours maintain legs in straight position avoid flexing or bending leg at hip level monitor ECG, VS and LOC neurovascular check below catheter insertion is fine
28
also known as thrombolytic therapy
thrombolysis
29
it is a treatment to dissolve dangerous blood clot in blood vessels, improve blood flow and prevent damage to tissues and organ
thrombolysis
30
uses of thrombolysis
deep vein thrombosis pulmonary embolus mesenteric ischemia stroke heart attack
31
is a serious condition that occurs when a blood clot forms in a vein located deep inside the body it is usually occurs in thigh or lower leg
deep vein thrombosis
32
is a blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries in lungs is caused by blood clots that travel to the lungs from deep veins in the legs or rarely from veins in other parts of the body
pulmonary embolism
33
occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted or reduced, preventing brain tissue from getting oxygen and nutrients
stroke
34
are caused when an artery is damaged by atherosclerosis fatty deposits build up on the walls of arteries and cause them to harden and narrow
arterial thrombosis
35
the risk factor for a blood clot in an artery include
eating a high fat diet
36
is a medical condition in which injury to the small intestine occurs due to not enough blood supply
mesenteric ischemia
37
excessive clotting ability
hypercoagulability
38
pooling of blood
stasis
39
2 ways clot busting agents can be given
through a peripheral IV through a catheter
40
too much clotting risks
overweight smoking birth control pills/pregnancy leg/hip injury surgery staying in one place for a long time
41
diagnosis of blood clot
utz venography mri ct scan ventilation perfusion
42
severe headaches
migraine
43
loss of memory
amnesia
44
slurred speech
dysarthria
45
dizziness
vertigo
46
double vision
diplopia
47
numbness
paresthesia
48
loss of balance
ataxia
49
bruise
ecchymosis
50
nearsighted
myopia
51
farsighted
hyperopia
52
abnormal heartbeat
arrhythmia
53
is a medical subspecialty that performs various minimally invasive procedures using medical imaging guidance
interventional radiology
54
IR performs both _____ and _____ procedures through very small incisions or body orifices
diagnostic and therapeutic
55
the main benefits of IR techniques are that they can ____________________________________________________
reach the deep structures of the body
56
_____ _____ visualization also allows precision guidance to the abnormality, making the procedure more accurate
real time visualization
57
elements to pass through the skin
puncture needle
58
elements to guide through structures such as blood vessels or the biliary or urinary systems
guidewires
59
elements which slides the guide wire and hole the path open without injuring it
sheath
60
elements that allow fluids to be pushed through them
catheters
61
is the imaging of the bile duct also known as the biliary tree by x-rays and an injection of cm
cholangiography
62
is a medical test commonly performed by a surgeon, interventional radiologist/cardiologist
biopsy
63
a process involves extraction of sample cells or tissues for examination to determine the presence or extent of a disease
biopsy
64
biopsy when an entire lump or suspicious area is removed
excisional biopsy
65
biopsy when samples a portion of the abnormal tissue without attempting to remove the entire lesion or tumor
incisional biopsy or core biopsy
66
biopsy when sample of tissue or fluid is removed with a needle in such a way that cells are removed without preserving the histological architecture of the tissue cells
needle aspiration biopsy
67
is a condition in which fluid collects in spaces within the abdomen
ascites
68
it can set the stage for an infection in the abdomen
ascites
69
is a medical procedure where a needle used to drain fluid that trapped in an internal body cavity that is most commonly found in the abdomen or belly
ascitic tap
70
____ ____ may be used to help determine the etiology of ascites
ascitic fluid
71
px prep for an ascitic tap
fasting stop taking medicines physical exam special blood tests
72
ascitic tap: the whole procedure including utz scanning to located the fluid, setting up instrument and placing the tube into position can take between __ to __ minutes
15 to 30 minutes
73
2 staff members in the room when doing ascitic tap
nurse doctor
74
RF ablation also called as
fulguration
75
is a medical procedure in which part of the electrical conduction system of the heart, tumor, or other dysfunctional tissue is ablated using the heat generated from medium frequency alternating current
radiofrequency ablation or fulguration
76
RF ablation specifically for pain is called ________
rhizotomy
77
it is a minimally invasive procedure that uses heat to reduce or to stop the transmission of pain
rhizotomy
78
is most commonly used to treat a spot of cancer that is causing problems such as pain or other discomfort and is generally not used as the primary treatment of cancers
RF ablation or fulguration
79
px that can undergo fulguration
trigeminal neuralgia spinal pain pain in neck cerebral palsy
80
5 types of physicians who performs RF ablation
physiatrists radiologists anesthesiologists neurologists surgeons
81
in fulguration, pain relief may last from _ months to _ years
9 months to 2 years
82
RF ablation is __ to __% effective in people who have successful nerve blocks
70 to 80%
83
is a sample of tissue taken from the body in order to examine it more closely
biopsy
84
most biopsies are this, meaning a needle is used to access the suspicious tissues
needle biopsy
85
biopsy when patient rests in a scanner, the scanner images will help doctors determine the exact position of the needle in the targeted tissue
CT guided biopsy
86
biopsy when an utz scanner helps a doctor direct the needle into the lesion
UTZ guided biopsy
87
biopsy when it is used to look for cancer of the bones this may be performed via the CT scan technique or by an orthopedic surgeion
bone biopsy
88
biopsy when a large needle is used to enter the pelvis bone to collect bone marrow this detect blood diseases such as leukemia or lymphoma
bone marrow biopsy
89
biopsy when a needle is injected into the liver through the skin on the belly, capturing liver tissue
liver biopsy
90
biopsy when a needle is injected through the skin on the back
kidney biopsy
91
biopsy when a needle withdraws material out of a mass
aspiration biopsy
92
aspiration biopsy also called as ___ _____ aspiration
fine needle aspiration
93
minimally invasive biopsy may be done in a _______ _____
doctor's clinic
94
more invasive biopsy may be done in _______, _____ center or specialized doctor's clinic
hospital, surgery center
95
are the doctors who specialized in diagnosing conditions based on tissue samples and other tests
pathologists

INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY (3 decks)

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