Midterms Flashcards
(24 cards)
Mongols
Nomads from Mongolia, they were united and lead by Ghengis Khan, and they conquered enormous territory. They were thought to be barbaric and harsh to the people they captured.
Kublai Khan
Grandson of Ghengis Khan, and continued his legacy by taking over China, and starting the Yuan Dynasty.
Justinian Code
Justinian assembled a panel of legal experts to combine 400 years of Roman law, and to create one single unified code, split into 4 volumes.
Constantine
A ruler of eastern Rome, he reunited the two halves of Rome, and moved the capitol to Byzantine, renaming it Constantinople.
Mandate of Heaven
The claim that an emperor or dynasty had the blessing of the gods, but a wicked or foolish king could lose this blessing, and when that happens, natural disasters occur.
Byzantium
The empire following Rome started out in the old Eastern Rome, but one of it’s emperors, Justinian, reclaimed Rome’s old territory in a series of military conquests.
Himilayas
A mountain range that goes through Pakistan, Nepal, and India, it contains Mt. Everest, and is a natural border. It helped the Chinese stay separated from outside influences.
Indian Subcontinent
A land mass otherwise known as India. A wall of high mountains seperates it from the rest of Asia.
Nicene Creed
Constantine ordered all bishops/priests to come together in a council in Nicene to established a creed of Christian belief in an effort to unite all Christians into one interpretation of Christ’s teachings.
Paul
An apostle who never met Jesus and was a skeptic until he had a vision of Christ and then spent the rest of his life spreading and interpreting Christ’s teachings. One of the gospels is made up of his letters.
Dynastic Cycle
A dynasty stays in power as long a they provide good government. When a dynasty abuses its power, it loses the Mandate of Heaven, and another dynasty takes its place.
Marco Polo
Marco Polo was a young Venetian trader who visited the Mongol Court in 1275. He served Kublai Khan for the next 17 years.
Hagia Sophia
Means “holy wisdom” in Greek. It’s the Cathedral of Holy Wisdom in Constantinople (now-a-day Istanbul). Built by the order of Emperor Justinian. It represented the union of the Byzantine government and the Christian church.
Ming Dynasty
Ruled China from 1368-1644 (276 years). China exerted political and cultural influence to its surrounding areas. It’s establishment was the end of Mongol rule in China. (Also rebuilt Great Wall)
Confucianism
A Chinese ethic system created by Confucius. Designed to bring order and harmony to society with emphasis on relationships and filial piety, or respect for your elders.
Roman Empire
A huge empire, originally a republican government, conquered most of the Known World. Was later ruled by emperors.
Song Dynasty
After the Tang Dynasty fell partially due to Mongol attacks, the Song Dynasty paid tribute to the Mongols. After being pushed across the Huang He river by manchurians, they established and new capitol and made multiple scientific and technological advancements. The Song Dynasty lasted for about 3 centuries.
Bushido
A significant part of Japanese culture, Bushido stressed devotion and readied soldiers for death. Samurais were respected, and greatly honored if they chose death over life. Bushido emphasized honor and respect, as well as doing what was right.
Great Wall
The Great Wall is made up of many different walls built, rebuilt, and restored over the dynasties and centuries. These walls surround China, and were created to protect China from the Mongols. Shi Huangdi was determined to close the gaps and extend the wall almost all the way around the Chinese Empire. Thousands died during the building of the Great Wall of China. The peasants had the choice to either work on the Wall, or be killed. Because of the horrible conditions, the majority of the people who worked on the Wall died anyway.
Genghis Khan
A Mongol leader who united his nomads to conquer almost all of the Known World. He creating the largest empire in history. He was civilized, orderly, and tolerant when it came to politics and his people. But when it came to conquering, he was extremely barbaric, creating a genocidal society.
How do geography, climate, and natural resources influence lifestyle and perspective?
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In what ways have religion dictated peoples movement and actions?
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How is power gained, used, and justified?
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How do economic exchange and cultural exchange impact a society’s development.
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