(Midterms) MedOrg Quiz Pt.2

Question 1

The standard to which most germicidal substances
are compared to

Answer 1

Phenol

Question 2

True or False:

If activity is equal or greater than phenol = effective germicide / anti-infective agent

Answer 2

TRUE

Since Phenol is the STANDARD of germicidal activity

Question 3

True or False (for phenols)

○ Low concentration = cause lysis of bacterial cell membranes
○ High concentration = denature bacterial proteins

Answer 3

False

○ Low concentration = denature bacterial proteins
○ High concentration = cause lysis of bacterial cell membranes

Question 4

Ratio of a dilution of a given
test disinfectant to the dilution of phenol that is required
to kill (to the same extent) a strain of Salmonella typhi; a
numerical value

Answer 4

PHENOL COEFFICIENT

Question 5

For phenols, subtitution w/ _____, ______, and ______ groups increase bactericidal activity

Answer 5

Alkyl, Aryl, Halogen (para)

Question 5

Tendency of phenol when applied to the skin

Answer 5

Caustic, can cause burns

Which is why Phenol should be diluted first

Question 6

Phenol use

Answer 6

Either antispetic or disinfectant, but now OBSOLETE (out of date) no longer used cus many more options better

Question 7

Phenol containing 10% water

Answer 7

Liquefied Phenol, USP

Question 8

Phenol color in laboratory

Phenol coefficient of Phenol

Answer 8

Pink solution

1

Question 8

Drawback of Cresol

Answer 8

UNPLEASANT ODOR

Not used alone, combined with other
ingredients due to its odor.

Question 9

mixture of three isomeric methylphenols

Answer 9

Cresol

Question 10

Cresol color

Phenol coefficient of Cresol

Answer 10

yellow to brownish-yellow liquid that has a characteristic odor of creosote

2.5

Question 11

used as an antiseptic and
keratolytic

Answer 11

Resorcinol (m-dihydroxybenzene)

Question 11

Thymol came from?

Answer 11

Oil of Thymus vulgaris

Question 11

Use of Thymol

Answer 11

Mild antifungal for tinea (ringworm) infections

Question 12

Chem name of thymol

Answer 12

Isopropyl m-cresol

Question 13

Eugenol chem name

Eugenol came from?

Answer 13

4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol

From Clove Oil

Question 14

Eugenol is used to?

Phenol coefficient of Eugenol

Answer 14

Relieve toothaches (Dentifrice)

14.4

Question 15

liberation of oxygen in the tissues (___________)
to denature proteins (__________).

Answer 15

Peroxides
Permanganates

Question 16

Oxidizing agents are especially effective against ________ and can be used in cleansing ____________ ____________

Answer 16

anaerobic bacteria
contaminated wounds

Question 17

Limitation of H2O2

Answer 17

poor tissue penetrability & transient action

Question 17

Particularly active against anaerobic bacteria and Used in the cleansing of contaminated wounds

Answer 17

Hydrogen Peroxide

Question 18

Color Red H2O2 is for what?

Color Blue H2O2 is for what?

Answer 18

RED = 3% / 10 volumes (1ml release 10 ml oxygen) = antiseptic

BLUE = 6% / 20 volumes (1ml release 20 ml oxygen) = bleaching agent

Question 19

Stable complex of urea and hydrogen peroxide

Releases hydrogen peroxide when mixed with water

Answer 19

Carbamide Peroxide

Question 20

Use of Carbamide Peroxide

Answer 20

Used as both an antiseptic and disinfectant

Question 20

Most effective topical OTC agent for the control of acne

Answer 20

Hydrous Benzoyl Peroxide

Question 21

Hydrous Benzoyl Peroxide is compounded at what percentage? it is what type of agent?

Answer 21

5% and 10% KERATOLYTIC and KERATOGENIC agent ○ Keratolytic – remove skin infected with acne ○ Keratogenic – induces the formation of new skin cells

Question 22

MOA of Hydrous Benzoyl Peroxide

Answer 22

Induces proliferation of epithelial cells, leading to sloughing and repair

Question 23

One of the oldest known germicides in use today

Answer 23

IODINE

Question 24

* Preparations that contain iodine and chlorine

Answer 24

HALOGEN-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS

Question 25

Iodine preparations: * ___________________ – 2% Iodine in 50% alcohol with NaI * ___________________ – 5% Iodine in water with KI * ___________________ – 2% Iodine in water with NaI

Answer 25

Iodine Tincture Lugol's Solution/Strong Iodine Solution Iodine Solution

Question 26

Complexes of iodine and nonionic surfactants

Answer 26

Iodophors

Question 26

Iodine acts to inactivate proteins by ______________ and _______________

Answer 26

iodination of aromatic residues AND oxidation

Question 27

complex with the nonionic surfactant polymer, ________________

Answer 27

POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE (PVP)

Question 27

Halazone is used to what?

Answer 27

disinfect drinking water

Question 27

Halazone MOA

Answer 27

chlorination of amide in proteins and oxidation of –SH groups.

Question 28

Iodine complex with the nonionic surfactant polymer,POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE (PVP)

Answer 28

Povidone-Iodine (Betadine)

Question 28

compounds that slowly release HOCl in water

Answer 28

N-chloro

Question 28

CATIONIC SURFACTANTS MOA

Answer 28

adsorb onto the surface of the bacterial cell, at which they cause lysis

Question 29

Quaternary ammonium compounds that ionize in water and exhibit surface-active properties

Answer 29

CATIONIC SURFACTANTS

Question 30

CATIONIC SURFACTANTS is inactivated by?

Answer 30

Inactivated by soaps and other anionic detergents

Question 31

Benzalkonium Chloride

Answer 31

Used as a detergent, emulsifying and wetting agent CLEANING NAILS (replaced Merthiolate)

Question 32

Benzalkonium Chloride is used with 0.5% __________

Answer 32

Sodium Nitrate

Question 33

BN Methylbenzethonium Chloride Use

Answer 33

* Diaparene® * Used specifically for treating diaper rash in infants (Candida albicans – produces ammonia)

Question 34

* Used as a general antiseptic * Formulation: throat lozenges and mouthwashes * FDA approved for the treatment of gingivitis

Answer 34

CETYLPYRIDINIUM CHLORIDE

Question 35

● Used as irrigation solution and as mouthwash ● Not absorbed through skin or mucus membrane and does not cause systemic toxicity

Answer 35

Chlorhexidine

Question 36

GN of Bactidol

Answer 36

Hexetidine Chemically different, do not dilute w/ water. - Gargle with the concentrated bottle