MIDTERMS Reporting Flashcards
1
Q
A reductive reading of (HV) seeks to limit its appeal to a ban on contraception. In truth, however, it offers a vision of human sexuality and conjugal love with broad and enduring relevance.
A
Humanae vitae
2
Q
T or F
Nurses have a voice in advocating human sexuality
A
TRUE
3
Q
Socially & legaly recognized union
A
Marriage
4
Q
single partner relationship
A
Monogamy
5
Q
Union of woman with 2 or more men
A
Polyandry
6
Q
Union of men with 2 or more women
A
Polygyny
7
Q
marriage of two people of the same sex or gender
A
Same-sex marriage
8
Q
o romantic and sexual attraction, or sexual behavior between people of the opposite sex or gender
A
Heterosexuality
9
Q
o is romantic and sexual attraction, or sexual behavior between members of the same sex or gender
A
Homosexuality
10
Q
o a union that is legally recognized and has rights comparable to those of marriage, originally developed for same-sex couples in places where getting married was illegal.
A
Civil Partnership
11
Q
o a legal connection between two people that gives the couple state-level legal protection.
A
Civil Union
12
Q
o a binding contract between two individuals who intend to wed.
A
Marriage Contract
13
Q
o a pledge that a marriage will occur.
A
Betrothal
14
Q
o an intentional end to a couple’s cohabitation
A
Divorce
15
Q
If valued religion or anti-divorced, the answer must be aligned on the perspective of the
A
individual (NOT OWN PERSPECTIVE OR STAND)
16
Q
“Wag mo sabihin sa iba…” – report or not report?
A
o REPORT (life & death)
current situation and findings
to the healthcare worker of the team
17
Q
The creation of new life by other than the natural means available to an organism
A
Artificial Reproduction
18
Q
Common Method for Artificial Reprodu
A
IVF
19
Q
o Is the joining of a woman’s egg and a man’s sperm in a laboratory dish. In vitro means outside the body. Fertilization means the sperm has attached to and entered the egg.
o Special medical techniques are used to help a woman become pregnant. It is most often tried when other, less expensive fertility techniques have failed.
A
In vitro fertilization (IVF)
20
Q
Artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, and surrogate motherhood is immoral
because
A
they involve sexual acts that are procreative, but not unitive
21
Q
3 criteria for AR…
Morally correct if:
1. Quality of consent obtained from parents are
2. ____ of parents are also assessed.
3. Use of implication of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis
A
well facilitated
Motivation
22
Q
Both parents agrees but not legally binded will consent will be acceptable?
A
legal protocol to say that we cannot conceived baby if hindi kasal
23
Q
Problems artificial created babies
A
o Not pro-creative
o Religious
24
Q
Did not undergo of coceiving babies where there is a barrier
A
o Not pro-creative
25
If cannot conceived baby, so just accept your fate
o Religious
26
Sexual and Reproductive health need must be integrated into primary Health Care Strategies to achieve (uhc)
universal health coverage
27
Intentional prevention of conception
Allows a couple to enjoy a physical relationship without fear of an unwanted pregnancy and ensures enough freedom to have children when desired.
Contraception
28
If you’re in a heterosexual, monogamous relationship and have decided not to have any/more children, then you and your partner might be weighing up your options around permanent contraception methods
sterilisation
contraception
Sterilization
29
2 Contraception Methods
o Hormonal Method
o Barrier Method
30
2 types of Sterilization
tubal ligation and vasectomy
31
involves making an incision in the abdominal wall, locating the fallopian tubes and closing them.
inserting a small coil into the fallopian tube via a catheter through the vagina
OR
tubal ligation
32
blocking of the sperm reaching the semen that is ejaculated from the penis
CLINIC
vasectomy
33
two ends of the vas deferens are sealed
closed ended vasectomy
34
the end connected to the testicles is left open, which allows the sperm to freely escape into the intra-scrotal space
open ended vasectomy
35
Do we need 2 consent in vasectomy and tubal ligation?
Yes BUT person who will undergo LANG ang pipirma
o Acknowledge lang naman yung isa
36
If you reached maximum children number, mandatory procedure
o Before implementing everyone must be aware of situation. Dilemma is happening IF?
if nag exceed sa maximum number but hindi pwede mag abortion
37
Do you think Sterilization can happen if there is an emergency situation medically needed, no spousal consent?
o If medically needed, consent of spouse is NOT required
38
a doctor inserts sperm directly into a woman's cervix, fallopian tubes, or uterus.
The procedure can be used for many kinds of fertility problems. In cases involving male infertility, it's often used when there's a very low sperm count or when sperm aren't strong enough to swim through the cervix and up into the fallopian tubes
Artificial Insemination
39
The most common method in Artificial Insemination is called
"intrauterine insemination (IUI)"
40
— a type of artificial insemination — is a procedure for treating infertility.’
Intrauterine insemination (IUI)
41
– the sperm is placed directly inside the cervix, using a needless syringe. The sperm does not need to be washed, as with IUI, because the semen is not being directly placed inside the uterus. However, it may be pre-washed to increase the chances of success.
Intracervical insemination (ICI)
42
Do you think selection of donor is determining factor for couple?
o Validity of data
43
How frequent success rate
o 10% and pwede ulitin for 3 times
o If hindi parin successful, proceed to IVF
44
does Union of sperm and egg cell that develop embryo
o Yes there is life.
45
the direct modification of an organism’s genome, which is the list of specific traits (genes) stored in the DNA.
Genetic Engineering
46
Organisms created by genetic engineering
genetically modified organisms (GMOs)
47
How does genetic ginagawa?
o Through certain injection
48
Of all the application, what is the most important application that has a very low principle dilemme
o MEDICAL – Lessen prevention of cancer or diseases that will be beneficial as you get older
o FOOD – benefit us since it is safe
49
a birth control method without pills or contraceptives
Natural family planning
50
a. You would avoid unprotected sex on days 8 through 19 of your mesntrual cycle, since that’s when you’re most fertile.
b. Ovulation usually happens around day 14
1. Rhythm Method
51
a. You write down what your mucus is like each day so you know when you're ovulating.
b. When you're ovulating, your mucus is clear, stretchy, and wet, like raw egg whites.
2. Cervical Mucus or Ovulation Method
52
a. Your temperature can rise between 0.5 and 1 degree when you ovulate. With this method, you take your temperature before you get out of bed each morning, before you have anything to eat or drink.
b. BBT by itself isn't a good way to prevent pregnancy, because charting your temperature tells you when ovulation has already happened.
3. Basal Body Temperature (BBT) Method
53
a. The symptothermal method is charting your temperature before getting out of the bed and also noting your cervical mucus.
4. Symptothermal Method
54
can be defined as any product, procedure or practice that uses artificial or unnatural means to prevent pregnancy
Artificial contraception
55
also known as birth control pills and it is taken orally by women. It contains estrogen and progesterone which suppresses ovulation. (inhibit the release of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone)
o Oral Contraceptives
56
has a combination of both estrogen and progesterone in the form of a patch. It is applied every week on the upper outer arm, upper torso, abdomen, or buttocks.
o Transdermal Patch
57
- - These are implants embedded under the skin of the woman during her menses or on the 7th day of her menstruation to make sure that she is not pregnant. (contraceptive implant (lasts up to 3 years))
o Subdermal Implants
58
- These are given once every 12 weeks intramuscularly to inhibit ovulation.
o Hormonal Injections
59
any sexual act, attempt to obtain a sexual act, or other act directed against a person's sexuality using coercion, by any person regardless of their relationship to the victim, in any setting
Morality of Rape
60
An Act Expanding the Definition of the Crime of Rape and Reclassifying the same as Crime Against Persons.
Republic Act No. 8353
61
T or F
Rape is act of violence not action
T
62
T or F
Ethical component > legal basis
T
63
T or F
There is always a balance of ethical and legal basic on rape
T
64
T or F
Safety and Justice will always prevail
T
65
structural changes present at birth that can affect almost any part or parts of the body
Birth defects
65
4 Types of Birth Defects
G, C, S, F
Genetic deformities
Congenital deformities
Structural deformities
Functional deformities
66
o hereditary, outcome from the carrier of defective gene.
Genetic deformities
Congenital deformities
Structural deformities
Functional deformities
Genetic deformities
67
o defects or malformations present at birth; not due to genetic material but physical damage during fetal development.
Genetic deformities
Congenital deformities
Structural deformities
Functional deformities
Congenital deformities
68
o birth defects are abnormalities in the structure of body parts. Examples of structural birth defects include cleft palate, heart defects, club foot, missing or abnormal limbs, etc. Most defects develop in the earliest weeks of pregnancy when all of the organs and the skeleton are forming. The most common birth defects are heart defects.
Genetic deformities
Congenital deformities
Structural deformities
Functional deformities
Structural deformities
69
are problems in how a body system works.
Functional deformities
70
In terms of screening, it can easily detect there is deformities. In terms of ethical considerations, do we have nurses a control to say to parents to stop creating a baby since high ang risk for deformities?
o Education is the key. Lets not stop a parents to reproduce
71
In perspective of baby, do you think it is fair that the parents know the outcome will result to birth deformities?
o Once living, it is the parent’s responsibility to give knowledge to the child.
72
When will you detect mother will form deformity?
o 1st trimester (prenatal check up)
73
Upon ultrasound nalaman na wala na magiging kamay ang baby then yung father gusto ipaabort yung bata. As nurse, what will you do?
o We cannot intervene on parent’s choice but we will give educate them with possible options and treatment
74
Do you think deformities are equal to health?
o As long you feel health then you are healthy
75
provide comfort and support; whether you are refer to palliative expert physician, you are not dying
palliative
76
T or F
Not all palliative patient will proceed to end-of-life
T
77
1-BEREAVEMENT
2-PREVENTION
3-PALLIATIVE
4-HOSPICE
3, 2, 4, 1
78
is the practice of ending the life of a patient to limit the patient’s suffering. The patient in question would typically be terminally ill or experiencing great pain and suffering
Euthanasia
79
The idea is that instead of condemning someone to a slow, painful, or undignified death, euthanasia would allow the patient to experience a relatively “gd.”
good death
80
killing a patient by active means, for example, injecting a patient with a lethal dose of a drug. Sometimes called “aggressive” euthanasia
Active euthanasia
81
intentionally letting a patient die by withholding artificial life support such as a ventilator or feeding tube. Some ethicists distinguish between withholding life support and withdrawing life support (the patient is on life support but then removed from it).
Passive euthanasia
82
with the consent of the patient.
Voluntary euthanasia
83
without the consent of the patient, for example, if the patient is unconscious and his or her wishes are unknown.. Some ethicists distinguish between “involuntary” (against the patient’s wishes) and “nonvoluntary” (without the patient’s consent but wishes are unknown) forms
Involuntary euthanasia
84
is the last will be remove if you died
Auditory
85
o Doctor will call all relatives, multidisciplinary team will discussed together with the religion to have a good decision for the patient
MEDICAL JUNTA
86
The fact or quality of being safe or protected from attack, infringement, destruction, or interference: The inviolability of diplomatic agents is one of the long and well-recognized rules of international law
Inviolability
87
The inviolability of life principle permits the _____ & ______ of lifeprolonging treatment that is not worthwhile because it is futile or too burdensome for the patient.
withholding and withdrawing
88
o Person is assissting other person to commit a suicide
Inviolability
89
Are you agree to the stand a patient should be protected with this principle?
o We should protect life. We don’t have the right.
90
Inviolability is Happening in Philippines. How can we detect?
o Terminally ill tapos dinadown pa sila nung paligid nila
o Administering unecessary in the patient will affect the patient’s health
91
the term for futile or useless treatment, which does not benefit a terminal patient
Also known as Therapeutic Obstinacy
lengthens dying process
Dysthanasia
92
also called passive euthanasia
refers to the art of promoting a humane and correct death
bioethical principles and the delivery of humanized care should be the foundation of nursing care.
does not aim to shorten the patient's life nor prolong the agony, rather the objective is only to formalize an irreversible situation of inevitable death at its own pace; with dignity, sans suffering.
Prolonging life eventhough unecessary
Orthotanasia
93
Medication administration occurs when medical professionals give their patients the medication they're prescribed.
Administration of Drugs to the Dying
94
How Long Does it Take to Administer Medication?
It will likely only take you a few minutes to administer medication per patient.
95
7 RIGHTS OF MEDICATIONS
PMTDRID
Right Patient
Right Medictaion
Right Time
Right Dose
Right Route
Right Information (Client Education)
Right Documentation
96
Orthotanasia and Dystanasia are kabaliktaran ng
Euthanasia
97
Why against Dystanasia?
o Maraming cons in terms of quality of life
o Madaming nasasayang na resources
o Gives a lot of suffering to the patient without possibility na they will heal
98
What is the difference of Orthotanasia in Dystanasia?
o HUMANE – act in a kind sympathetic way towards other people and try to do them as little harm as possible
99
You need nutrition support. We need to try if kaya mo ang oral intake. If ang insight is dystanasia what do you do?
(prolonging life), “ bakit hindi nalang ipadaan sa IV?” (you are looking for another alternative option, yung may assurance na mabubuhay ka ng walang problema at safe. You will not risk anything baka may mangyaring masama sayo)
100
You need nutrition support. We need to try if kaya mo ang oral intake. If ang insight is orthotanasia what do you do?
always select conservative way. In nutrition theraphy as long as you can tolerate eating on your own that is the best option.
101
It is force na ibinibigay sa patient na hindi naman kailangan pero in order to have extended life we need to give it eventhough alam na natin malapit na sya mapunta sa end-of-life
Dystanasia
101
We let natural course of death happen. Tinatanggal lang natin is yung pain na hindi naman need ni patient.
Best to give to terminally ill patient.
We give them to comfortable life
We let relatives go to acceptance stage
We are giving proper dignity to the patient
o Orthotanasia
102
You are already dying, in principle of Dystanasia,
o In dystanasia, will patient agree if there is consequence/side effect in medication that will be given?
Yes as long as mawawala yung pain and marerelieve si patient
103
You are already dying, in principle of Orthotanasia,
o In orthotanasia, will patient agree if there is consequence/side effect in medication that will be given?
Guaranting patient’s life
Controling uncomfortable experience na meron si patient
* If hindi dagdag sa current na nararamdaman ni patient ang side effect at kaya lang edi go
Think of the patient, if px is feeling severe then give the medication para malessen yun
104
Is it morally okay to give medication to dying person
o Less pain
o Sustain comfort
105
When do you think administering to a dying patient is unethical?
o No consent – Ayaw ng patient or relative (autonomy)
o Very unethical to do it – Hindi appropriate medication
106
Doctors can always refuse to comply with your wishes
are not only for old people, but also available for younger adults
can express both what you want and what you don't want
Advance Directives
107
Remember that the DNR is only a decision for
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
108
term used to describe the support and medical care given during the time surrounding death
End-of-life care
109
improving quality of life and helping with symptoms
It can help patients understand their choices for medical treatment
Palliative Care
110
it provides comprehensive comfort care as well as support for the family but attempts to cure the person's illness are stopped.
Hospice Care
111
Can we withdraw anytime?
o Yes.
Patient have the right to change their mind and we need to respect it (autonomy)
No hard rule in hospital
112
How can you say that the change of mind is capable or valid
o Don’t let emotions let decide on you
113
Kung walang advance directives, we need to talk to relatives.
o Legal guardian or Proxy can change the decision for the patient since siya may alam kung ano yung tama for the patient.
114
Part of plan in End-of-Life is donation of organs?
o It is ethical to promote transplant in End-of-Life
o Utilitarianism – common good for majority
Organ transplant can benefit and save more lives
o Organ transplant is free to give
115
What if that part of advance directive and end-of-life care, ayaw ng relative…
o Family is just there to support you
o But the patient is the one who can choose what to do in his/her life
116
Whenever a person is dying, do you think it is applicable to give food to a patient?
o Part parin sa Hospice Care Plan
o Responsibility to take care and treat them equally
o Give only small amount of food
117
experts advise families to avoid such a "food struggle" by allowing your loved one to eat what they want when they want. Withholding nutrition at the end of life and not eating can actually help reduce discomfort from a weakened, digestive system.
Hospice
118
also referred to as focal brain stimulation (FBS), is a form of electrotherapy used as a technique in research and clinical neurobiology to stimulate a neuron or neural network in the brain through the direct or indirect excitation of its cell membrane by using an electric current.
o Electrical brain stimulation
119
o is a movement disorder that causes the muscles to contract involuntarily
Dystonia
120
o is a brain disorder that causes unintended or uncontrollable movements, such as shaking, stiffness, and difficulty with balance and coordination.
Parkinson's Disease
121
o is a chemical released in the brain that makes you feel good. Having the right amount of dopamine is important both for your body and your brain.
helps nerve cells to send messages to each other.
Dopamine
122
used as a radical therapeutic measure intended to calm patients with mental illnesses like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Lobotomy
123
posed the risk of serious complications, including bleeding in the brain, dementia, and death
Lobotomies
124
1st Technique of Lobotomy
(through the skull)
o Prefrontal lobotomy
125
2nd Technique of Lobotomy
(through the eye socket)
o Transorbital lobotomy
126
o Is a facility that offers specialized inpatient treatment for mental health conditions.
MENTAL HOSPITAL
127
A feeling of hatred towards something with a desire to avoid or turn from it.
AVERSION
128
type of behavioral therapy that involves repeated pairing of unwanted behavior/addiction with discomfort/negative stimuli (based on classical conditioning)
AVERSION THERAPY
129
Aversion therapy uses conditioning but focuses on creating a
negative response to an undesirable stimulus
130
Do you think controlling behavior to use contraceptive devices is ethical?
o Not to be mandated because some people don’t approved on contraceptive.
131
In present time, do you think lobotomy will be ethically correct even madaming technologies now?
o Not ethically correct. There are more noninvasive way to treat patient. Maraming patient na ang gumagaling through therapies
132
In aversion therapy, you are stimulating sound not nice in order to divert that habit, you are putting into a punishment. Do you think it is ethical to put negativity so you can divert another negativity activity or habit?
o It is ethically wrong to risk out patient by harming through negative stimuli, para lang mastop yung addiction. But there is no assurance that it will be effective habang nasa loob ng hospital but pag sa labas hindi naman natin sya maccontrol
133
T or F
Note in behavioral modification there are chances that it will NOT work---" there is no assurance "this is a consideration for ethical decision-making.
T
134
Individual sense that there is a moral problem, but are not sure of the morally correction action
Moral Uncertainty
135
Exist when a difficult problem seems to have no satisfactory solution or when all solutions to a problem appear to be equally favorable
Moral / Ethical Dilemmas
136
claims have greater weight than claims
Moral - Nonmoral
137
Arises when the nurse knows the morally correct action and feels a responsibility to the patient, but institutional or other restraints make it nearly impossible to follow through with appropriate actions
Explain mabuti
Moral Distress
138
Occurs when someone else in the health care setting performs an act the nurse believes to be immoral
Moral Outrage
139
Making simple Decision
G - CO - C- WMEO - MC
Gathering – Comparing Options – Using Some Criteria – Weighing the merit of each option – Make choice
140
T or F
Evaluation of outcomes or circumstances surrounding the choice provides less data regarding the rightness of the choice
F more
141
3 options in in day to day life
SM
SP
EDM
Simple Method
Scientific Process
Ethical Decision Making
142
Nursing Process
* Assessment
* Diagnosis
* Planning
* Implementation
* Evaluation
143
T or F
Making thoughtful decisions in any arena follows a pattern that includes gathering data, comparing options based on criteria, making and acting on a choice, and evaluating outcomes of circumstances surrounding the choice.
T
