Migration, Identity and Sovereignty - Set 1 Flashcards
Centripetal migration
Movement of people directed towards the centre of urban areas
Migration patterns in China
]open door policies in 1978 which allowed China to embrace globalisation
- Urban migrants move from Qinghai Provence in the West to costal cities such as Beijing
- Rural migrants moving from Guizhou in the South to smaller cities in Central China
- 400 million people moved to cities in 30 years
What is an urban Hukou - China
rural migrants moving into larger cities - these are legal migrants who have applied to move within the country
Pros of Chinese migration
Few sums = successful controlling of the rapid pop increase
Urban unemployment low at 3%
Cons of Chinese migaration
Energy intensity consumption is 7 times higher than Japan
Income gap between villages and cities is very wide
EU Schengen agreement
- Elimination of borders within Europe
- took effect in 1995 with 22 countries involved
Which EU countries have the highest pop’s born in other EU states
Germany = 3.3 million
Spain = 2.3 million
UK = 2.3 million
Pros of the Schengen agreement
Everyone has same identity = more cohesive
Easier movement of goods and people which filled job gaps
Cons of the Schengen agreement
Not everyone involved - e.g. UK
Illegal migrants can move freely throughout the nation - led to far right movements in Germany etc
Terrorism threatens Schengen agreement
Sept 2015 a number of nations e.g. Germany and Norway reimposed border checks due to…
2015 Paris attacks
2016 Nice truck explosion
2017 Barcelona attacks
Australia’s migration policies
Point’s system for economic migrants
2013, ONLY 190,000 migrants granted access to AUS - Known as the ‘white Australia policy’
Japan migration policy
Nationality laws make it hard for foreigners to get in
less than 2% of the Pop is foreign
Facing an ageing pop with 3 workers per two retirees by 2060
Neoclassic economic theory
Wage differences, which cause migration flows from low wage to high wage areas
World systems theory
Former colonies stay reliant on their former colonial superpower
How have tensions risen within the EU with it’s neighbors
right wing parties e.g. Frances national front are becoming popular
Huge numbers of refugees have caused tensions within the EU
Identity
A sense of nation as a cohesive whole, represented by distinctive traditions, culture and language
Sovereignty
Ability of a place to self-govern without any outside interference
UK’s ethnic composition
From 2011-2021 the no. of residents from ethnic backgrounds has risen by 1.7%
Ethnicity
Shared identity of an ethnic group, which can be based on cultural traits
Assimilation
adoption of cultural traits belonging to the host country
Segregated groups in the UK
– Highly segregated –
- Bangladeshi and Pakistani
– Lowly segregated –
- Irish and Chinese
Some are segregated a religion and diets force them to live in certain areas
