migration orientation mechanisms Flashcards
what kind of taxis do fly maggots have
phototaxis and klinotaxis
how do sharks orient themselves
geomagnetic anomalies cause them to move in a strange pattern
how do magnets affect homing pigeons
when magnets are attached to the pigeons, it disrupts their orientation when the sun is not visible
can birds use star patterns to correct their orientation to the earth’s magnetic field
birds accept the artificial magnetic field direction as the true earth’s magnetic field
if you make the artificial field strong enough, they will follow that instead
what do birds use first and second when orienting themselves
- sun
- magnetic field
what is solar menotaxis (sanchi’s mirror experiments)
ant sees sun from opposite direction when a mirror in front of it so it goes the other direction
follows direction of sun
how do animals find the sun when they can’t see it
polarized light
what is circadian rhythm
clock with a cycle of approx one day
what is circannual rhythm
clock with a cycle of approx one year
what is endogenous rhythm
biological clocks that keep time without needing external input
ex: flowering bamboo, clunio midge
how does the clock work
positive and negative feedback loops of transcription and translation of clock genes and clock protein
phosphorylation of clock proteins play a major role because this takes a set amount of time
how does CaMKII gene tie into biological clocks
correlates with different endogenous rhythms
what are exogenous clocks
biological clocks that require external input (cannot run on their own)
what is zeitgeber
“time giver”: information that helps to reset a biological clock
what is entrainment
resetting a biological clock in synchrony with external cues
