Minerals

Question 1

Calcium

Answer 1

-helps blood clot after an injury
-correct function of muscles and nerves
-maintenance of bones and teeth
-gives hardness and strength to bones and teeth (calcium+ phosphorous=calcium phosphate)

Sources:
-nuts and seeds
-milk, cheese, yoghurt
-green leafy veg

too little may result in rickets, osteoporosis and osteomalacia

Question 2

Phosophorous

Answer 2

-gives strength and hardness to bones and teeth
-formation, development and maintenance of bones and teeth
-production of energy by releasing energy from the cells

sources:
-milk, cheese and eggs
-meat
-nuts

Question 3

Iron

Answer 3

-a component of the Haemoglobin. the substance which gives red blood calls their colour.
-haemoglobin is require to transport oxygen around the body
-needed to form red blood cells

sources:
-red meat
-green leafy veg
-cocoa. plain chocolate

too little: lack of haemoglobin being produces- causing anaemia. Breathlessness ad tiredness

Question 4

Sodium

Answer 4

-water balance (maintains the correct fluid balance in the body)
-needed by cell walls so nutrients in the blood can flow into cells and waste products can flow out

source:
-table salt
-bacon
-cheese

too little can lead to muscle cramps

too much can cause hypertension, leading to Coronary heart disease

Question 5

Fibre

Answer 5

-absorbs water
-aids removal of waste products
-prevents bowel disorders (constipation, bowel cancer and diverticular disease)

sources:
-oats
-wholegrain products
-most fruit and veg

too much can impact the absorption of calcium and iron

Question 6

water

Answer 6

-required for all body fluids
-lubricates joints and membranes
-helps regulate temperature by perspiration

sources:
-fruit and veg
-tap water and bottled water
-meat

too little can cause dehydration and bowel disorders