Mines - coal and iron

Question 1

Fast revolution meant…

Answer 1

More inventions for efficiency needed

Question 2

Coal

Answer 2

Used for steam engine
Powered factories and transportation
Melted iron for materials

Question 3

Iron

Answer 3

Used in construction of new machinery and household items

Grew in efficiency

Question 4

Coal mines before

Answer 4

Charcoal was cheap and easy to mine
Small amounts of coal on surface
Drift mines and bell pits
Local
Bell pit was a rope system
Drift mine was wood and digging straight

Question 5

After - Mine workers

Answer 5

Paid for how much they mined not the hours due to lack of money in industry to pay everyone
-Whole family wold mine
- children no school
-lived in property of owners

Question 6

Mine roles - Hewer

Answer 6

Mine coal from seam with hand tools with hard pick in 60cm tunnel with one candle

Question 7

Getter

Answer 7

Women
Shovel hewer coal into tubs or corves (baskets) on their knees

Question 8

Thruster

Answer 8

Girls with hurrier
Hurrier would pull tub, thruster would push
Lose hair from pushing with forehead
Younger children together older ones on their own

Question 9

Hurrier

Answer 9

Wear belts with chain between legs to be lifted to surface and pull

Question 10

Trapper

Answer 10

Youngest child
5
Opened wooden ventilation doors when hurriers would arrive
Whole ventilation system depended on them
one door left open would starve all of air
Boring and lonely and in darkness

Question 11

long term working conditions

Answer 11

Physical damage due to 150 kilos of coal on back

Question 12

deepness

Answer 12

Flooding daily
Explosive gas - fire damps - sparks from pick axe
Confined space
Rats and mice expanded even in lack of food shortage

Question 13

Long hours

Answer 13

No breaks
Pregnant woman had to work until birth
Babies born in mines not uncommonly

Question 14

Towns near mines…

Answer 14

grew to unimaginable levels and made cities

Question 15

Improvement

Answer 15

Steam engine - Used inf acotries and transportation
Steam pump - Pumped water out
Ventilation - Circulated air - avoided explosions
Safety lamp - Safe no fire
Conveyer belt - reduced manual labour

Question 16

Killed how

Answer 16

Falling down shaft
Being hit with fallen coal
Falling out of bucket after shift
Flooding
Drowning
Crushed by trollies
Killed by explosions
Suffocation of poisonous gas
Increased over the years due to amount of workers despite inventions

Question 17

Women and children

Answer 17

Were the preferred workers
No apy or little pay
Easier to manage
Cared little for risk compared to men
Lots of children

Question 18

Childrens health

Answer 18

Lung and airway damage
Due to inhaling dangerous gases and not enough oxygen
Long hours
Lack of sleep
Infection from cuts
Little mental development from darkness and long hours
Eye damage
Ill from exertion
Roof collapses

Question 19

Inventions

Answer 19

Thomas Buddle - Steam pump 1807
Dany lamp it was known as
Removed gas and provided oxygen, diluted, prevented flooding
Pull piston up to fill with air, releases compressed

Thomas Newcomen
Atmospheric steam engine
1712 - Pump water out of mines, powered by steam