Minimal questions Protozoology

Question 1

What are the development stages of the protozoa?

Answer 1

Trophozoit and cyst

Question 2

What are the properties of the trophozoit?

Answer 2

Can move, feed, multiply and die

Question 3

What are the properties of the cyst?

Answer 3

Is responsible for surviving in unfavourable environment, not showing biochemical activity is a dormant structure

Question 4

How can the protozoa be classified?

Answer 4

Bu the type of movement: amoeba, ciliate, flagellate and sporozoa

Question 5

List two amoebas:

Answer 5

Entamoaeba sp.,
Acantamoeba sp.,
Naegleria sp.

Question 6

What is the causative agent of amoebic dysentery?

Answer 6

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 7

What can Entamoeba histolytica cause?

Answer 7

Amoebic dysentery, liver, lung and brain abscess.

Question 8

What is the causative agent of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis?

Answer 8

Naegleria fowleri

Question 9

What is the causative agent of amoebic keratitis?

Answer 9

Acanthamoeba castellani

Question 10

Which protozoa can cause steatorrhea?

Answer 10

Giardia lamblia

Question 11

What is the treatment of giardiasis?

Answer 11

Metronidazole

Question 12

Which protozoon can cause prostatitis?

Answer 12

Trichomonas vaginalis

Question 13

Which protozoon can spread by sexual contact?

Answer 13

Trichomonas vaginalis

Question 14

Which protozoa can spread by the bite of sand fly?

Answer 14

Leishmania sp.

Question 15

What kind of disease can be caused by Leishmania sp.?

Answer 15

Cutan, mucocutan and visceral leishmaniosis

Question 16

How can leishmaniosis diagnose?

Answer 16

Giemsa-staining of biopsied material

Question 17

Treatment of leishmaniosis?

Answer 17

Stibogluconate in combination with g-IFN and amphotericin-B

Question 18

What are the causative agent of Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)?

Answer 18

• Trypanosoma brucei gambiense

- Trypanosoma brucei rhodensiense

Question 19

How can sleeping sickness spread?

Answer 19

By the bite of tsetse fly

Question 20

What are the symtoms of sleeping sickness?

Answer 20

Lethargy, meningoencephalitis, dementia, somnolence, coma

Question 21

What is the treatment of sleeping sickness?

Answer 21

• Suramin

- Melarsoprol

Question 22

What is the causative agent of Chagas diseases?

Answer 22

Trypanosoma cruzi

Question 23

How can spread the chagas disease?

Answer 23

By the faeces of the kissing bug during the bite

Question 24

What is the treatment of Chagas disease?

Answer 24

Nifurtimox, the chronic stage is untreatable

Question 25

What kind of diseases can be caused by Cryptosporidium parvum?

Answer 25

Watery diarrhoea which lasts 1-2 weeks

Question 26

What is the treatment of cryptosporidiosis?

Answer 26

Oral rehydration

Question 27

What is the final host of Toxoplasma gondii?

Answer 27

Cats

Question 28

In which population can Toxoplasma cause serious disease?

Answer 28

In pregnant women and in immunocompromised population

Question 29

What is the treatment of toxoplasmosis?

Answer 29

Spiramycin, pyrimethamine combined with sulphonamide

Question 30

How can malaria spread?

Answer 30

By the bite of Anopheles mosquito, transplacental and by transfusion

Question 31

What are the symptoms of malaria (4 symptoms)?

Answer 31

- Periodic high fever - Chills - Headache, pain in joints and muscle - Anaemia - Hepato- and splenomegaly - Kidney failure

Question 32

How can malaria diagnose?

Answer 32

Blood: thick droplet, thin film stained by Giemsa, IF, PCR

Question 33

What is the treatment of malaria?

Answer 33

Chloroquine, mefloquine and artemisin, hypnozoites by primaquine

Question 34

Prevention of malaria by chemoprophylaxis?

Answer 34

Chloroquine, mefloquine, doxycycline

Question 35

Prevention of malaria by vaccine?

Answer 35

Available since 2018 against Plasmodium falciparum. The content of the vaccine is a fusion protein.

Question 36

How can Balantidium coli spread?

Answer 36

By fruits, vegetable contaminated by pig manure or by faecal oral route

Question 37

What are the symptoms of balantidiasis?

Answer 37

Dysentery with abdominal pain, tenesmus

Question 38

Treatment of balantidiasis?

Answer 38

Metronidazole, tetracycline