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Misc Flashcards

1
Q

500 cal deficit M vs F

A

M: 1500-1800
F: 1200-1500

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2
Q

Pancreatic hormones (3)

A

Amylin (beta) slows gastric emptying
Insulin (beta)
Glucagon (alpha)

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3
Q

TEE components

A

REE 65%
Thermic food 10%
Activity 25%

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4
Q

Dercums

A

Lipomas of abdoemn and thigh in obese

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5
Q

Muffling St Jeor

A

REE = (10xweight) + (6.25xH) - (5xage)
(Minus 161 if F)
(Plus 5 if male)

Better than Harris Benedict for obesity

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6
Q

HR exercise

A

Max = 220 - age
50-70% moderate
70-85% vigorous

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7
Q

Macros calories

A

Carb 4 cal
Protein 4 cal
Fat 9 cal
Etoh 7 cal

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8
Q

Ped pace weight loss

A

2-5yo: 1lb/mo if >99th
6-11yo: 1lb/mo if >95th
12-18yo: <2lb/week if >95th

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9
Q

PCOS dx

A

2/3
Hyperandrogenism
Menstrual irregularity
Polycystic ovaries (u/s)

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10
Q

PCOS hormones

A

> LH:FSH

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11
Q

Setmelanotide side effects

A

Skin hyperpig
SI
HyperSex

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12
Q

Phentermine/topomax dosing

A

3.75/23
…(2 weeks, increase x1. <3% weight loss at 12 weeks, increase q2 weeks until max dose)…
15/92

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13
Q

Naltrexone/Wellbutrin dosing

A

8/90
…
X4

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14
Q

AOM highest HTN risk

A

Wellbutrin

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15
Q

AOM GFR adjustments

A

<30 avoid
>50 ok

Metformin <30 avoid

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16
Q

SHBG

A

High: females, weight loss, age
Low: PCOS, obesity, Cushing

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17
Q

Testosterone effects

A

Weight loss
Decr waist
Decr A1C
Decr lipids

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18
Q

Keto effects

A

Less seizures
Incr LDL

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19
Q

Metformin for pre diabetes

A

<60yo
BMi>35
GDM hx

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20
Q

AOM metabolic acidosis

A

Metformin- anion gap
Topomax- non anion gap

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21
Q

AOM decreases b12 absorption

A

Metformin

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22
Q

Cancer obesity

A

Kidney panc GB
Multiple myeloma
Ovaries
Meningioma
Thyroid

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23
Q

Exercise
Stress test?

A

M >40
F >50
Vigorous

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24
Q

Obesity fat%

A

M >25%
F >32%

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25
Pregnancy weight gain
Overweight 15-25 Obese 11-20
26
% weight loss, metabolic benefit
2.5% triglycerides 5% BP, HDL, LDL
27
Med for antipsychotic weight gain
Metformin
28
Exercise calorie estimation
Cal/min = METS x 3.5 (weight)/200
29
Recommended macros
Protein 10-35% Carb 45-65% Fat 25-35%
30
Rybelsus dosing
3 (gi tolerance) - 7- 14
31
AOM hepatic adjustment
Child Pugh 7-9 reduce >9 avoid
32
Diet change to lipids
Low fat- lowers LDL Low carb- lowers TG, raises HDL
33
Pediatric obesity classes
1 >95th 2 120-140% of 95th (>35bmi) 3 >140% of 95th (>40)
34
Raw egg whites inhibit
Biotin absorption
35
Pediatric HTN
<13yo 90-95% elevated >95% HTN >95% + 12 HTN 2 >13 120-129 130-139 >140
36
Pediatric lipids (and tx)
9-11yo all (2-8 with RF) (fam hx or other comorb) High trig- lifestyle change, incr omega3 Q6mo High trig and LDL- plant sterol esters, fiber (statin if >8yo) High LDL only- +/- PSE and fiber
37
Pediatric MAFLD screen
9-11yo Overweight with RF (fam hx, pre diabetes) Obese all >44F, >52M (multi) >80x1 GI consult
38
Pediatric diabetes screen, frequency
>10yo Overweight or obese RF (fam hx, mom gDM, no white, signs) Q2yrs, earlier if increasing BMI (ADA only)
39
Reactive hypoglycemia meds
Acarbose Octreotide CCB Diazoxide
40
Vitamin absorption gut
Duo: Fe, Ca Jeju: folate, carbs, AA Ileum: B12, ADEK Colon: B1 (thiamine), B3, biotin, vit K
41
Vegan vitamin concerns
VitD VitB12 Omega3 Lysine
42
Vitamins E deficiency
Hemolytic anemia
43
Selenium deficiency
Cardiomyopathy Anemia Diarrhea
44
Zinc deficiency
Anosmia Hair loss Pica Diarrhea
45
Copper deficiency
Anemia Poor wound healing Neutropenia
46
GLP1 produced by
Distal small bowel, colon L cells
47
CCk produced by
Duo, jeju I cells
48
PPY 3-36
Distal SB, colon, rectum L cells
49
Oxyntomodulin produced by, fxn
Distal SB, colon L cells Incr GLP (incr glucagon some)
50
GIP produced by
Duo, jeju K cells
51
MC4R deficiency
AD Chromo 11 Tall Big boned Insulin resistance MC monogenic mutation!
52
Prader Willi
Paternal deletion Chr 15 Almond eyes Small hands Hypogonad Short
53
Albright hereditary osteodystrophy
AD Pseudohypoparathyroidism (high pth, low ca) Short 4th Mcp Short
54
POMC deficiency
AR Chr 2 Red hair Fair Adrenal insufficiency
55
Cohen syndrome
AR Chr 8q22 Small head Open mouth Narrow hands Joint hyper mobility Leukopenia Retinal dystrophy
56
Beckwith Wiedeman
Spont 11p15.5 Hepatsplenonephromegaly Hepatoblastoma, Wilms Macro glossia Omphalocele Microcephalic No Devo delay
57
Borgeson Forssman Lehman syndrome
X linked Gynecomastia Hypogonadism Large ear lobes Seizures Short
58
Alstrom syndrome
AR Chr 2 (ALMS mutation) Dilated cardiomyopathy Blind Deaf Diabetes Short
59
Rx for NES
SSRI
60
Leptin mutation
AR Chr15, ob gene Infertility
61
Bardet Biedl
AR BBS gene Renal malformations Blindness Polydactyly
62
Biotin deficiency
Facial dermatitis Neuro findings (depression, neuropathy, hallucinations)
63
Biotin deficiency
Facial dermatitis Neuro findings (depression, neuropathy, hallucinations)
64
Orlistat contraindications
Chole stasis Oxalate nephropathy
65
Phentermine contraindications
Hyperthyroid MAOI Glaucoma CAD
66
Pediatric AOM obesity
Setmelanotide 6 12: orlistat, liraglutide, semaglutide, phent/topiramate 16: phentermine (No naltrexone/bupropion, Zepbound)
67
Energy type for slow and fast twitch fibers
Slow (type I): oxidative metabolism (more mitochondria to make ATP) Fast (type II): anaerobic glycolysis
68
Zinc supplement. Risk for?
Copper deficiency
69
SMART goals
Specific Measurable Attainable Realistic Time bound
70
Folate deficiency meds
MTX Phenytoin Sulfasalazine TMP-SMX
71
Precontemplation vs contemplation
Unaware or unwilling to change Vs willing to change in next 6mo
72
Body dysmorphia meds
SSRI and topomax

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