misc.

Question 1

sucrose

Answer 1

glucose + fructose

Question 2

`lactose

Answer 2

glucose + galactose

Question 3

maltose

Answer 3

alpha 1-4 glucose + glucose

Question 4

cellbiose

Answer 4

beta 1-4 glucose + glucose

Question 5

oxidation with Br2

Answer 5

turns the aldehyde portion of a aldehyde ito carboxylic acid called gluconic acid (aldonic acid)

Question 6

oxidation with nitric acid

Answer 6

turns both groups primary alcohol and the aldehyde into carboxylic acid called Glucaric acid (aldaric acid)

Question 7

structure of glucose and fructose

Answer 7

both have third carbon hydroxyl group to the left

Question 8

Glucose ring form

Answer 8

if the hydroxyl is to the right it points down on the ring

Question 9

DNA

Answer 9

missing a oxygen on the 2 carbon

Question 10

Phosphate

Answer 10

connected to the 5 prime amd 3 prime end forming phosphodiester bonds

Question 11

extraction

Answer 11

removing a solute in one solvent and placing it in another

the solute is more soluble in the solvent it is being placed in and the two solvents do not mix

Question 12

chromatography

Answer 12

separation of molecules based on their size and polarity

Question 13

gas-liquid chromatography

Answer 13

stationary phase is a liquid to a inert solid
the gas phase is nonreactive to both the liquid and separated molecules. as the molecules migrate they will seperate according to polarity and size

Question 14

thin layer chromatography

Answer 14

based on absorvitity and solubility this is a solid liquid technique.
the stationary phase is a polar substance. the mobile phase is liquid. the molecules will seperate according to their attraction to the stationary phase

Question 15

fractional distalation

Answer 15

beads are used to increase the surface area of the less volatile substance. it drips back down. the more volatile substance goes into the condenser and is condense

Question 16

What is the purpose of an ebulator and vacuum filtration

Answer 16

it reduces the vapor pressure

Question 17

re crystallization

Answer 17

An organic molecule is dissolved in a solvent. the solvent is cooled and the organic molecule forms leaving the impurities in the solvent

Question 18

What should a solvent be for recrystallization?

Answer 18

Be able to dissolve a lot of compounds at the boiling point of the solvent
not dissolve a lot of the solvent at room temperature
imprities should be soluble at room temperature
have a low boiling point
not react with the solid