Misc- sequences Flashcards
(17 cards)
Most abundant elements in the earth’s crust
Oxygen- 46.6
Silicon- 27.7
Aluminium- 8.1
Iron- 5.0
Calcium- 3.6
Sodium- 2.8
Potassium- 2.6
Magnesium- 2.1
characteristics of rock forming minerals
colour
streak
lustre
shape
cleavage/fracture
hardness
density
reaction with acid
Moh’s scale of hardness
Talc
Gypsum
Calcite
Fluorite
Apatite
Feldspar
Quartz
Topaz
Corundum
Diamond
Most common rock forming minerals
quartz
feldspar
mica
augite
hornblende
olivine
calcite
garnet
kyanite
Table of igneous rocks
Silicic: (obsidian), Pumice/rhyolite, microgranite, granite
Intermediate: (), andesite, microdiorite, diorite/granodiorite
Mafic: (scoria), basalt, dolerite, gabbro
Unltramafic: peridotite
Igneous textures
glassy
equicrystalline
vesicular
amygdaliodal
flow banding
porphyritic
ophitic
cumulate
Volcanic explosivity index
Hawaiian
Strombolian
Vulcanian
Pelean
Plinian
Ultra-plinian
Bowen’s reaction series
olivine
pyroxene/augite
Amphibole/hornblende
Biotite mica
Ca-rich plagioclase feldspar
Na-rich plagioclase feldspar
K-feldspar
Muscovite mica
Quartz
Platinum group elements
Platinum
Palladium
Iridium
Osmium
Rhodium
Ruthenium
Carbonation
CaCO3 + H2CO3 -> Ca^2+ + 2HCO3-
Calcite + carbonic acid -> calcium + hydrogen carbonate ions in solution
Hydrolysis
AB + HOH <-> AH + BH
Wentworth Udden Scale
-2 - -8 : >2mm
-1 : 2mm
0 : 1
1 : 0.5
2 : 0.25
3 : 0.125
4 : 0.0625
8 : 0.0039
sedimentary structures
cross bedding
ripple marks
graded bedding
desiccation cracks
salt pseudomorphs
imbricate structures
flute casts
playa lake evaporites
Least soluble
Calcite
Gypsum
Anhydrite
Halite
Sylvite and other K minerals
More Soluble
Carbonate compensation depth
CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O <-> Ca^2+ + 2HCO3-
Stokes law
v = ( (gd)sqd (Pp -Pw) ) / 18 n
terminal settling velocity = ( (acceleration due to gravity x particle diameter)sqd x (density of the particle - density of the fluid) ) / 18 x viscosity of the fluid
