MISCELLANEOUS Flashcards
(138 cards)
1
Q
Who is the current President of the Philippines?
A
Ferdinand Marcos Jr.
2
Q
What is the capital city of the Philippines?
A
Manila
3
Q
What type of government does the Philippines have?
A
Democratic republic with a presidential system
4
Q
What is the highest court in the Philippines?
A
The Supreme Court
5
Q
How many Senators are there in the Philippine Senate?
A
24 Senators
6
Q
What is the main role of the Philippine Congress?
A
To make and pass laws
7
Q
What was the purpose of the 1987 Philippine Constitution?
A
To establish a democratic framework and restore civilian rule after the dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos
8
Q
What is the role of the Local Government Units (LGUs) in the Philippines?
A
To manage local administration and provide services at the provincial, city, municipal, and barangay levels
9
Q
When did the Philippines gain independence from Spain?
A
June 12, 1898
10
Q
Who is considered the national hero of the Philippines?
A
José Rizal
11
Q
What was the main goal of the Katipunan?
A
To gain independence from Spanish rule
12
Q
What event marked the end of the Philippine-American War?
A
The signing of the Treaty of Manila on July 4, 1946
13
Q
During which period did the Philippines experience Japanese occupation?
A
From 1941 to 1945
14
Q
What was the main objective of the People Power Revolution of 1986?
A
To oust President Ferdinand Marcos and restore democratic governance
15
Q
What was the significance of the Philippine Commonwealth established in 1935?
A
It was the transitional government leading to full independence from the United States
16
Q
What was the impact of Martial Law declared by Ferdinand Marcos in 1972?
A
It led to a period of authoritarian rule, human rights abuses, and suppression of dissent
17
Q
What is the most widely practiced religion in the Philippines?
A
Roman Catholicism
18
Q
What traditional Filipino dance involves balancing candles on the head and hands?
A
The Pandanggo sa Ilaw
19
Q
Which Filipino festival is celebrated with a grand street parade and colorful floats?
A
The Sinulog Festival
20
Q
What is the traditional Filipino way of showing respect to elders by taking their hand and pressing it to one’s forehead?
A
The ‘Mano’ gesture
21
Q
Who is the prominent Filipino author of the novel Noli Me Tangere?
A
José Rizal
22
Q
What is the traditional Filipino dish made from slow-cooked pork belly and soy sauce?
A
Lechon
23
Q
What is the significance of the UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Banaue Rice Terraces?
A
They are a marvel of ancient engineering and agricultural innovation created by the Ifugao people
24
Q
Who is the Filipino artist known for the series Sabel that portrays the marginalized in society?
A
Benedicto Cabrera (Bencab)
25
What are the three main geographical divisions of the Philippines?
Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao
26
What is the longest river in the Philippines?
The Cagayan River
27
Which Philippine island is known for its chocolate hills?
Bohol
28
What is the largest volcano in the Philippines?
Mount Apo
29
What body of water lies to the west of the Philippines?
The South China Sea
30
What is the name of the largest island in the Philippines?
Luzon
31
Which Philippine province is known for its white sand beaches and is a popular tourist destination?
Palawan
32
What natural disaster is the Philippines most vulnerable to due to its location in the Pacific Ring of Fire?
Typhoons and earthquakes
33
Who was the first President of the Philippines?
Emilio Aguinaldo
34
What is the term length for a Philippine President?
6 years
35
Which Philippine agency is responsible for implementing national economic policies?
The National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA)
36
What is the primary role of the Philippine Commission on Human Rights?
To protect and promote human rights in the Philippines
37
Who appoints the members of the Philippine Supreme Court?
The President, with confirmation by the Commission on Appointments
38
What is the highest law of the land in the Philippines?
The Constitution of the Philippines
39
Who were the first recorded settlers of the Philippines?
The Austronesian-speaking peoples
40
What was the primary cause of the Philippine-American War?
The conflict over the sovereignty and control of the Philippines following the Spanish-American War
41
When was the Treaty of Paris signed, which ceded the Philippines to the United States?
December 10, 1898
42
What event marked the beginning of the Philippine Revolution against Spain?
The cry of Balintawak (or Pugad Lawin) in August 1896
43
What was the main focus of the American educational reforms in the Philippines?
To establish a public education system and promote English as the medium of instruction
44
When did the Philippines officially become a commonwealth under American rule?
November 15, 1935
45
What is the traditional Filipino woven fabric often used in formal wear?
Barong Tagalog
46
Which Filipino festival involves the reenactment of the biblical story of the Three Kings?
The Fiesta de la Candelaria
47
What is the name of the Filipino martial art known for its use of sticks and blades?
Arnis or Eskrima
48
What is the traditional Filipino practice of creating intricate patterns and designs using embroidery?
The art of 'sukit'
49
Who was the first Filipino to win the Miss Universe title?
Gloria Diaz in 1969
50
What popular Filipino snack consists of fried dough filled with sweet or savory ingredients?
Empanada
51
What is the historical significance of the 'Sampaguita' in Filipino culture?
It is the national flower of the Philippines, symbolizing purity and simplicity
52
What is the largest lake in the Philippines?
Laguna de Bay
53
Which island in the Philippines is known for the famous Taal Volcano?
Luzon
54
What is the name of the famous diving destination located in the Sulu Sea, known for its rich marine biodiversity?
Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park
55
What is the longest mountain range in the Philippines?
The Cordillera Central
56
Which Philippine city is known as the 'Summer Capital' of the country?
Baguio City
57
What natural phenomenon often causes significant flooding and damage in the Philippines?
Typhoons
58
What is the name of the narrow strait that separates Luzon from the island of Mindoro?
The Mindoro Strait
59
What were the first known settlers of the Philippines?
The Austronesian-speaking peoples, arriving around 2000 BC
60
What is the name of the ancient script used by the early Filipinos before Spanish colonization?
Baybayin
61
What is the primary language spoken in the northern Luzon region?
Ilocano
62
Which language group do most of the indigenous languages in the Philippines belong to?
The Austronesian language family
63
What significant cultural artifact is found in the Philippines and is associated with early pre-Hispanic writing?
The Laguna Copperplate Inscription
64
When was the Baybayin script used in the Philippines?
From the 16th century before the arrival of Spanish colonizers
65
What is the role of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA)?
To promote and preserve Filipino culture and arts
66
What is the role of the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) in the Philippines?
The DFA is responsible for managing the country's foreign relations and diplomatic affairs
67
Which Philippine agency is tasked with overseeing elections?
The Commission on Elections (COMELEC)
68
How is the Vice President of the Philippines elected?
The Vice President is elected separately from the President and serves a six-year term
69
What is the purpose of the Philippine Budget?
To outline and allocate government spending and financial resources for public services and infrastructure
70
Who was the first American Governor-General of the Philippines?
William Howard Taft
71
What major event in 1898 marked the end of Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines?
The Spanish-American War, culminating in the Treaty of Paris
72
Who was the leader of the Philippine Revolutionary forces against Spain?
Emilio Aguinaldo
73
What was the significance of the Treaty of Paris (1898) for the Philippines?
It ceded control of the Philippines from Spain to the United States
74
What was the Hukbalahap movement?
A communist insurgency against Japanese occupation and later against the Philippine government
75
What is the significance of the 'Pabasa ng Pasyon' in Filipino culture?
It is a traditional practice of chanting the Passion of Christ during Holy Week
76
What is the traditional Filipino practice of creating intricate patterns on bamboo or wood?
The art of 'pintados' or tattooing
77
What is the name of the Filipino folk dance involving a bamboo pole?
Tinikling
78
Which Filipino artist is known for the 'Sabel' series that portrays marginalized individuals?
Benedicto Cabrera (Bencab)
79
What is the historical significance of the 'Balagtasan' in Filipino literature?
It is a traditional Filipino form of poetic debate named after Francisco Balagtas
80
What is the name of the Philippine island famous for its unique white sand beaches and diving spots?
Boracay
81
Which Philippine island is known for its famous Banaue Rice Terraces?
Luzon
82
What is the name of the narrow strait that separates the Philippines from Indonesia?
The Sulu Sea
83
What is the capital city of the Philippines' largest island, Luzon?
Manila
84
What is the name of the mountain range that runs through the central Philippines?
The Central Cordillera
85
What is the ancient Filipino script known for its use before Spanish colonization?
Baybayin
86
Which indigenous group is known for their traditional 'Ifugao Rice Terraces'?
The Ifugao people
87
What early written document, found in Laguna, provides evidence of pre-colonial Philippines?
The Laguna Copperplate Inscription
88
"What was the ancient Filipino writing
89
What was the primary language used in early Philippine trade with China and other neighboring regions?
Early trade involved languages such as Old Tagalog and various Austronesian languages, alongside trade languages like Chinese and Malay.
90
What was the purpose of the 'Barangay' system in early Filipino society?
The Barangay system was a form of community governance in pre-colonial Philippines, where each barangay was a small, independent village or community led by a chieftain.
91
How does Fiqh influence the legal system and daily life of the Muslim community in the Philippines?
Fiqh, the Islamic jurisprudence, plays a significant role in the legal and social practices of the Muslim community in the Philippines, particularly in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). Legal System: Within the BARMM, Fiqh influences personal status laws, including marriage, divorce, and inheritance, as these are governed by Islamic law under the region’s autonomy agreement. The Code of Muslim Personal Laws, enacted in 1977, incorporates principles of Fiqh to address these matters specifically for Muslims in the Philippines. Daily Life: In daily life, Fiqh guides the observance of religious practices such as prayer, fasting during Ramadan, and the zakat (charitable giving). The principles of Fiqh also influence dietary laws (halal) and business ethics, ensuring they align with Islamic teachings. Educational Institutions: There are Islamic schools and madrasahs in the Philippines where Fiqh is taught, helping to preserve and promote Islamic jurisprudence among the younger generation.
92
What was the significance of the 1898 Treaty of Paris in Philippine history, and how did it affect the country’s sovereignty?
The 1898 Treaty of Paris ended the Spanish-American War and ceded the Philippines from Spain to the United States for $20 million. This treaty marked the end of Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines but led to the start of American colonization. The transfer of sovereignty was contested, leading to the Philippine-American War as Filipinos fought for their independence.
93
What was the role of José Rizal’s novels, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, in the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule?
José Rizal’s novels, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, exposed the corruption and injustices of Spanish colonial rule and the Catholic Church. They inspired nationalist sentiments and mobilized the Filipino populace towards reform and eventual revolution. The novels are considered pivotal in the intellectual preparation for the Philippine Revolution.
94
What is the primary function of the Philippine Commission on Elections (COMELEC), and how does it ensure electoral integrity?
The Philippine Commission on Elections (COMELEC) is responsible for administering and overseeing elections in the country, ensuring they are free, fair, and orderly. It manages voter registration, conducts the electoral process, and enforces election laws to prevent fraud and misconduct.
95
Describe the process and significance of the Bangsamoro Organic Law (BOL) in shaping the political landscape of the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM).
The Bangsamoro Organic Law (BOL), enacted in 2018, established the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM) as a political entity with greater autonomy compared to its predecessor, the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). The BOL granted the region legislative, executive, and fiscal autonomy and aimed to address long-standing issues related to autonomy, governance, and peace in the region.
96
How does the concept of 'Bayanihan' reflect Filipino values and community spirit?
'Bayanihan' is a traditional Filipino value reflecting community spirit and mutual aid. It originated from the practice of neighbors helping a family relocate their house by physically carrying it to a new location. Today, Bayanihan symbolizes cooperative efforts and communal support, extending to various aspects of social and cultural life in the Philippines.
97
Discuss the impact of the Spanish colonial period on Filipino cuisine, citing specific examples of dishes that were influenced by Spanish ingredients and cooking techniques.
The Spanish colonial period significantly influenced Filipino cuisine, introducing ingredients like tomatoes, chili peppers, and potatoes. Dishes such as adobo (a savory stew with vinegar and soy sauce), paella (a rice dish with various meats and seafood), and leche flan (a caramel custard) reflect Spanish cooking techniques and ingredients blended with indigenous flavors.
98
What are the primary geographical features of the Philippine Archipelago, and how do they affect the country’s climate and biodiversity?
The Philippine Archipelago consists of more than 7,000 islands divided into three main groups: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. It features diverse geographical elements, including mountain ranges (e.g., the Cordilleras), volcanoes (e.g., Mount Pinatubo), and extensive coastlines. These features contribute to the country’s tropical maritime climate, rich biodiversity, and frequent natural disasters such as typhoons and earthquakes.
99
How does the Philippines’ location on the Pacific Ring of Fire affect its seismic activity and volcanic activity?
The Philippines is situated on the Pacific Ring of Fire, a region known for its high seismic and volcanic activity due to tectonic plate boundaries. This location results in frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, contributing to both the country's geological hazards and its rich volcanic soil beneficial for agriculture.
100
What are the key challenges faced by the Philippine government in managing the impact of climate change and natural disasters?
The Philippine government faces challenges such as frequent typhoons, flooding, and rising sea levels due to climate change. Addressing these issues involves improving disaster preparedness and response, investing in infrastructure resilience, and implementing policies for environmental protection and climate adaptation.
101
How has the Philippine government addressed the issue of overseas Filipino workers (OFWs) and their rights abroad?
The Philippine government has implemented various programs to protect the rights of overseas Filipino workers (OFWs), including the establishment of the Overseas Workers Welfare Administration (OWWA) and the implementation of the OFW Payout Program. These initiatives provide support in areas such as legal assistance, social welfare, and repatriation services.
102
Who was the first president of the Philippines and what were his accomplishments and challenges?
Emilio Aguinaldo (1899-1901). Accomplishments: Leader of the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule, declared Philippine Independence on June 12, 1898. Issues: His presidency was short-lived due to the Philippine-American War, which led to his capture by American forces in 1901. Faced internal divisions and conflict with American colonizers.
103
Who was the first president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, and what were his main contributions and issues?
Manuel L. Quezon (1935-1944). Accomplishments: Implemented social and economic reforms, established a national language (Tagalog), and initiated land reform. Issues: His presidency was interrupted by WWII and Japanese occupation, facing economic and political challenges during the transition to independence.
104
Which Philippine president led a government under Japanese occupation and faced issues related to collaboration?
José P. Laurel (1943-1945). Accomplishments: Served as president during WWII under Japanese control. Issues: His government was a puppet regime, leading to accusations of treason and post-war legal and political repercussions.
105
Who was the president that led the government-in-exile during Japanese occupation, and what were his challenges?
Sergio Osmeña (1944-1946). Accomplishments: Focused on rebuilding post-war and restoring democratic institutions. Issues: His administration dealt with post-WWII reconstruction challenges and economic recovery.
106
Who was the first president of the independent Republic of the Philippines, and what were his main issues?
Manuel Roxas (1946-1948). Accomplishments: Focused on post-war recovery, infrastructure rebuilding, and economic stabilization. Issues: Faced corruption, economic instability, and the Hukbalahap insurgency. His presidency was cut short by his death in 1948.
107
Which president strengthened US ties through the Mutual Defense Treaty and faced issues with insurgency?
Elpidio Quirino (1948-1953). Accomplishments: Continued post-war reconstruction, improved economy, and fostered social reforms. Issues: His administration was marked by corruption allegations and political scandals, with the Hukbalahap insurgency continuing to be a major issue.
108
Which president was known for his populist style and reformist policies, and what challenge did he face?
Ramon Magsaysay (1953-1957). Accomplishments: Addressed corruption, improved labor conditions, promoted social justice, and launched rural development initiatives. Issues: His presidency faced political violence and communist insurgency and was cut short by his death in a plane crash in 1957.
109
Who promoted the 'Filipino First Policy' and faced economic management challenges during his term?
Carlos P. Garcia (1957-1961). Accomplishments: Focused on economic nationalism and protected local industries, strengthening ties with Asia and the West. Issues: His administration faced economic management issues, political instability, and corruption allegations.
110
Who changed Philippine Independence Day to June 12 and focused on land reform?
Diosdado Macapagal (1961-1965). Accomplishments: Focused on economic and social reforms, land reform, and poverty alleviation. Issues: Faced political opposition, economic difficulties, and controversies within his party.
111
Which president declared Martial Law and was removed during the People Power Revolution?
Ferdinand Marcos (1965-1986). Accomplishments: Initiated infrastructure projects, promoted agricultural productivity. Issues: Martial Law in 1972 led to human rights abuses, corruption, and economic mismanagement, ending with the People Power Revolution in 1986.
112
Who restored democratic institutions in the Philippines after the fall of Marcos?
Corazon Aquino (1986-1992). Accomplishments: Promoted political and economic reforms, including a new constitution and anti-corruption efforts. Issues: Faced political instability, including coup attempts, and struggled with poverty and insurgencies.
113
Which president promoted economic modernization and faced challenges during the Asian financial crisis?
Fidel V. Ramos (1992-1998). Accomplishments: Focused on economic growth, infrastructure development, and attracting foreign investment. Issues: His administration dealt with economic inequality, corruption, and the 1997 Asian financial crisis.
114
Who was removed from office through the People Power II revolution?
Joseph Estrada (1998-2001). Accomplishments: Focused on poverty alleviation and implemented economic projects to improve lives of the poor. Issues: His presidency was marred by corruption allegations, leading to impeachment and removal from office in 2001.
115
Which president's term faced allegations of corruption and election fraud, especially during the global financial crisis?
Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (2001-2010). Accomplishments: Focused on economic growth, infrastructure, and anti-corruption measures. Issues: Her administration faced corruption allegations, election fraud, human rights abuses, and economic challenges during the 2008 global financial crisis.
116
Who promoted anti-corruption and economic reforms, and addressed the territorial dispute with China?
Benigno Aquino III (2010-2016). Accomplishments: Implemented anti-corruption efforts, economic growth, and infrastructure projects. Successfully addressed the territorial dispute with China through international arbitration. Issues: Criticized for Typhoon Yolanda disaster response, infrastructure delays, and political controversies.
117
Which president implemented a controversial anti-drug campaign and faced challenges related to the COVID-19 pandemic?
Rodrigo Duterte (2016-2022). Accomplishments: Focused on infrastructure with 'Build, Build, Build' program, pursued independent foreign policy. Issues: Anti-drug campaign faced criticism for human rights abuses and extrajudicial killings. COVID-19 and economic inequality were significant challenges.
118
What are the early focuses and challenges of Ferdinand 'Bongbong' Marcos Jr.'s presidency?
Ferdinand 'Bongbong' Marcos Jr. (2022-present). Accomplishments: Focused on post-pandemic economic recovery, infrastructure, and global economic challenges. Issues: Ongoing challenges include economic management, political dynamics, and criticisms related to his family's political legacy.
119
What were the significant economic effects and social consequences of the Galleon Trade on the Philippine economy during the Spanish colonial period, and how did it shape local industries and social structures?
Created wealth for elites, limited local industry.
120
How did the Cavite Mutiny of 1872 and the execution of the Gomburza priests influence the growth of Philippine nationalism, especially in terms of the Propaganda Movement and the push for independence from Spain?
Inspired nationalist sentiments and reform.
121
In what ways did the Philippine-American War from 1899 to 1902 contribute to the formation of a Filipino national identity, and how did it affect Filipino resistance against foreign influence?
Strengthened Filipino national unity.
122
How did President Carlos P. Garcia’s ‘Filipino First Policy’ impact Philippine economic policy in terms of promoting nationalism and protecting local industries, and what were its effects on foreign relations?
Strengthened local industry, strained foreign ties.
123
What was the historical significance of the 1934 Tydings-McDuffie Act for the Philippines, and how did it shape the political landscape during the transition to independence from the United States?
Prepared for independence, led to Commonwealth.
124
How did the Japanese occupation during World War II influence post-war economic policies in the Philippines, particularly in terms of recovery efforts and foreign aid dependency?
Focused on rebuilding, relied on foreign aid.
125
What role did the establishment of the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM) play in addressing historical grievances of the Moro people, and how has it affected self-governance in the region?
Granted autonomy, promoted peace.
126
What were the long-term political effects of Martial Law (1972-1981) declared by Ferdinand Marcos, especially in terms of corruption, civil rights, and trust in government?
Led to distrust, corruption.
127
How did the People Power Revolution of 1986 contribute to the restoration of democracy in the Philippines, and what were its lasting effects on Philippine politics and civil liberties?
Restored democracy, new constitution.
128
What are the social and economic impacts of the large Overseas Filipino Worker (OFW) diaspora, and how do remittances shape household economies and social dynamics in the Philippines?
Boosted economy, changed family dynamics.
129
What was the significance of the Philippines’ 2016 arbitration victory against China over South China Sea disputes, and how did it affect regional stability and international relations?
Strengthened legal position in disputes.
130
How did the establishment of the Philippine National Police (PNP) in 1991 reform law enforcement, and what challenges has the institution faced in ensuring accountability and public trust?
Professionalized police, trust issues remain.
131
What was the effect of the Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement (EDCA) signed in 2014 between the Philippines and the United States, and how has it influenced Philippine national security and foreign policy?
Strengthened security, sovereignty debates.
132
How did the execution of the Gomburza priests in 1872 affect Filipino attitudes towards the Spanish colonial government, particularly among reform-minded Filipinos?
Fueled anti-colonial sentiment.
133
What were the economic and social repercussions of Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) in 2013, and how did it change disaster preparedness policies and infrastructure in the Philippines?
Devastated economy, improved disaster policy.
134
How has the Philippines’ participation in the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) impacted local industries, trade opportunities, and economic modernization efforts?
Increased trade, raised competition.
135
What was the significance of the 1977 Code of Muslim Personal Laws in providing legal autonomy to Muslim communities, particularly regarding family law and cultural preservation?
Recognized unique legal rights.
136
How has the Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) industry in the Philippines influenced job creation and GDP, and what are the challenges for the labor force in this sector?
Boosted GDP, job concerns remain.
137
What were the impacts of Ferdinand Marcos' Green Revolution on Philippine agriculture, particularly in terms of food production, environmental sustainability, and rural development?
Boosted yields, created dependency.
138
What challenges does rapid urbanization pose to infrastructure, housing, and quality of life in Philippine cities, and how has the government responded to address these issues?
Led to housing shortages, congestion.
