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Nautical Reviewer > Miscellaneous Questions > Flashcards

Miscellaneous Questions Flashcards

1
Q

A crew member is lost overboard in fog. What is the most suitable method of returning the ship to a reciprocal course on its original track?

A

A Williamson turn

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2
Q

A ship turns around a point called the ‘pivot point’. What is the usual position of this point when the ship is at full sea speed?

A

At about 1/4 of the ship’s from yhe bow

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3
Q

A ship turn around a point called the ‘pivot point’. What is the position of this point when he ship is stopped in the water?

A

At the ship’s center of gravity

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4
Q

How should the anchor be positioned when a ship is due to anchor in a river with a strong curren?

A

It should be lowered to just above the water level

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5
Q

How should you minimize squat effect?

A

Decrease the speed

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6
Q

In relation to squat effect, which of the following statements is incorrect?

A

Squat result in a decrease in a ship’s draft

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7
Q

In ship handling terms, what is meant by “sinkage”?

A

Sinkage in the change of draft experienced when moving through water

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8
Q

In ship handling terms, which of these overtaking situations is the most dangerous?

A

A large overtaking a small vessel with little difference in speed between the two vessels

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9
Q

In which direction will the bow of a vessel move,with a single fixed pitch right-handed propeller which is turning astern?

A

To starboard

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10
Q

What would be the fog signal of a vessel aground in a channel?

A

A rapid ringing of the bell and three separate and distinct strokes on the bell immediately before and after ringing of the bell

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11
Q

What is normally the safest angle for a vessel to steer into steep waves?

A

60°

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12
Q

When told to rig a pilot ladder, which side do you choose?

A

The lee side

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13
Q

A power driven vessel observes the stern light of another power-driven vessel on a steady bearing and reducing range on the port bow. Which vessel must give way?

A

The observing vessel

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14
Q

A vessel is at anchor and displaying two anchor lights. What is the minimun vertical distance between the forward anchor light and the after anchor light?

A

Not less than 4.5 meters

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15
Q

A vessel joining the general direction of traffic flow in a traffic separation scheme from either side shall do so:

A

at as small an angle as practicable

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16
Q

A vessel not using the traffic separation scheme shall:

A

avoid id by as wide a margin as possible

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17
Q

A vessel shall, so far as is practicable, avoid crossing traffic separation lanes. But if obliged to do so shall cross the general direction of traffic flow.

A

on a heading as nearly as practicable at right angles

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18
Q

A vessel using a traffic separation scheme shall so far as practicable:

A

keep clear of the traffic separation line or separation zone

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19
Q

A vessel which can only safely navigate within a narrow channel or fairway shall not be impeded by:

A

sailing vessels, fishing vessels, vessels less than 20m or crossing vesssels

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20
Q

A vessel’s sidelights should be positioned above the hull, but according to the Collision Regulations what is the maximum height they can be placed?

A

Three-quarters the height of the forward masthead light

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21
Q

At night you notice, in addition to other lights, two yellow lights in a vertical line in which flash altermately every second. What does this indicate?

A

A fishing vessel hampered by her purse seine gear

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22
Q

At nigh, in addition to her sidelights, what else must a sailing vessel show?

A

A stern light

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23
Q

At sea during the day you see a vessel displaying two black cones wih their points together.What does this indicate?

A

A vessel engaged in fishing

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24
Q

At sea you sight a tug displaying this signal.What should you do?

A

Give assistance asa the tug is in distress

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25
Q

At what height above the hull should the forward anchor light be placed on a vessel of 50 meters or more in length?

A

6 meters

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26
Q

At what minimum height above the hull should the mastlight on a power driven vessel of length 60 meters and beam 9m be carried?

A

9 meters

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27
Q

For a power driven vessel less than 30 meters in length and 5 meters beam, at what height above the hull should be the mastlight be carried?

A

not less than 6 meters

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28
Q

For a power driven of 100 meters in length and 20 meters beam, what is the maximum height above the hull that the forward masthread light can be carried?

A

12 meters

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29
Q

For a which types of vessel should a fishing vessel not impede the passage in arrow cahnnel of fairway?

A

Any other vessels navigating within the narrow cahnnel or fairway

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30
Q

How should a vessel cross a traffic separation lane?

A

On a heading as nearly as practical art right angles to the direction of traffic flow

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31
Q

If a vessel is being towed alongside on the starboard side of the towing vessel, what lights should it show?

A

Sidelights and sternlight

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32
Q

If a vessel is being towed alongside on the starboard side of the towing vessel,what lights should it show?

A

Sidelights and sternlight

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33
Q

If another ship does not appear to be taking sufficient action to avoid a collision,what should you do according to the Collision Regulation?

A

Sound 5 short and rapid blast on the whistle

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34
Q

If the two vessel approach each other on collision course,what is meant by “ the critical period”

A

The period when action to prevent a collision has to be taken

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35
Q

If you have a main engine failure, what shapes would you exhibit?

A

Two black balls in a vertical line

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36
Q

If you hear a fog a signal forward of the beam,Rule 19 states must:

A

reduce to minimum steerage way

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37
Q

If your ship is in collision and the ships are locked together,which of the following should not always be done?

A

Go full astern to release the ships

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38
Q

If your ship is in collision in the waters of a foreign nations, which of the following is NOT a legal responsibilty for the MASTER?

A

Go as soon as possible to the nearest appropriate port to report to the authorities

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39
Q

In a traffic separation scheme a vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage of:

A

any vessel following a traffic lane

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40
Q

In a traffic separation scheme a vessel of less than 20 meters in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the safe passage of:

A

a power driven vessel following a traffic lane

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41
Q

In open waters, you see the lights right ahead at medium range.What do you do?

A

Sound one short blast and alter course to starboard

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42
Q

In the Collision Regulations, the Government of any State can make provision for special rules allowing the use of additional whistle signal between which vessels?

A

Warships and vessels sailing under convoy

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43
Q

Inshore traffic zones shall not be used by which of the following vessels?

A

One that can safely use the appropriate lane within the T.S.S

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44
Q

Is anchoring permitted in a narrow channel?

A

It should be avoided if at all possible

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45
Q

Looking straight ahead at night you observe the masthead lights and both side lights of another vessel.What action should be taken?

A

Each ship alter course to starboard

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46
Q

On nearing a bend in a narrow cahnnel and the way ahead is obscured,you hear a prolonged blast.What should be your response.

A

One prolonged blast

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47
Q

Referring to Annex II of the Collision Regulations; additional signals for fishing vessel in close proximity.What does the signal”one white light over one red light” mean?

A

I am hauling nets

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48
Q

The bearing is steady. The range is 5 miles, reducing slowly. What action would you take?

A

Sound one short blast and alter course to starboard

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49
Q

The International Regulations for Prevention of Collision at Sea includes:

A

instructions on action to take while plotting a ship by radar

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50
Q

The observed vessel sounds three short blasts. What does:

A

I am operating stern propulsion

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51
Q

The range is 7 miles and constant. The bearing is steady. What action would you take?

A

Maintain course and speed

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52
Q

The white light shown must be so fixed as to show an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon. What is the size of this arc?

A

225 deg. (20 points of the compass)

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53
Q

To which traffic separation schemes does Rule 10 apply?

A

Those adopted by the International Maritime Organization

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54
Q

Vessels as far as possible should avoid anchoring:

A

in a traffic separation scheme or in areas near it’s terminations

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55
Q

What additional lights does a vessel constrained by its draught have to show?

A

Three red lights in a vertical line

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56
Q

What would a vessel do to highlight a danger to another vessel, especially at night

A

Direct a search light in the direction of the danger

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57
Q

What do these three red lights indicate?

A

A vessel constrained by draught

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58
Q

What is a routeing measure aimed at the separation of opposing streams of traffic by establishing traffic lanes called?

A

Traffic separation scheme

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59
Q

What is the best way to monitor the risk of collision in poor visibility?

A

Monitor the radar display and post a lookout

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60
Q

What is the duration of a “short blast” on the whistle?

A

one second

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61
Q

What is the duration of a prolonged blast?

A

4-6 seconds

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62
Q

What is this vessel’s fog signal?

A

One prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts at interval not exceeding two minutes

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63
Q

What kind of vessel may sound a fog signal consisting of four short blasts?

A

A vessel engaged on pilotage duty

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64
Q

What signal shall a vessel sound when nearing a bend or an area of narrow channels or fairway where other vessels may be obscured by an intervening obstruction?

A

One prolonged blast

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65
Q

When proceeding along a narrow channel a vessel should:

A

keep to the outer limit which lies on her starboard side

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66
Q

When proceeding in a narrow channel, you hear a vessel astern sound two prolonged blast followed by two short blast. What does this signal indicate?

A

The other vessel intends to overtake you on your port side

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67
Q

When should a sailing vessel keep out of the way of a power driven vessel?

A

When the sailing vessel is overtaking

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68
Q

When should a vessel not under command display the sternlight?

A

When making way through the water

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69
Q

When taking action to avoid collision under Rule 8, you should avoid:

A

a succession of small alterations of speed or course

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70
Q

When two power-driven vessels, in sight of each other, are crossing so as to involve risk of collision, avoiding action must be taken by:

A

the vessel which has the other on her own starboard side

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71
Q

When two ships are on reciprocal courses, what is meant by the “approaching vessel’s relative speed”?

A

The sum of the speed of the two vessels

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72
Q

When two whistles are fitted on a vessel and are placed more than 100m apart, what is the usual arrangement for giving maneuvering and warming signals?

A

Only one of the whistles is sounded

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73
Q

When underway, what is the principal threat to the ship?

A

To have a collision with another ship

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74
Q

A barograph is an instrument which records continuous:

A

pressure and pressure tendency

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75
Q

A falling barometer is an indication of:

A

bad weather to come

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76
Q

A squall line of sharp changes of wind, is very often associated with:

A

cold front

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77
Q

A suden rising strong wind, or suden increase of wind usually followed immediately by a shower of rain or snow is called a:

A

squall

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78
Q

Above what speed does a tropical depression have to travel to become classed as a tropical storn?

A

74 kph

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79
Q

An anti-cyclone is an area of:

A

high pressure, descending air and light winds

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80
Q

An occluded depression tends to move:

A

slowly and irregularly

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81
Q

Buys Ballot’s Law says that if a seafarer faces the wind in the southern hemisphere then the area of low pressure will be:

A

To the left

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82
Q

During which month do most tropical storm form in the northern hemisphere:

A

August

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83
Q

Fast moving high clouds are in indication of:

A

bad weather to come

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84
Q

From the following, what would be the maximun effect of barometric pressure on tidal heights?

A

0.3 meters

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85
Q

Frontal depressions move in families, each depression following its predecessor but in:

A

a slight lower latitude

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86
Q

If an observer is facing the wind in the northern hemisphere,where does the low pressure ie?

A

To the right

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87
Q

If an observer is facing the wind in the northern hemisphere, where does the high pressure lie?

A

To the left

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88
Q

If the atmosphere contains less water vapour than it is capable of holding at that temperature,it said to be:

A

saturated

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89
Q

If you are facing into the wind in the Southern Hemisphere,where would an area of low pressure lie?

A

To your left

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90
Q

A tropical revolving storm,”the eye” is a small central region of:

A

comaparatively light winds and little clouds

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91
Q

In an anti- cyclone in the northern hemisphere,the surface wind circulation:

A

clockwise, with the wind across the isobars at an angle towards the lower pressure

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92
Q

In an area with very high atmospheric pressure, the tides will:

A

be lower than predicted

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93
Q

In meteorology, isobar are lines joining places having the same:

A

pressure

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94
Q

In meteorology, isotherms are lines joining places having the same:

A

temperature

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95
Q

In the Beaufort weather notation, what is the meaning of the symbol RR?

A

Continuous heavy rain

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96
Q

In the Northern Hemisphere, the wind at sea level rotates around a depression in:

A

an anticlockwise direction at a small angle to the isobars inwards towards the center

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97
Q

In the Northern hemisphere, which direction will the wind be from just before a warm front arrives?

A

ESE

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98
Q

In the Northern hemisphere, which direction will the wind normally be from just before a cold front arrives?

A

SSE

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99
Q

In the Northern hemisphere, which is the most dangerous part of a storm in relation to the direction in which it is moving?

A

its right hand side

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100
Q

In what direction does the wind blow around a cyclonic storm in the Northern hemisphere

A

Anti - clockwise

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101
Q

In what latitude do tropical revolving storms generally originate?

A

0 to 25 degrees

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102
Q

In which area will the isobars be spaced closest,given the wind speed indicated?

A

40 kts

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103
Q

In which direction do jet streams normally travel?

A

North to South

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104
Q

In which direction does the Coriolis force deflect winds in the Southern hemisphere?

A

To the left

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105
Q

On the Beaufort scale, force 3 is described as a:

A

gentle breeze

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106
Q

On the Beaufort scale, force 5 is described as a:

A

fresh breeze

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107
Q

On the Beaufort scale, force 7 is described as a:

A

near gale

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108
Q

On the Beaufort scale, hurricane force corresponds wind:

A

force 12

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109
Q

On the Beaufort scale, storm force corresponds to wind:

A

force 10 and above

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110
Q

Sea waves will increase in height in certain conditions.From those listed,which is NOT one of hose conditions?

A

When they travel with a current

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111
Q

Showery precipitation is most likely to be produced by;

A

cumulus or cumulonimbus clouds

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112
Q

The direction of the center of a storm may be found by Buys Ballot’s law, namely face the wind and:

A

in the Northern hemisphere the center of the storm will bear 8 to 12 points to the right

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113
Q

The direction towards which a tidal stream runs is called:

A

set

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114
Q

The eye of a tropical revolving storm in an area with light wind but with seas that are:

A

very high and confused

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115
Q

The most accurate sea surface temperature would be obtained from a:

A

water sample obtained in an insulated bucket

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116
Q

The times of civil twilight are tabulated in the Nautical Almanac. These times are:

A

The LMT when the sun’s center reaches 6° below the visible horizon before sunrise and after sunset

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117
Q

The visual range corresponding to the term “moderate visibility” used in weather bulletin is:

A

2 to 5 nautical miles

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118
Q

Tropical maritime air is usually:

A

Cold, wet and stable

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119
Q

Tropical revolving storms are accompanied by:

A

heavy rain sometimes with thunder and lightning

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120
Q

What distance must visibility be reduced to before water vapour is classed as fog?

A

2 km

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121
Q

What do you tightly spaced isobars indicate?

A

Strong winds

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122
Q

What does it mean when the barometer shows air pressure to be rising?

A

Good weather is on the way

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123
Q

What instrument is used for measuring the velocity of the wind?

A

Anemometer

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124
Q

What is a “storm surge” of tide?

A

Raising the sea level due to long waves caused by strong winds blowing along a coast

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125
Q

What is the biggest cause of high waves forming?

A

Wind

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126
Q

What is the common name for hurricanes, typhoons or cyclones?

A

Tropical revolving storms

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127
Q

What is the instrument used for measuring humidity of the atmosphere called?

A

Psychrometer

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128
Q

What is the main factor which can make actual tidal heights and times different from the predicted heights and times?

A

Wind

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129
Q

What is the minimum sea water temperature necessary for a hurricane to develop?

A

26°

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130
Q

What is the name given to an elongated area of low pressure extending outwards from a depression?

A

A trough

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131
Q

What is the quantity of water vapour present in the atmosphere called?

A

Humidity

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132
Q

What level of visibility does “poor” indicate in a weather forecast?

A

Between 1000-2000m

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133
Q

What weather conditions are likely to result from the movement of warm air mass over a relatively colder sea surface?

A

Fog

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134
Q

What weather phenomenon can cause a reduction of radar range due to attenuation?

A

Rain and snow

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135
Q

What wind speeds are likely when a weather forecast predicts an imminent Force 8 gale?

A

Over 34 knots

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136
Q

When a marine thermometer is used to take air temperatures, it should be hung:

A

in a screen sited to windward

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137
Q

When visibility is 1km or less, it is known as:

A

fog

138
Q

A vessel is under pilotage approaching a European port. Who is responsible for the safe navigation of the vessel?

A

The master and duty officers

139
Q

After a collision on the high seas, the Master of a ship sailing under its flag has several legal duties? Which answer does not belong in the list?

A

To inform the other ship of the name of the ship’s agents at the nest port of call

140
Q

An OOW, on duty in coastal waters, notices that he becomes too busy to be able to take a fix. What should he do?

A

Call the master to assist him

141
Q

At the commencement of a sea voyage the master, a pilot, the oow and two ratings are present on the bridge, who is in charge?

A

the master

142
Q

At the commencement of sea voyage the Master , a Pilot, the OOW and 2 ratings are present on the bridge. Who is in charge?

A

Always the Master

143
Q

The captain of a vessel has 2 years of experience as a captain and the pilot directing the navigation has 20 years of experience. Who is in charge?

A

the master

144
Q

The correct order to follow when planning a passage is:

A

appraise, plan, monitor, execute

145
Q

The OOW has, during the pre-departure check of the bridge equipment, found an error in the weather facsimile. What should he do?

A

Advise the master as soon as possible before the vessel’s departure

146
Q

The OOW on duty in coastal waters, notices that he becomes too busy to be able to take a fix, what should he do?

A

call the master to assist him

147
Q

The pilot gives the helmsman an order which the OOW believe to be incorrect. What should he do?

A

Ask the pilot to clarify the reason for the order. If still in doubt he should consult the master and take action if the master is not present

148
Q

What is the duty of a pilot?

A

To direct the navigation of the ship in a certain area

149
Q

When at anchor, what should the OOW do if the vessel appears to be dragging her anchor?

A

Call the mater at once

150
Q

When may positions marked on the navigation chart be erased?

A

At the end of the voyage

151
Q

When may the OOW on the bridge maneuver the engines?

A

Whenever he needs to

152
Q

When must a passage plan be prepared?

A

Before the voyage commences

153
Q

Given that the true altitude is 46°20.2’ calculate the True Zenith Distance

A

43°39.8’

154
Q

Given that true altitude is 57°24.9’ calculate the True Zenith Distance:

A

32°35.1’

155
Q

Given that the True Zenith Distance is 17°44.0’ and the Calculated Zenith Distance is 17°46.0’ find and name the intercept , with respect to the direction of the observed body:

A

2.8 Towards

156
Q

Given the True Zenith Distance is 36°22.0 and that Calculated Zenith Distance is 36°24.8 find and name the intercept,with respect to the direction of the observed body.

A

2.8’ Towards

157
Q

If a ship is in 150°E longtitude and the equation of time is +6 minutes,what is the GMT of noon at the ship?

A

206

158
Q

If a ship is in 30°W longtitude and the equation of times is -4 minutes,what is the GMT of noon at the ship?

A

1356

159
Q

If the distance between two consecutive isobars (drawn at intervals of 4mb) is found to be in 100 n.miles and the latitude is 50 deg, what is the geostrophic wind speed?

A

30 kts

160
Q

If the GHA of the sun is 173° and LHA IS 358°,what is the longtitude?

A

175°W

161
Q

If the GHA of the sun is 315° and the LHA is 36°,what is the longtitude?

A

81°E

162
Q

Leading lights are in line bearing 126°T. If the gyro error is 2°low, what would the gyro bearing of the leading lights be?

A

124°

163
Q

Steaming South at 10 knots, you estimate the wind speed from the surface as 15 knots. Smoke from the funnel is going away to port directly to abeam. What is the approximate true direction of the wind?

A

WNW

164
Q

The best position fix is obtained when the bearings of two objects are:

A

90 degrees apart

165
Q

The gyro course is 165° and the gyro error is 3° low. What is the true course?

A

168°

166
Q

The gyro course is 332° and the gyro error is 2° high. What is the true course?

A

330°

167
Q

The index error of a marine sextant read as 48° 25’.3 is known to be 5’ on the arc. Find the observed altitude.

A

48° 20.3’

168
Q

The true altitude of Arcturus is 42° 28’.4. Find the true zenith distance.

A

47° 31.6’

169
Q

The true altitude of Canopus is 64° 52’.4. Find the true zenith distance.

A

25° 07.6’

170
Q

The true zenith distance of the sun when on the observer’s meridian bearing North is 46° 23.9’ and the declination is 9° 15’.0 S. Calculate the observer’s latitude.

A

55° 38.9’ S

171
Q

The true zenith distance of the sun when on the observer’s meridian bearing North is 6° 57.4’ and the declination is 21° 28’.4 S. Calculate the observer’s latitude.

A

28° 25.8’ S

172
Q

The true zenith distance of the sun when on the observer’s meridian bearing South is 6° 57.4’ and the declination is 14° 36.2’ S. Calculate the observer’s latitude.

A

07° 33.8’ S

173
Q

The true zenith distance of the sun when on the observer’s meridian bearing North is 6° and the declination is 21° S. Calculate the observer’s latitude.

A

27° S

174
Q

The true zenith distance of the sun when the observer’s meridian bearing South is 54° and the declination is 4° S. Calculate the observer’s latitude.

A

50° N

175
Q

To an observer in longitude 164° E, the LHA of the sun is 26°. What is the GHA of the sun?

A

222°

176
Q

To an observer in longitude 172° E, the LHA of a star is 315°. If the SHA of the star is 036°, what is the GHA of Aries?

A

107°

177
Q

To an observer in longitude 75° W, the LHA of the sun is 327°. What is the GHA of the sun?

A

042°

178
Q

A chart suitable for inshore navigation, for entering bays and harbours, would have a scale of:

A

1:50,000 to 1:150,000

179
Q

A composite great cirlce route is not as short a distance as a great circle route, but it is sometimes used instead. Why?

A

It avoids high latitudes where ice may be found

180
Q

A free gyroscope is said to have “three degrees of freedom”. From those listed, which is NOT one of these?

A

Latitude axis

181
Q

A gyro compass on a high-speed craft often takes time to settle correctly when altering course. What causes this problem?

A

The change in the (large) value of the latitude course and speed error when altering course

182
Q

A position line on a chart is defined as a line:

A

somewhere on which the observer is situated

183
Q

After all the adjustments have been made of the sextant, any remaining error is called:

A

index error

184
Q

All gyro compasses, when on the eqautor, should have:

A

no latitude error

185
Q

Apart from ensuring navigational safety at anchorage, what should the OOW do?

A

Monitor the VHF for orders for the vessel

186
Q

At sunrise and sunset, the effect of atmospheric refraction is to:

A

reduce he sun’s apparent vertical diameter

187
Q

At the summer solstice, the altitude of the sun at noon to an observer at the pole would be?

A

23.5°

188
Q

At the winter solstice, the sun will not rise at all higher latitudes than:

A

66.5°

189
Q

Charted depths are always measured below:

A

chart datum

190
Q

Curves on chart showing values of equal variation are called:

A

Isogonic

191
Q

Damping in azimuth in a gyro compass produces:

A

a setting position exactly on the meridian

192
Q

Damping in tilt in a gyro compass produces:

A

an error which varies with latitude

193
Q

Distance on a chart is measured using:

A

latitude sacle

194
Q

Fiber-optic compasses have advantages over conventional gyro compasses. From those listed, which is NOT one of those advantages?

A

They are more accurate

195
Q

For a circumpolar star, which from those listed is NOT true?

A

The LHA of the star will always be less than 90°

196
Q

Free gyroscopes are turned into gyro compasses by utilizing:

A

gravity

197
Q

From those listed which should be the preferred method position fixing for greatest accuracy and certainly of position?

A

taking a radar and visual bearing

198
Q

From those listed, the best and target to use for a radar bearing is:

A

an isolated feature

199
Q

From those listed, the best and target to use for radar ranging is a:

A

cliff face

200
Q

From those listed, which are “ soft iron” corrector?

A

The spheres

201
Q

From those listed, which is NOT a reason for having the standard magnetic compass high up and on the certerline in the ship?

A

In order to reduce the chance of damage

202
Q

From those listed, which is NOT a way of destroying magnetism?

A

Placing another magnet next to it with unlike poles together

203
Q

From those listed , which of the statement about magnetic variation is TRUE?

A

The value of variation at a place changes slowly

204
Q

From those listed, which of the statement about the dip of a magnet is TRUE?

A

At the magnetic equator, the dip is zero and the directive force greatest

205
Q

From those listed, which of the statement about the poles of a magnet is TRUE?

A

The red pole will attract a blue pole and is the north seeking end

206
Q

From those lited, which would be the preferred method of position fixing for greatest accuracy and certainty of position?

A

Taking a radar range and visual bearing

207
Q

Gaussin error of the magnetic compass is caused by:

A

the ships being on the same heading for a long period

208
Q

Gaussin or Retentive error:

A

is uncertain in size and may take several hours to clear

209
Q

Great circles appear as straight lines on:

A

gnomonic charts

210
Q

Heeling error is at its maximum when the course are:

A

north or south

211
Q

How are secondary port chosen to be linked with a particular standard port?

A

The standard port is is the nearest one with similar tidal characteristics

212
Q

How does a current flowing in the same direction as the wind affect the sea wave length and height?

A

It increases ave length and decreases wave height

213
Q

How is a ship’s permanent magnetism acquired during building?

A

By the hammering and heating processes while heading in the same direction in the building the yard

214
Q

How is distance measured on a Mercator chart?

A

On the latitude scale

215
Q

How many degrees are there in each point of the compass?

A

11.25

216
Q

How often are chart correction published?

A

Weekly

217
Q

How often is a chart catalogue published?

A

Annualy

218
Q

How often should a position fix be taken during a sea voyage if the ship is in open coastal waters?

A

Atleast every 30 minutes

219
Q

How often should the auto pilot be tested in manual mode?

A

At least once a watch

220
Q

How often should the magnetic compass error be checked?

A

Once a watch and after a major course alteration

221
Q

How should tidal predictions be made for stretches of coastline between Secondary Ports?

A

By using a co - tidal line chart

222
Q

If a ship has a permanent magnetism with a blue pole forward, the deviation caused will be;

A

zero on north and south, east on easterly, west on westerly courses

223
Q

If a ship has permanent magnetism with a blue pole to port, the deviation caused will be:

A

zero on east and west, west on northerly,east on southerly courses

224
Q

If a ship has permanent magnetism wit a red pole forward, the deviation caused will be:

A

zero on north and south,west on easterly,east on westerly courses

225
Q

If a ship is built a yard while heading south,the poles of permanent magnetism will be:

A

blue to the bow and red to the stern

226
Q

If a ship is built in a yard while heading east, the poles of permanent magnetism will be:

A

red to port and blue to starboard

227
Q

If a ship is built in a yard while heading north , the poles of permanent magnetism will be:

A

red to the bow and blue to the stern

228
Q

If a star has a northerly declination and the observer is in north latitude,which of the statements listed is TRUE?

A

The star will be above the horizon for more than 12 hours

229
Q

If the axis of a free gyroscope in a north latitude is horizontal and pointed to the east of north of the meridian,it will:

A

dry east and tilt up

230
Q

If the axis of a free gyroscope on the equator is horizontal,the northerly end of the spin axis will:

A

tilt up if to the east of the meidian

231
Q

If the OOW is in doubt as to the Pilot’s actions or Intentions,what must he do?

A

Seek clarification from the Pilot, notify the master and take corrective action

232
Q

If the trace is not correctly centered,error may occur when:

A

measuring bearings

233
Q

If the true transit bearing of two leading lights is red off the chart and the compass bearing of the two lights, when in transit,is taken,then the difference between the two bearings so obtained is the:

A

compas error

234
Q

In an echo sounder, what converts the electrical signal into sound?

A

The transducer

235
Q

In what direction does the axis of the gyro- compass wheel point?

A

True North

236
Q

In which publication can information on ship reporting be found?

A

ALRS

237
Q

In which publication can information on VTS be found?

A

ALRS

238
Q

Incoming target echoes are detected by the:

A

mixer cyrstal

239
Q

Latitude on the terrestrial sphere is comparable with what on the celestial sphere?

A

Declination

240
Q

Latitude,course and speed error of a gyro compass:

A

applies to all gyro compasses

241
Q

Magnetic compass deviation changes with:

A

heading

242
Q

Magnetic variation changes its value with:

A

the vessel’s position on the earth

243
Q

Marine radar wavelenghts are measured in:

A

centimeters

244
Q

Most commonly,ship’s radar operates in the:

A

X- BAND

245
Q

On the chart, to find the course to steer to make a good a course, allowing for current and leeway , the current and leeway would be applied:

A

current first, at the start of the run and then leeway

246
Q

Over what length of time a diesel powered vessel should be slowed down from full sea -speed to maneuvering speed?

A

1 hour

247
Q

Precession in relation to a free gycroscope is:

A

the change of dirction of the spin axis when a force is applies at right angles to the axis

248
Q

Radar does not transmit continuously because it would:

A

prevent detection of targets

249
Q

Radio signals travel a approximately a speed of:

A

300 milion meters per second

250
Q

Secondary Ports associated with Standard Ports are classed in that way because:

A

the tidal curves are similar

251
Q

Should the OOW, who is escorting the pilot to the pilot ladder, be equipped with a walkie-talkie for communication with the bridge?

A

Always

252
Q

Sidereal hour angle is defined as the angular distance of an hour circle:

A

West of the First Point of Aries

253
Q

Sounds waves will travel through:

A

gases, liquids and solids

254
Q

Spring tides normally occur:

A

about every two weeks

255
Q

Stars tabulated in the nautical almanac which have a negative magnitude (e.g. -1.4)?

A

Are very bright

256
Q

The “ equation” of time” is

A

the interval between apparent time and mean time

257
Q

The “ magnetic variation” is the angle between”

A

the geographic and magnetic meridians

258
Q

The angle between the magnetic north and the true north is :

A

Variation

259
Q

The axis of a free gyroscope is pointed at a star. From those listed, which is not correct?

A

The axis cannot be distributed from this direction while the rate of spin is maintained

260
Q

The chart abbreviation “Al Fl WR 60 secs” indicates:

A

a white flash followed immediately by a red flash every 60 seconds

261
Q

The commonest use of the ABC tables is to find the azimuth of a celestial body. These tables can also be used to:

A

find the initial course in a great circle sailing calculation

262
Q

The correction of atmospheric refraction as applied to the observed altitude of a body:

A

decreases with altitude

263
Q

The declination of a celestial body is the:

A

arc of the celestial meridian between the equinoctial and the parallel of declination passing through the body

264
Q

The deviation of a compass produced by a disturbing magnet varies:

A

inversely with the cube of the distance from the magnet

265
Q

The earth is said to be in “aphelion” on approximately:

A

4th July

266
Q

The earth is said to be in “perihelion” on approximately:

A

1st January

267
Q

The effect of gravity control makes the axis of the gyroscope:

A

move anti-clockwise around a central position in an ellipse

268
Q

The first point of Aries is the point on the celestial sphere where:

A

the ecliptic cuts the equinoctial on the sun’s apparent path from south to north

269
Q

The free gyroscope are turned into gyro compasses by utilizing:

A

gravity

270
Q

The frequency of a radio wave is:

A

the number if wavelengths which pass a given point in one second

271
Q

The GPS system uses satellites which:

A

circle on earth approximately twice each day in a precise orbit

272
Q

The GPS system uses:

A

UHF radio signals

273
Q

The horizontal distance between the adjacent crest of a radio wave is called:

A

the wavelength

274
Q

The intensity of the election beam in the C.R.T. is controlled by:

A

varying the potential on the grid

275
Q

The intermediate frequency is generated by the:

A

mixer crystal

276
Q

The magnetic equator is:

A

the line joining places where the dip is zero

277
Q

The magnetic force exerted at any point in the magnetic field varies:

A

inversely with the square of the distance from the magnet

278
Q

The magnitude of a star is a measure of its:

A

Relative brightness

279
Q

The magnitude of a star which can only just be seen with the naked eye on a clear, dark night is:

A

6th magnitude

280
Q

The main source of error in a GPS position would be from:

A

Satellite clock error

281
Q

The moon rotates around the earth approximately:

A

28 days

282
Q

The moon spins on its axis approximately every:

A

28 days

283
Q

The most appropriate chart for navigating when approaching a harbour is:

A

a large scale chart

284
Q

The path of the moon’s rotation around the earth, relative to the plane of the earth rotation the sun is:

A

at an angle of 5°

285
Q

The path of the earth’s rotation around the sun, relative to the plane of the equator is:

A

at an angle of 23.5°

286
Q

The period of a semi-diurnal tide is approximately:

A

half a lunar day

287
Q

The plane of the index mirror of the sextant is at an angle of 20° to the plane of the horizon mirror. What is the reading on the arc?

A

40°

288
Q

The point at which the helm must be applies to achieve a required course alteration is called the:

A

wheel-over position

289
Q

The principle of a fiber-optic “gyro” compass relies on:

A

three fiber-optic rings, mounted on a platform, which sense the rotations of the platform due to ship and earth movement

290
Q

The process of turning a gravity controlled gryroscope into a compass is called:

A

damping

291
Q

The relationship between the distance on the earth and the length by which that distance is shown on the navigational chart is called the:

A

natural scale

292
Q

The ship’s magnetic compass should be adjusted following certain circumstances. From those listed, which is NOT one of those circumstances?

A

When a new Master joins the ship

293
Q

The ship’s magnetic compass should be especially checked for error following certain circumstances. From those listed, which is not one of those circumstances?

A

If the ship has visited an areas with a large value of variation

294
Q

The shortest distance between two points on the earth’s surface is:

A

An arc of a great circle

295
Q

The sidereal hour angle of a celestial body is the:

A

arc of the equinoctial (measured westwards from the first point of Aries) to the celestial meridian through the body

296
Q

The summer solstice in the northern hemisphere is approximately on:

A

21st June

297
Q

The summer solstice in the southern hemisphere is approximately on:

A

21st December

298
Q

The sun is at the first point of Aries on the celestial sphere at approximately:

A

21st March

299
Q

The times of sunrise and sunset are tabulated in the Nautical Almanac. These times are:

A

The LMT when the upper limb is on the visible horizon for an observer at sea level

300
Q

The two unique properties of a free gyroscope are:

A

precession and gyroscopic inertia

301
Q

The unit which sends returning target echoes to the receiver is the:

A

scanner unit

302
Q

The value of the “equation of time” is:

A

between zero and about 17 minutes

303
Q

The vertex of a great circle is the point at which it:

A

comes nearest to the pole

304
Q

The vertical force of the earth’s magnetism:

A

does not cause deviation of the magnetic compass

305
Q

The vessel is on a steady bearing and the range is reducing. What action would you take?

A

sound two short blasts and alter course to port

306
Q

To an observer at the south pole, at the beginning of September:

A

there will be twilight throughout the day

307
Q

To convert a compass course to a magnetic course, it is necessary to apply:

A

deviation

308
Q

To convert a magnetic course to a true course, it is necessary to apply:

A

variation

309
Q

Under soundings marked on the chart, the nature of the sea bottom is also indicated. What does SH indicate?

A

Shells

310
Q

Variation values change for a particular place because:

A

the magnetic poles are moving their positions in relation to the geographic poles

311
Q

What are sailing directions also known as?

A

Pilot books

312
Q

What chart should be used when navigating?

A

The largest scale chart onboard for the area which is properly corrected

313
Q

What charts are used for coasting, pilotage waters and plotting waypoints?

A

Large scale

314
Q

What charts are used for plotting Great Circle course?

A

Gnomonic

315
Q

What do you call the error in the observed altitude of the sun, which results from the observer being on the surface of the earth not at its center?

A

Parallax

316
Q

What is “side error” on a marine sextant?

A

When the horizon glass/mirror is not perpendicular to the plane of the sextant

317
Q

What is mean by “retentive magnetism” with regard to a ship’s magnetic compass?

A

The ship retains induced magnetism if the ship has been heading in the same direction for a considerable period

318
Q

What is the “error or collimation” on a marine sextant?

A

When the telescope is not parallel to the plane of the sextant

319
Q

What is the “error of perpendicularity” on a marine sextant?

A

When the index mirror is not perpendicular to the plane of the sextant

320
Q

What is the angle between the ecliptic and equinoctial?

A

23.5°

321
Q

What is the definition of the “geographic range” of a light?

A

The maximum distance at which a light may be seen, limited only by the curvature of the earth, in perfect visibility

322
Q

What is the definition of the “luminous range” of a light?

A

The maximum distance at which a light may be seen, under prevailing meteorological conditions

323
Q

What is the definition of the “nominal” range of a light?

A

the maximum distance at which a light may be seen in clear weather

324
Q

What is the east-west distance between two points called?

A

Departure

325
Q

What is the line roughly following the 180th meridian called?

A

The date line

326
Q

What is the main advantage of a liquid compass over a dry card compass?

A

it is steadier than a dry card compass

327
Q

What is the main purpose of frequently recording deviation of the ship’s magnetic compass in a log or compass deviation book?

A

To enable unforeseen changes to deviation to be quickly detected

328
Q

What is the meaning of the symbol CL on a navigational chart?

A

Clay

329
Q

What is the usual datum for a port or area from which predicted tidal heights are calculated?

A

The lowest astronomical tide level

330
Q

What is the vertical distance on a given day between the water surface at high and low water called?

A

Range of tides

331
Q

What is true of the tide at an amphidromic point?

A

The-tidal range is zero

332
Q

What would you adjust in an attempt to eliminate index error of a sextant?

A

The horizon glass

333
Q

What would you say about a ship which is course unstable?

A

When you apply rudder, she will continue to turn long after the rudder is returned to amidships

334
Q

When a force is applied at right angles to the spin axis of free gyroscope, the axis moves:

A

at 90° to the torque in the direction of the spin

335
Q

When soft iron is induced by the earth’s magnetism:

A

there is said to be a red pole at the end directed towards the north

336
Q

When the index mirror and the horizon mirror of the sextant are parallel, the sextant should read:

A

0°

337
Q

When the moon is in opposition, the tide is:

A

a spring tide

338
Q

When the moon is in quadrature, the tide is:

A

a neap tide

339
Q

When the sun and moon are in near conjunction or opposition the tides are called:

A

spring

340
Q

When tides are classes as being diurnal, there will be:

A

one high water and one low water each tidal day

341
Q

When using a buoy as an aid to navigation, which of the following should always be considered?

A

The buoy may not be in its charted position

342
Q

When using great circle sailing the saving in distance is the most when:

A

the course is E-W, nearer to the poles

Nautical Reviewer (10 decks)

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