Mitosis

Question 1

What is Mitosis?

Answer 1

• The division of the nucleus and subsequent cytokinesis of a eukaryotic to produce two identical daughter cells

Question 2

What is Mitosis used for?

Answer 2

• growth
• tissue repair
• asexual reproduction

Question 3

How is growth used in mitosis?

Answer 3

• a fertilized egg grows by mutiple mitotic divisions and differentiation to form an embryo and foetus later
• Babies grow into adults by mitosis

Question 4

How is Tissue Repair used in mitosis?

Answer 4

• damaged or worn out tissues is replaced by mitosis

Question 5

How is asexual reproduction used in mitosis?

Answer 5

• offspring are genetically identical
• in animals, plants and fungi

Question 6

What are centrioles?

Answer 6

• components of the cytoskeleton of most eukaryotic cells, composed of microtubules

Question 7

what are centrosomes?

Answer 7

• an organelle near the nucleus of the cell which contains the centrioles and from which spindle fibres develop in cell division

Question 8

What are chromosomes?

Answer 8

• structures of condensed and coiled DNA in the form of chromatin

Question 9

What are chromatids?

Answer 9

• two identical copies of DNA held together at a centromere

Question 10

What are centromere?

Answer 10

• a region at which two chromatids are held together

Question 11

What happens at interphase?

Answer 11

• each chromosome replicates during cell division to form an identical copy of chromatid.

Question 12

what happens in prophase ?

Answer 12

• chromsomes comprimise of two genetically identical threads called sister chromatids joined by a centromere
• nuclear envelope disappears
• the centrioles move to the poles of the cells, producing a network of spindle fibres between them

Question 13

what happens in metaphase ?

Answer 13

• the chromosomes move to the equator of the cell
• each one becomes attached to a spindle fibre by its centromere

Question 14

what happens in anaphase ?

Answer 14

• the spindle fibres contract, which separates the sister chromatids
• spindle fibres pull the chromatids towards opposite poles of the cell centromere

Question 15

what is telophase ?

Answer 15

• nuclear envelope forms around each pole to form two new nuclei
• chromosomes start to uncoil
• spindle fibres breakdown
• two new daughter cells are formed