mitosis + cell cycle Flashcards
(10 cards)
1
Q
do prokaryotes undergo mitosis?
A
no only eukarytos divide by mitosis or meisois
prokaryotes replicate by binary fission
viruses replicate
viruses do not undergo cell division as they are non living
2
Q
what are the three stages of the cell cycle?
A
- interphase (G1, S, G2)
- nuclear division (mitosis or meiosis)
- cytokinesis
3
Q
state and explain the stages of interphase
A
G1:
- cell grows
- new organelles and proteins are made
S:
- DNA replication
G2:
- cell continues to grow
- proteins needed for cell division are made
4
Q
what are the stages of mitosis?
A
- prophase
- metaphase
- anaphase
- telophase
5
Q
what is prophase?
A
- chromosomes condense and become visible
- centrioles move to opposite poles of cell
- spindle fibres form
- nuclear membrane breaks down
6
Q
what is metaphase?
A
- chromosomes line up along equator of cell
-attath to spindle fibres at centromere
7
Q
what is anaphase?
A
- centromeres divide, separating each pair of sister chromatids
- spindle fibres contract, pulling chromatids to opposite poles of cell
8
Q
what is telophase?
A
- chromosomes uncoil + become longer and thinner
- nuclear envelope reforms
9
Q
what is cytokinesis?
A
- cytoplasm divides
- forming two genetically identical daughter cells
10
Q
how do you calculate mitotic index?
A
number of cells with visible chromosomes/total number of cells
