prokaryotic cell structures Flashcards
(10 cards)
1
Q
state how prokaryotic cells are different from eukaryotic cells
A
- cells are much smaller
- prokaryotic cells have capsule, whereas, eukaryotic cells do not have capsule
- eukaryotic cells contain mitochondria, whereas, prokaryotic cells do not
- no membrane bound organelles
- smaller ribosomes
- eukaryotic dna is bound to histones, whereas, prokaryotic dna is not associated with histones/proteins
- no nucleus
- cell wall made of murein
may also contain:
- plasmids
- a capsule around the cell
- flagella
2
Q
do prokarytotic cells contain ribosomes?
A
yes
only organelle shared between eukaryotes and prokaryotes
3
Q
what is the difference between eukaryotic ribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes
A
eukaryotic - large, 80s
prokaryotic - smaller, 70s
3
Q
where else might you find 70s ribosomes?
A
- mitochondria
- chloroplasts
4
Q
do prokayotes contain a nucleus?
A
no - instead there is a circular dna molecule loose in cytoplasm
- not histone proteins bound
5
Q
what is the structure of a prokaryotic cell wall?
A
- contains murein (glycoprotein)
6
Q
what is a plasmid?
A
- small loops of DNA which only carries a few genes
7
Q
what is a capsule?
(structure)
A
- slimy layer made of protein
8
Q
what is the function of a capsule?
A
- prevents the bacteria from desiccating (drying out)
- protects bacteria against hosts immune system
9
Q
what is the function of the flagella?
A
rotates at base to enable bacteria to move
