Mitosis/Meisosis Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is the cell cycle?
The series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication.
What are the parts of the cell cycle?
G1, S, G2, M phase
What happens in the G1 phase of the cell cycle?
Cell growth and preparation for DNA replication.
What happens in the S phase of the cell cycle?
DNA synthesis and replication.
What happens in the G2 phase of the cell cycle?
Further cell growth and preparation for mitosis.
What happens in the M phase of the cell cycle?
Mitosis and cytokinesis occur.
What happens during Interphase of the cell cycle?
Cell growth and DNA replication occur during G1, S, and G2 phases.
What is chromosome structure composed of?
Sister chromatids, centromere, genes.
What are the phases of mitosis?
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase (PMAT).
What is cytokinesis?
The process that divides the cytoplasm of a parental cell into two daughter cells.
What is a cell plate?
A structure that forms during cell division in plant cells.
What type of cell forms a cell plate during cell division?
Plant cells.
What is the purpose of Meiosis?
To produce gametes with half the number of chromosomes.
What is a tetrad?
A group of four chromatids formed during meiosis.
When do tetrads form?
During Prophase I of meiosis.
What is crossing over?
The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes.
What is genetic recombination?
The process of forming new allelic combinations in offspring.
How do mitosis and meiosis differ?
Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells; meiosis results in four genetically diverse gametes.
Mitosis occurs in what types of cells?
Somatic cells.
Meiosis occurs in what types of cells?
Germ cells.
What are gametes?
Reproductive cells that unite during fertilization.
What are the types of gametes?
Egg and sperm.
What are polar bodies?
Cells that result from oocyte division but do not develop into ova.
What is a zygote?
The fertilized egg formed by the union of sperm and egg.
