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Science - Grade 8 > Mix and Flow of Matter > Flashcards

Mix and Flow of Matter Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q
A

Compressed gasses

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2
Q
A

Flammable and combustible material

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3
Q
A

Oxidizing material

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4
Q
A

Poisonous and infectious materials

Division 1: Immiediate and toxic effects

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5
Q
A

Poisonous and Infectious materials -

Division 2 - materials causing other toxic effects

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6
Q
A

Biohazard

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7
Q
A

Corrosive

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8
Q
A

Reactive

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9
Q

name the 3 states of matter

A

solid

liquid

gas

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10
Q

pure substance

A

a material that contains only one kind of particle

(examples: hydrogen, carbon, diamond)

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11
Q

solute

A

a substance that disolves in a solvent

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12
Q

solvent

A

a substance that dissolves a solute to form a solution

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13
Q

concentration

A

the varying degrees of the amount of solute in a solvent

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14
Q

solubility

A

the mass of a solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent
to form a saturated solution at a given temperature

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15
Q

Particle Model of Matter

A

all matter is made up of tiny particles (atoms and molecules)

these particles are constantly moving

have big spaces between them

held together by strong attractive forces

each pure substance has unique particles

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16
Q

properties of fluids

A

any substance the flows

(includes liquids and gasses)

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17
Q

solids

A

the state of matter in which a substance has a definite shape and volume

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18
Q

pressure

A

a force acting perpendicular
to a certain surface area

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19
Q

Use the Particle Theory of Matter to explain:

temperature on viscosity of liquids

A

As temp increases, particles move faster and bonds break causing
materials to flow more easily, making the viscosity less

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20
Q

Use the Particle Theory of Matter to explain:

temperature on viscosity of gasses

A

As temperature increases, particles move faster which means the free gas particles are more likely to collide, which makes harder to flow wich makes viscosity more

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21
Q

Use the Particle Theory of Matter to explain:

temperature on density

A

As temp increases, particles move dfaster and bonds break
between particles, causing them to move further apart.

This makes the material less dense.

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22
Q

Describe the amount of movement particles have in:

  • solids
  • liquids
  • gasses
A

solids: just vibrating
liquids: moving freely, sliding past each other
gases: moving at random, quickly and bouncing off each other

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23
Q

Draw a diagram of the “chart” of each type of matter…

starting with Matter at the top

A

..

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24
Q

homogeneous mixture

A

looks like only one substance

Particles are intermingled (mixed)

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25
heterogeneous mixture
looks like 2 or more different substance mixed together particles are clumped together
26
mechanical mixture
mixtures that are obviously heterogeneous
27
suspension
a heterogeneous mixture in which particles settle slowly after mixing
28
colloid
a heterogeneous mixture in which particles do not settle
29
How can you tell if a sample of matter is a **pure substance**?
it contains only one kind of particle
30
How can you tell if a sample of matter is a **suspension**?
if particles settle slowly after mixing
31
Describe ways to separate mixtures
picking out with tongs filtration floatation magnetism settling (or sedimentation) evaporation distillation
32
What is meant when we say a solution is: - unsaturated? - saturated?
Unsaturated: more solute will be able to dissolve at a given temperature Saturated: No more solute will be able to dissolve at a given temperature.
33
name 3 ways to increase solubility
increase the temperature or heat increase surface area increase agitation or stirring
34
how can you increase the rate at which substances flow through a pipe?
make the pipes diameter larger increase the temperature
35
Do less dense materials float or sink?
float
36
What do you use in an experiment to measure: a) mass b) volume c) buoyant force (and what is the formula for calculating buoyant force of a liquid
a) spring scale b) measuring cylinder or overflow can (which uses displacement) c) spring scale bouyant force = weight in air - weight in liquid
37
What is the formula for density?
Density = mass/volume
38
Why do bodies of water with more salt have a greater buoyant force?
Because they have **more particles pushing up** on the submerged object.
39
Why can gasses be compressed more easily than solids or liquids?
because there are larger spaces between the particles
40
Describe Pascal's law
a law stating that when pressure is exerted on one part of a fluid, the same pressure is transmitted unchanged to all parts of the fluid, no matter what the shape of the container holding the fluid
41
You have a substance that is 58 g and displaces 29ml of water. What is the density of the substance? 152g/ml 2g 152 ml 2g/ml
2g/ml
42
solid
state of matter in which a substance has a **definite shape** and a **definite volume**
43
liquid
the state of matter in which substances have a **definite volume** but **no definite shape** (water)
44
gas
the state of matter in which a substance has neither a **definite shape** nor a **definite volume** (water vapour)
45
pure substance
a material that contains only one kid of particle can be an **element** or a **compound**
46
properties
characteristics that describe matter
47
mixture
a combination of **two or more pure substances** such as that each one's properties are not lost but may be hidden
48
solution
a **homogeneous mixture** of **two or more pure substances**
49
agitation
stirring or shaking
50
saturated solution
a solution in which no more solute will disolve in a specific amount of solvent at a specific temperature
51
unsaturated solution
solution in which more of a solute could dissolve in a specific amount of solvent at the same temperature
52
supersaturated
a solution that contains more solute than would normally dissolve at a certain temperature
53
insoluble
not able to be dissolved in a particular substance
54
viscosity
the measure of how fast a fluid will flow. the thickness or thinness of a fluid.
55
flow rate
the volume of fluid that passes a point in a pipe or tube in a certain amount of time
56
mass
the amount of matter in a substance often measured with a balance
57
volume
the measurement of the amount of space occupied by a substance; measured in litres or cubic units such as cubic centimeters
58
density
the amount of mass in a certain unit volume of a substance density = mass divided by volume
59
weight
the force of gravity exerted on a mass
60
force
a push or pull, or anything that causes a change in motion of an object
61
buoyancy
the tendency to rise or float in a fluid
62
buoyant force
the upward force exerted on objects submerged in or floating on a fluid
63
average density
the total mass of an object divided by the total volume
64
saturation points
65
emulsion
a mixture in which droplets of fat are prevented from joining together by an emulsifying agent
66
dissolving
breaking up; forming a solution by mixing two or more materials together
67
Archimedes' principle
a scientific principle stating that the buoyant force acting on a submerged object equals the weight of the fluid displaced by the object
68
hydrometer
an instrument designed to meausure the density of a liquid
69
Pascal (PA)
Pascal a unit for pressure; newtons per square metre (N/m2)
70
kilopascal (kPa)
a unit of pressure equal to 1000 pascals
71
hydraulic system
a device that transmits an applied force through a liquid to move something else by means of pressure
72
pneumatic system
a system in which a gas, such as air, transmits a force exerted on the gas in an enclosed space
73
barometer
the most common device for measuring air pressure

Science - Grade 8 (5 decks)

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