Mix of Unit 1-9

Question 1

What was the Encomienda System?

Answer 1

A Spanish system that divided Native American labor among conquistadors providing protection and education in exchange for tribute.

Question 2

What are Joint-Stock Companies?

Answer 2

Business ventures where investors buy stock allowing for the funding of colonies in North America

Question 3

Who are the Pueblo Indians?

Answer 3

Native Americans of the southwestern U.S. known for adobe dwellings and revolting against Spanish rule

Question 4

What was the Asiento System?

Answer 4

A Spanish system of slavery that taxed the importation of African slaves to the Americas laying groundwork for the Triangular Trade.

Question 5

What happened at Roanoke?

Answer 5

An early English colony that mysteriously disappeared with only “CROATOAN” carved into a tree as a clue to their fate.

Question 6

What was the House of Burgesses?

Answer 6

The first legislative assembly in the American colonies established in Virginia in 1642

Question 7

What is Mercantilism?

Answer 7

An economic theory emphasizing that trade generates wealth and that colonies should supply the mother country fostering colonial expansion.

Question 8

What are Cash Crops?

Answer 8

Crops grown primarily for profit rather than subsistence such as sugar

Question 9

What is the Triangular Trade?

Answer 9

A trade route between Africa the New World

Question 10

What is the order of colonization of the colonies?

Answer 10

Virginia, New York

Question 11

What is the Bill of Rights?

Answer 11

The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution that protect individual liberties and limit governmental power.

Question 12

What was the Boston Massacre?

Answer 12

A deadly confrontation in 1770 between colonists and British soldiers, used as propaganda to fuel anti-British sentiment.

Question 13

What was the Boston Tea Party?

Answer 13

A protest against the Tea Act in 1773 where colonists dumped British tea into Boston Harbor

Question 14

What are Checks and Balances?

Answer 14

A system separating government powers into three branches to prevent any one branch from gaining too much power.

Question 15

What is the Constitution?

Answer 15

The foundational document of the U.S. government that established its structure powers

Question 16

What is the Declaration of Independence?

Answer 16

A 1776 document authored by Thomas Jefferson outlining the colonies’ reasons for breaking from British rule.

Question 17

Who were the Sons of Liberty?

Answer 17

A group of colonial activists opposing British rule and taxation including notable figures like Samuel Adams and Paul Revere.

Question 18

What was the Embargo Act?

Answer 18

A law by Thomas Jefferson in 1807 that prohibited American ships from trading with foreign ports harming the economy.

Question 19

What was the War of 1812?

Answer 19

A conflict between the U.S. and Britain over maritime rights impressment of sailors

Question 20

What was the Hartford Convention?

Answer 20

A meeting of Federalists in 1814 to discuss grievances regarding the War of 1812 and propose constitutional amendments.

Question 21

What was the Tariff of Abominations?

Answer 21

A controversial tariff passed in 1828 that protected northern industries but harmed southern economies foreshadowing the Civil War.

Question 22

What is the Cult of Domesticity?

Answer 22

A social ideology that defined women’s roles as caregivers and homemakers promoting submission to male authority.

Question 23

What is the Monroe Doctrine?

Answer 23

A U.S. policy warning European nations against further colonization in the Americas establishing a sphere of influence.

Question 24

What was Marbury v. Madison?

Answer 24

A landmark Supreme Court case that established judicial review allowing the Court to invalidate unconstitutional laws.

Question 25

What was the Emancipation Proclamation?

Answer 25

An executive order by Abraham Lincoln freeing slaves in Confederate states during the Civil War.

Question 26

What was the Fugitive Slave Act?

Answer 26

A law that mandated the return of runaway slaves increasing tensions leading to the Civil War.

Question 27

What was the Missouri Compromise?

Answer 27

A 1820 agreement admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state maintaining the balance in Congress.

Question 28

What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

Answer 28

A law allowing territories to decide on slavery through popular sovereignty leading to violent conflict known as Bleeding Kansas.

Question 29

What was the Surrender at Appomattox Court House?

Answer 29

The event where Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union General Ulysses S. Grant effectively ending the Civil War.

Question 30

What was the Gilded Age?

Answer 30

A period from 1870-1900 marked by economic growth and social issues highlighting the contrast between wealth and poverty.

Question 31

What is Laissez-Faire Economics?

Answer 31

An economic approach promoting minimal government intervention in the economy allowing businesses to operate freely.

Question 32

Who were JP Morgan, John D. Rockefeller, and Andrew Carnegie?

Answer 32

Influential business magnates who dominated American industries in the late 19th century, shaping the economy.

Question 33

What is Horizontal Integration?

Answer 33

A business strategy of consolidating with competitors to create a monopoly often used by Rockefeller.

Question 34

What is Vertical Integration?

Answer 34

A business model where a company controls all stages of production from raw materials to distribution

Question 35

What was the Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890?

Answer 35

The first federal law aimed at preventing monopolies and promoting competition in U.S. industries.

Question 36

What is the New South?

Answer 36

A movement by Southern leaders to modernize the economy and diversify agriculture after the Civil War.

Question 37

What is the Roosevelt Corollary?

Answer 37

An extension of the Monroe Doctrine asserting U.S. intervention in Latin American affairs to maintain stability.

Question 38

What does “Speak Softly

Answer 38

A phrase summarizing Roosevelt's foreign policy approach and Carry a Big Stick” mean?

Question 39

What was the Transcontinental Railroad?

Answer 39

A railroad connecting the East and West coasts of the U.S. facilitating trade and settlement.

Question 40

What were Wilson’s 14 Points?

Answer 40

A statement of principles for peace negotiations to end World War I and promote self-determination and free trade.

Question 41

What was the Great Depression?

Answer 41

A severe worldwide economic downturn in the 1930s characterized by high unemployment and deflation.

Question 42

What was the Manhattan Project?

Answer 42

A secret U.S. project to develop the atomic bomb during World War II led by physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer.

Question 43

What was the Potsdam Conference?

Answer 43

A meeting of Allied leaders after WWII to discuss Germany's postwar reorganization and the future of Europe.

Question 44

What was the Scopes Monkey Trial?

Answer 44

A legal case in 1925 testing the Butler Act which prohibited the teaching of evolution in Tennessee schools.

Question 45

What was the Bay of Pigs?

Answer 45

A failed U.S. invasion of Cuba in 1961 aiming to overthrow Fidel Castro's government.

Question 46

What was the Red Scare?

Answer 46

A period of intense fear of communism in the U.S. during the late 1940s and early 1950s marked by McCarthyism.

Question 47

What was the Kent State Massacre?

Answer 47

The killing of four college students by National Guardsmen during a protest against the Vietnam War in 1970.

Question 48

What is Détente?

Answer 48

A period of relaxed tensions between the U.S. and the USSR during the Cold War marked by diplomatic negotiations.

Question 49

What is Domino Theory?

Answer 49

The belief that if one country fell to communism neighboring countries would also succumb

Question 50

What was the Fall of the Berlin Wall?

Answer 50

The 1989 event symbolizing the end of the Cold War and the reunification of Germany.

Question 51

What were the Attacks of September 11 2001?

Answer 51

Terrorist attacks by al-Qaeda that targeted the World Trade Center and the Pentagon

Question 52

What is the Affordable Care Act?

Answer 52

A 2010 law aimed at reforming healthcare in the U.S. to increase coverage and reduce costs.