Mixtures, Solutions Etc

Question 1

What is a mixture?

Answer 1

Several substances mixed together, not chemically bonded

Question 2

State 4 differences between mixtures and substances?

Answer 2

Mixture:
Not chemically joined together
Easy to separate
Each substance remain unique
There is no limit to amount of substances that can be mixed

Compound:
Chemically bonded together
Different property to its elements
Chemical reaction
Amount of substance is relative to its elements

Question 3

Describe how to find out if a substance is pure?

Answer 3

Melt the samples and record status at one minute intervals. Substance is pure if it has a sharp melting point…

Question 4

Describe toothpaste substances

Answer 4

Hydrated silica - remove plaque
Sodium flouride - prevents cavities
Sodium laurl sulfate - foams
Carrageenan - thickens
Titanium oxide - white

Question 5

What is a solution?

Answer 5

Solution is a solvent and solute

Question 6

Describe arrangement of particles in a solution?

Answer 6

Particles of the solvent surround particles of a solute

Question 7

Can gases dissolve?

Answer 7

Carbon dioxide in fizzy drinks which are dissolved and then released when bottle is open

Question 8

What is solubility?

Answer 8

Amount of solute that can be dissolved in 100g water. Temperature impacts amount that can be dissolved.

Question 9

What is saturated solution?

Answer 9

Maximum amount of solute tgat can be dissolved in a solvent. There may be a little solute visibke in the solution

Question 10

What is filtration?

Answer 10

Process that separates solvent from an insoluble solute. Residue is left in the filter paper and the filtrate is the solvent in the conical flask.

Question 11

Name 3 types of solvent?

Answer 11

Water, propanone, ethanol

Question 12

Describe a solubility curve ie x and y axis

Answer 12

Different masses of different solutes that can be dissolved in 100g of water as the temperature increases by 10 degrees. Temp is on x axis and mass is on y axis.

Question 13

What is chromatography?

Answer 13

Process that separates different substances dissolved in tha same solvent

Question 14

What is chromatogram?

Answer 14

The results of separating diiferent substances which is visual om chromatography paper ie water travels up the paper and different substances travel at different points

Question 15

What impacts how substances travel up the paper?

Answer 15

More soluble
React to paper differently
Higher concentrations?

Question 16

What is distillation?

Answer 16

The process which separates soluble solute from a solution, to obtain the solvent, using evaporation and condensation.

Question 17

What is evaporation?

Answer 17

Process which separates soluble solute from solvent

Question 18

3 uses of evaporation?

Answer 18

Glue
Lithium for batteries
Salt

Question 19

What is filtration?

Answer 19

Process used to separate insoluble solute from a solution. Filter the solution, the insoluble solute, residue will remain in the filter paper. The solvent, filtrate will be poured into the conical flask.

Question 20

3 examples of filtration

Answer 20

Coffee beans from coffee soln
Oil filter in a car
Sand and water

Question 21

Equation States of solid, liquid, gas

Answer 21

S, aq, l

Question 22

What is a thermite reaction?

Answer 22

Heating two solids to create an exothermic reaction

Question 23

What is an ore?

Answer 23

Metal that can be extracted from rock, typically metal oxide and compounds

Question 24

What are the two main stages for extracting metal from its ore?

Answer 24

1. Remove compounds
2. Chemical reaction to separate metal oxide