Mnemonics

Question 1

O - OPQRST

Answer 1

Onset: Did this come on suddenly or gradually?

Question 2

P - OPQRST

Answer 2

Provoke or Palliate: Does anything make it “worse” or “better?”

Question 3

Q - OPQRST

Answer 3

Quality: Can you describe the pain? (Sharp, dull, throbbing, tearing)

Question 4

R - OPQRST

Answer 4

Region, Radiation, or Recurrence: Where does it hurt? Does the pain radiate? Has this happened before?

Question 5

S - OPQRST

Answer 5

On scale of 1-10, how would you rate this pain?

Question 6

T - OPQRST

Answer 6

Time: How long has this been going on?

Question 7

A - AVPU

Answer 7

Alert (tracking w/ eyes)

Question 8

V - AVPU

Answer 8

Responsive to Verbal Stimuli

Question 9

P - AVPU

Answer 9

Responsive to Painful Stimuli

Question 10

U - AVPU

Answer 10

Unresponsive

Question 11

S - SAMPLE

Answer 11

Signs and Symptoms

Evaluate signs/symptoms (Use “OPQRST”)

Question 12

A - SAMPLE

Answer 12

Allergies

Allergic to any medications, foods, anything?

Question 13

M - SAMPLE

Answer 13

Medications

Any prescribed meds? Taking as prescribed?

Question 14

P - SAMPLE

Answer 14

Pertinent past history?

Any past medical problems? Heart disease, high blood pressure, Asthma, Emphysema, Diabetes, etc.

Question 15

L - SAMPLE

Answer 15

Last oral intake

Last thing you ate or drank?

Question 16

E - SAMPLE

Answer 16

Events leading to injury or illness

Question 17

B - BELLSRPGO

Answer 17

Blood Pressure

Question 18

E - BELLSRPGO

Answer 18

Eyes (PEARL)

Question 19

L1 - BELLSRPGO

Answer 19

Lung Sounds

Question 20

L2 - BELLSRPGO

Answer 20

Level of consciousness (Glascow or A&Ox3)

Question 21

S - BELLSRPGO

Answer 21

Skin Signs (Color, temp, moisture)

Question 22

R - BELLSRPGO

Answer 22

Respirations

Question 23

P - BELLSRPGO

Answer 23

Pulse

Question 24

G - BELLSRPGO

Answer 24

Glascow Coma Scale

Question 25

O - BELLSRPGO

Answer 25

Oximeter

Question 26

PERLA

Answer 26

Pupils Equal Round React to Light Accomodation

Question 27

P - PENMAN

Answer 27

Personal, Partner, Patient Safety Traffic, unstable surfaces, fuel leaks, electrical lines, potential for violence, fire or smoke, hazmat, crime scene. If scene is unsafe, make it safe. If not possible, do not enter! Request LEO or other assistance.

Question 28

E - PENMAN

Answer 28

Environmental Hazards Heat, rain, snow, smoke, crowds, terrain, hazmat

Question 29

N - PENMAN

Answer 29

Number of Patients

Question 30

M - PENMAN

Answer 30

Mechanism of Injury (MOI) or Nature of Illness (NOI) Medical patients NOI Trauma patients MOI

Question 31

A - PENMAN

Answer 31

Additional Resources Medical Resources: Additional units, ALS, Psychiatric Emergency Response Team (PET/PERT) Non-Medical Resources: Fire suppression, hazmat, rescue, law enforcement

Question 32

N - PENMAN

Answer 32

Need for extrication/Spinal Immobilization

Question 33

C - COPS

Answer 33

Capillary Refill < 2 sec normal > 2 sec poor perfusion

Question 34

O - COPS

Answer 34

Obvious Bleeding Always control bleeding. Direct pressure - elevation Tourniquet if unable to control

Question 35

P - COPS

Answer 35

Pulse Radial if conscious Carotid if unconscious

Question 36

S - Skin Signs

Answer 36

Color, Temp, Moisture

Question 37

A - ABCDEFI

Answer 37

Airway Patent or Obstructed? Open airway (suction PRN), Heal-Tilt-Chin-Lift, Modified Jaw Thrust. Insert airway PRN Transport C-3 if unable to open airway.

Question 38

B - ABCDEFI

Answer 38

Breathing Rate - Fast, Slow, Normal, Absent Rhythm - Regular, Irregular Quality - Air movement, chest expansion Depth - Tidal Volume Rapid Chest Auscultation - (for SOB) @ 5th-6th intercostal space, mid axillary line. Start O2 when necessary

Question 39

C - ABCDEFI

Answer 39

Circulation COPS

Question 40

D - ABCDEFI

Answer 40

Deformity / Disability Ask for disability Neuro deficits, abnormal body position.

Question 41

E - ABCDEFI

Answer 41

Expose Expose, visualize, and palpate complaints.

Question 42

F - ABCDEFI

Answer 42

Formulate Formulate a field impression (what you know so far)

Question 43

I - ABCDEFI

Answer 43

Identify Identify priority and transport decision. Rapid Medical or Rapid Trauma OR Comprehensive Medical Assessment

Question 44

D - DCAPBLSTIC

Answer 44

Deformities

Question 45

C - DCAPBLSTIC

Answer 45

Contusions

Question 46

A - DCAPBLSTIC

Answer 46

Abrasions

Question 47

P - DCAPBLSTIC

Answer 47

Punctures / Penetrations

Question 48

B - DCAPBLSTIC

Answer 48

Burns

Question 49

L - DCAPBLSTIC

Answer 49

Lacerations

Question 50

S - DCAPBLSTIC

Answer 50

Swelling

Question 51

T - DCAPBLSTIC

Answer 51

Tenderness

Question 52

I - DCAPBLSTIC

Answer 52

Instability

Question 53

C - DCAPBLSTIC

Answer 53

Crepitus

Question 54

A - AEIOUTIPS

Answer 54

Alcohol, Allergic reaction, anoxia

Question 55

E - AEIOUTIPS

Answer 55

Epilepsy, electrolyte imbalance

Question 56

I - AEIOUTIPS

Answer 56

Insulin (hypo-hyperglycemia)

Question 57

O - AEIOUTIPS

Answer 57

Overdose

Question 58

U - AEIOUTIPS

Answer 58

Under-dose, uremia

Question 59

T - AEIOUTIPS

Answer 59

Trauma

Question 60

I - AEIOUTIPS

Answer 60

Infection

Question 61

P - AEIOUTIPS

Answer 61

Psychiatric, post-ictal, poisoning, palpitation

Question 62

S - AEIOUTIPS

Answer 62

Stroke, seizure