MNT Part 1

Question 1

What to do w/ Steatorrhea

Answer 1

Limit fat

Question 2

Lactose is least found in __ and most in ___

Answer 2

1. Least is butter

2. Milk/Ice-cream

Question 3

NAFLD

Answer 3

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- based on diet and lifestyle
- Obese pt and usually diabetes pt
& manage lifestyle and lose weight

Question 4

Mediterranean diet is rich in

Answer 4

Alpha linolenic acid

- omega 3’s

Question 5

What to do w/ constipation

Answer 5

high fiber, high fluid, exercise and limit alcohol

Question 6

What foods cause diarrhea

Answer 6

• High sugar and high fats
• coffee
• Sugar alcohols
• • pt needs to be rehydrated
• • BRAT diet (Banana, Rice, Apples, Toast)
• **slowly introduce low fiber foods

Question 7

Who needs B12 (6)

Answer 7

Patients w/

• low stomach acids (maybe d/t omprezol and tums)
• infections w/ H.Pylori
• Metformin meds
• Smokers and alcoholics
• Gastritis
• Strict Vegans

Question 8

Fiber RDA for M & W

Answer 8

M: 38g
W: 25g
* fiber binds w/ minerals

Question 9

High ALP and LOW ALP

Answer 9

High ALP = liver disease

Low ALP = Diabetes

Question 10

Billroth I

Answer 10

A-Stromy

- Attaches stomach to duodenum (can cause dumping syndrome)

Question 11

Hep A
Hep B
Hep C
*Nutritional needs

Answer 11

Hep A: Fecal
Hep B: sexually transmitted
Hep C: blood to blood
* needs: high protein, small frequent meals, extra coffee

Question 12

Billroth II

Answer 12

attaches stomach to jejunum

can cause dumping syndrome

Question 13

CVD: hypertension

Answer 13

Lower calories in diet so pt can lose weight

• obesity is the cause of hypertension
• DASH diet. Low Na, low fat, and whole grains
• don’t supplement w/ calcium

Question 14

PERT

Answer 14

Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy

Question 15

IBS

Answer 15

• Low FOG Diet

- monitor stress levels & track foods to elevate stress when eating (elimination diet)

Question 16

Ulcers

1. treatment
2. Diet
3. Omit

Answer 16

Eroded mucosal lesion

1. treatment: antacids and antibiotics
2. Diet: avoid late night snacks
3. Omit: cayenne, peppers, excess caffeine and alcohol

Question 17

Cystic Fibrosis

*diet

Answer 17

Organs are failing (hard to breathe)
pts need PERT (used for growth but w/ malabsorption)
** increases CHO, Fat, Pro, and Na

Question 18

MCT vs LCT

Answer 18

MCT (medium TG): coconut oil/palm oil

LCT (Long): Meat, dairy

Question 19

Gluten free foods (6)

Answer 19

Rice, potato, corn, soybean, tapioca, flax

Question 20

Uncontrolled diabetes can cause (3)

Answer 20

Nephropathy (Kidney damage)
Neuropathy (nerve damage)
Retinopaty (eye damage)

Question 21

Ascites vs Esophageal varices (b/c of cirrhosis)

*diet

Answer 21

Ascites - blood cant leave the liver (low sodium if edema)
Esophageal varices- blood can’t enter the liver (low fiber needed)
** needs high protein and kcal

Question 22

Gastritis

*diet

Answer 22

• inflammation of stomach

diet: clear liquids, adv as tolerated

Question 23

ESLD

Answer 23

End Stage Liver disease (25% or less function)

- ammonia is accumulating (may need low protein)

Question 24

Alcoholic Liver disease

*diet supp

Answer 24

Liver is injured and high TG is present

* needs B vitamins & vita C

Question 25

Digestion sections

Answer 25

``` Stomach: water & alcohol Ileum: bile salt and B12 Duodenum: water and fat voluble vitamins Jejunum: Most things Colon: biotin, water ```

Question 26

Celiac disease is a result of interaction w/

Answer 26

Glyodine

Question 27

Gallbladder disease | *diet

Answer 27

bile is directly released to duodenum | * low fat diet

Question 28

Dumping syndrome | *diet

Answer 28

Diarrhea, nauseous, and fatigue d/t rapid gastric emptying | * needs protein and complex CHO and B12

Question 29

Cirrhosis

Answer 29

Needs extra protein

Question 30

Tropical sprue | *diet

Answer 30

Viral parasitic and bacteria infection - causes diarrhea, malnutrition and decrease in B12 and folate * needs high pro, B12, Folate supplement

Question 31

Pancreatitis Acute vs Chronic *diet

Answer 31

Acute: needs to be bowel at rest w/ NPO (eating will hurt pt) Chronic: recurring attacks (add PERTs) ** low fat, whole grains diet

Question 32

Non-tropical sprue | *diet

Answer 32

"celiac disease" Malabsorption to nutrients AVOID gluten

Question 33

Diverticulosis | *diet

Answer 33

Presence of diverticula | - Needs high fiber diet

Question 34

Ulcerative colitis | *diet

Answer 34

Ulcers in colon causing malabsorption - lots of diarrhea (loss of electrolytes and weight) * elemental diet

Question 35

Gastroparesis | *diet

Answer 35

Delayed gastric emptying d/t surgery, diabetes and viral infection s * eat small meals, pureed foods, avoid high fiber and avoid high fat

Question 36

Crohn's disease | *diet

Answer 36

Inflammatory bowel disease - Crohn's affects ileum (reduces b12 and iron) * lower fiber, high protein, no seeds/pulp or put bowel at rest

Question 37

Diverticulitis | *diet

Answer 37

Low residue diet and clear liquid (low fiber) | * gradually go back to high fiber