MOD 1

Question 1

refers to the science dealing w/ the collection, organization, analysis and interpretation of numerical data.

Answer 1

statistics

Question 2

refers to the application of statistical methods to the life sciences like biology, medicine and public health.

Answer 2

biostatistics

Question 3

set of data or a mass of observations, like public health.

Answer 3

Statistics in plural

Question 4

the body of methods or techniques for the organization & analysis of collected information.

Answer 4

Statistics in singular

Question 5

data on vital events as to the number of birth, death & marriages.

Answer 5

vital statistics

Question 6

3 Important Uses of Vital Statistics:

Answer 6

-Legal use
-Source Material
-Health units

Question 7

• school entrance
• employment
• securing driver’s license
• marriage license
• to enter military service

Answer 7

birth registration

Question 8

in claiming life insurance upon the death of the benefactor

Answer 8

death registration

Question 9

1. accidents
2. suicides
3. communicable disease control
4. maternal and infant mortality
5. occupational statistics
6. value of periodic medical exam

Answer 9

6 special uses of vital statistics

Question 10

– logbook where data are written.
- it contains data of birth & death registration for mortality & natality statistics.

Answer 10

source material

Question 11

– refer to the health workers who take part in the administration of gov’t health programs.

Answer 11

Health units

Question 12

• it guides the epidemiologists in the combat of diseases.
• sanitarians see to it that potable H2O supply is given to the public to minimize typhoid fever.
• health workers attain to the needs of the people by giving proper care & treatment.

Answer 12

things that health units do

Question 13

-it keeps information pertains to health.
- covers a wide variety of numeric information including data on morbidity, hospitality and clinic statistics, as well as service statistics.
- the bookkeeping of public health bec. it keeps records on data of clinic, hospital & service facilities.

Answer 13

Health statistics

Question 14

application of health statistics to piblic health data are:

Answer 14

1. nutrition
2. sanitation
3. industrial hygiene
4. dentistry
5. laboratory
6. epidemiology
7. maternal child hygiene

Question 15

what are the 2 branches of statistics?

Answer 15

descriptive and inferential

Question 16

uses different methods of statistics to summarize and present data in narrative form.

Answer 16

descriptive statistics

Question 17

what are the forms of descriptive statistics?

Answer 17

-methods of tabulation
- graphical presentation
- computation of averages
- measures of variability

Question 18

uses generalizations & conclusions about a target population w/c is based on results from a sample.

Answer 18

inferential statistics

Question 19

what is the form of inferential statistics?

Answer 19

experimental method

Question 20

tendency of measurable characteristics to change from one individual or setting w/in the same individual or setting. i.e. person’s blood pressure

Answer 20

phenomena of variation

Question 21

what are the 2 types of variable

Answer 21

constatant and independent/independent variables

Question 22

– values remain the same from time to time.
i.e. – minutes in an hour
- number of days a week

Answer 22

constant

Question 23

measured according to quantity or values and are expressed numerically.
i.e. – birthweight
- hospital bed capacity
- arm circumference
- population size

Answer 23

continuous

Question 24

2 types of dependent/independent variable

Answer 24

discerete and continuous

Question 25

variables w/c can assume only integral values or whole number. i.e. - books

Answer 25

discrete

Question 26

variables w/c can attain values in terms of fraction or decimals. i.e. – birthweight - arm circumference

Answer 26

continuous

Question 27

numbers or symbols used to classify an object, person or characteristics into categories. i.e. – collection of yes, no, undecided responses to a medical survey question

Answer 27

nominal

Question 28

data are arranged in some order but differences between data values cannot be determined. i.e. – size of T-shirt - socio economic status - in 10 urine samples 6 were rated normal, 4  pathological

Answer 28

ordinal

Question 29

characterized by a common and constant unit and measurement. - the distances between any two numbers on the scale are known sizes. i.e. - temp. reading of 15ºC and 35ºC

Answer 29

interval

Question 30

has a true zero point wherein the number zero indicates the absence of the characteristics under considerations. i.e. – height in meters - weight in kilograms

Answer 30

ratio

Question 31

obtained first hand by the investigator from first hand sources. i.e. – thesis & dissertations - interview and questionnaire - letters, diaries and autobiographies - experimentation - journals and newspapers

Answer 31

primary data

Question 32

are finished products taken from raw materials. - data w/c are already existing. i.e. – data obtained from registry of cases of  hospitals - documented materials - book of factual information i.e.

Answer 32

secondary data

Question 33

underpins the methodologies used in epidemiological investigations and research. It deals with both qualitative and quantitative data.

Answer 33

biostatistics

Question 34

the study of diseases in population. The study of how disease spreads and can be controlled. Another  one is a branch of medical science that deals with the incidence distribution, and control  of diseases, the sum of the factors controlling the presence or absence of a disease or pathogen.

Answer 34

epidemiology