Mod 11

Question 1

any sudden shaking of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves through Earth’s rocks

Answer 1

Earthquake

Question 2

The sudden release of energy causes the ________

Answer 2

Seismic Waves

Question 3

frequency, type, and size of the earthquakes experienced over a period of time.

Answer 3

Seismic Activity

Question 4

The outermost layer of the earth is broken into pieces. These pieces called ______are moving away or toward each other

Answer 4

Plates

Question 5

the point on fault where ruptures occur

Answer 5

Focus

Question 6

the point on the earth’s surface that is directly above the focus

Answer 6

Epicenter

Question 7

2 TYPES OF NATURAL EARTHQUAKES

Answer 7

Tectonic
Volcanic

Question 8

earthquakes are produced by sudden movement along faults and plate boundaries.

Answer 8

Tectonic

Question 9

2 WAYS OF DESCRIBING THE STRENGTH OF AN EARTHQUAKE

Answer 9

Magnitude
Intensity

Question 10

proportional to the energy released by an earthquake at the focus

Answer 10

Magnitude

Question 11

Magnitude is calculated by an instrument called _________. Measured by __________

Answer 11

Seismograph
Richter Scale

Question 12

a qualitative measure of the actual shaking at a location during an earthquake.

Answer 12

Intensity

Question 13

The effect of an earthquake may be classified as

Answer 13

Primary
Secondary

Question 14

permanent features an earthquake can bring out.

Answer 14

Primary Effects

Question 15

happen when ground movement results in other types of destruction.

Answer 15

Secondary Effects

Question 16

6 EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS

Answer 16

GROUND SHAKING/GROUND MOTION
GROUND SURFACE RUPTURE
LANDSLIDES
TSUNAMI
LIQUEFACTION
FIRES

Question 17

disruptive up and down and sideways vibration of the ground produced by waves

Answer 17

GROUND SHAKING/GROUND MOTION

Question 18

Classification of faults (3)

Answer 18

Normal
Reverse
Strike Slip

Question 19

fault in which the block above the fault has moved downward relative to the block below.

Answer 19

Normal

Question 20

fault in which the upper block, above the fault plane, moves up and over the lower block.

Answer 20

Reverse

Question 21

fractures where the blocks have mostly moved horizontally. It has RIGHT LATERAL and LEFT LATERAL.

Answer 21

Strike Slip

Question 22

Body Waves (2)

Answer 22

P waves
S Waves

Question 23

also called longitudinal waves or compressional waves due to particle compression.

Answer 23

P waves

Question 24

type of seismic waves where rock particles vibrate at right angles to the direction of wave travel.

Answer 24

S waves

Question 25

Surface waves (2)

Answer 25

Ray leigh Love

Question 26

also known as ground roll, spread through the ground as ripples, similar to rolling waves in the ocean

Answer 26

Ray Leigh

Question 27

a seismic surface wave led tot he horizontal shifting of the earth

Answer 27

Love Waves

Question 28

How Ground Shaking is measured?

Answer 28

Velocity Acceleration Frequency content shaking Duration

Question 29

deformation on the ground that marks in intersection of the fault with the earth’s surface.

Answer 29

GROUND SURFACE RUPTURE

Question 30

CHARACTERISTICS OF GROUND RUPTURE

Answer 30

Length Width

Question 31

it depends on the magnitude of an earthquake.

Answer 31

Length

Question 31

the deformation along the length of the ground rupture also largely depends on the type of faulting

Answer 31

width

Question 32

TYPES OF GROUND RUPTURE

Answer 32

Vertical Displacement Horizontal Movement

Question 32

occurs when one side of the ground goes up or down, or both sides moves with one side going up and the other going down

Answer 32

Vertical Displacement

Question 32

happens when there is lateral movement from side to side, one goes to the left or right, or both moves sideways in different direction

Answer 32

Horizontal Movement

Question 33

can have particularly devastating effects like floods, blocking of rivers, death, and damage to land and natural resources

Answer 33

Landslides

Question 33

7 Causes of Landslide

Answer 33

Removal of support Groundwater pressure Volcanic eruption Intense rainfall Snowmelt Human intervention Earthquake

Question 34

huge sea waves triggered by a violent displacement of the ocean floor.

Answer 34

Tsunami

Question 35

loosely packed, water-saturated soil becoming liquid due to earthquake motions. Soil with decreased density.

Answer 35

Liquefaction

Question 36

caused by broken gas and electrical lines, severed fuel lines, and overturned stoves.

Answer 36

Fires

Question 37

Most commonly used methods of reducing earthquake risks:

Answer 37

Effective recording and interpretation of ground motion. Constructing seismic hazard maps. Developing resistant structures.