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MOD 3 Flashcards

1
Q

If Boiling Point is less than ambient air it is what?

A

Gas

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2
Q

If the material’s boiling point is above the ambient air but below 300 F.. what is it?

A

Liquid with vapors

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3
Q

If the materials Boiling point is above 300F what is it?

A

Liquid

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4
Q

If the melting/freezing point is above ambient temp what is it?

A

Solid

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5
Q

Any substance that boils at atmospheric pressure at any temp less than 80F

A

Gas

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6
Q

DOT defines gases as materials with a boiling point below… what temp?

A

68F

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7
Q

This material, when in a container has an absolute pressure of 40 psi @ 70F

A

Compressed Gas

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8
Q

This gas becomes a liquid in a container at normal temps at a pressure from 25 to 2500 psi

A

Liquefied Compressed Gas

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9
Q

Gases with boiling points below -130F

A

Cryogenic Gas

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10
Q

These have a fixed volume but not a fixed shape

A

Liquids

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11
Q

Boiling point

A

determination of how many volumes of gas or vapor are produced by the evaporation of one volume of liuid

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12
Q

Vapor density

A
  • relative density of a vapor compared to air
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13
Q

Specific Density

A
  • Relative density of a liquid when compared to water
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14
Q

Critical temp and pressure

A
  • Relates to the process of liquefying gases
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15
Q

Critical Temperature

A

min temp required to liquefy a gas, no matter how much pressure is applied

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16
Q

Critical Pressure

A

the pressure that must be applied to bring a gas to a liquid state

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17
Q

Boiling point

A

Temp at which the transition from liquid to a gas state

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18
Q

Melting point

A

temp at which a solid becomes a liquid

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19
Q

SADT

A

Self-Accelerating Decomposition Temp

  • property of every preroxide, range is 0F - 50F
  • if some portion of the material reaches this temp, decomp will begin and no way to stop it.
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20
Q

LC 50

A

Concentration Fifty Percent
- concentration of a material in air, that is expected to kill 50% of animal test group when administered in a specific time period

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21
Q

When a substance passes directly from a solid to a vapor state

A

Sublimation

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22
Q

The ability of a substance to form a solution with water t

A

Solubility

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23
Q

A chemical reaction that combines metal elements with non metal elements producing a compound called Salt

A

Ionic Bonding

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24
Q

A chemical reaction that combines two non-metals together. These products are held together by the sharing of electrons between the parts.

A

Covalent Bonding

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25
Minimum temp to which a material must be raised to allow for combustion in the presence of an ignition source
Flash Point
26
This temperature is usually 1-3F above the flash point. This must be sustained for continuous combustion to occur
Fire point
27
the % of vapor in the air, in which ignition will occur
Flammable Range
28
Flammable Range is described in terms of _________ and __________
LEL | UEL
29
Minimum temp which a material must be heated in order to initiate self-sustained combustion
Ignition Temp.
30
Words that end in "- ene"
Alkenes are made of carbons that attach to each other with double covalent bonds. - Very reactive
31
Words that end in "-yne"
Alkynes are made up of carbons that attach to each other with triple covalent bonds. -Highly unstable
32
4 types of Routes of exposure
- Inhalation - ingestion - Absorption - Injection
33
3 Types of Contact Hazards
- Chemical Burns - Thermal burns - Frostbite
34
TLV - what does this stand for
Threshold Limit Value
35
TLV deffinition
airborne concentrations of materials to which nearly all workers can be exposed day after day without adverse effects.
36
TLV / TWA- what does this stand for
Threshold Limit Value / Time Weighted Average
37
TLV /TWA deffinition
max concentration, averaged over 8 hrs, to which a healthy adult can be exposed to for 8 hrs/day, 40 hrs / week.
38
TLV / STEL- what does this stand for
Threshold Limit Value / Short Term Exposure Limit
39
TLV / STEL definition
max average concentration, averaged over a 15 min period, for healthy adults, that can be exposed for up to 15 min continuously and no more than 4 x / day.
40
TLV / C - what does this stand for
Threshold Limit Value / Ceiling
41
TLV / C Definition
max concentration to which a healthy adult can be exposed without risk of injury.
42
LD 50 - what does this stand for
Lethal dose fifty percent
43
LD 50 deffinition
a single dose that will cause the death of 50% of a group of tested animals exposed to it by any route other than inhalation.
44
PEL - what does this stand for
Permissible Exposure Limit
45
PEL Definition
Max amount or airborne concentration of a substance to which a worker may be legally exposed to. - PEL's are set by OSHA
46
BLEVE - what does this stand for
``` Boil Liquid Expansion Vapors Explosion ```
47
BLEVE definition
container failure with a release of energy, often rapid and violent. Also accompanied by a release of gas to the atmosphere and propulsion of the container.
48
Polymerization
a chemical reaction in which small molecules combine to form larger molecules
49
Catalyst
used to speed up chemical reaction
50
inhibitor
chemical that is used to prevent chemical reaction
51
Isotopes
atoms of an element all have the same number of protons
52
5 Sorbent materials
- Cellulose bonded - Dirt and Earth - Expanded polymer - mineral and clay based - Sand
53
2 Methods for controlling air release
- Vapor Dispersion | - Vapor Supression
54
7 Methods for Liquid Release
- Dispersants - Dilution - Neutralization - Solidification - Gelatin - Absorbents - Adsorbents
55
Classes of Hazardous Materials
``` 1 Explosives 2 Gases 3 Flammable Liquids 4 Flammable Solids 5 Oxidizers / Organic Peroxides 6 Poisons / Infections materials 7 Radiological 8 Corrosives 9 Misc. ```
56
Pure Substances
homogeneous materials having a constant, fixed chemical composition with no impurities
57
Element
Simplest form of any substance cannot be decomposed into smaller units and remain that element
58
Compounds
substance composed of 2 or more elements in a chemical combination that has a fixed chemical composition.
59
Mixtures
materials that are made of 2 or more substances in varying proportions that are not chemically combined
60
Solution
a uniformed dispersion of one or more substances (Solute) in one or more other substances (solvent)
61
Slurry
a pourable mix of a solid and liquid

Hazmat Tech (8 decks)

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