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Hazmat Tech > Module 5 > Flashcards

Module 5 Flashcards

1
Q

The discovering the presence of a contaminant or its associated hazard in an area or environment

A

Detection

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2
Q

The measurement of the amount of a contaminant or its associated hazard at a given time and location

A

Monitoring

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3
Q

The act of taking a small part of a material for testing and analysis

A

Sampling

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4
Q

What is the O2 level in the hot zone

A

< 19.5% or > 23%

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5
Q

What is the LEL % in the hot zone

A

Greater than or equal to 25% LEL

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6
Q

What is the Ionizing Radiation level of the Hot Zone

A

> 2 mR/h

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7
Q

What is the O2 level in the cold zone

A

~ 21%

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8
Q

When entering and area where the hazard is not identified always monitor for these hazards in Atmospheric Monitoring

A

Radiation
Flammable Vapors
Oxygen Concentration
Toxic Gases (PPM or PPB)

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9
Q

7 Types of Hazards

A
  • High Energy Release
  • Flammability
  • O2 deficiency
  • O2 Enriched
  • Toxic
  • Corrosive
  • Biological Potential
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10
Q

What is the issue with High Energy Release

A

Unexpected release of chemical energy or ionizing radiation

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11
Q

What is the issue with Flammability

A

The production of atmosphere where vapors can ignite and burn

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12
Q

What is the issue with O2 deficiency

A

Atmosphere lacks sufficient O2 to support life

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13
Q

What is the issue with O2 enriched

A

Atmosphere provides too much O2 and increases risk of fire or toxicity

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14
Q

What is the issue with Corrosives

A

Damaging or destructive effects to living tissues (skin, lungs, eyes) or certain metals

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15
Q

What is the issue with Biological Potential

A

Microorganisms and/or their by-products that can cause illness or death

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16
Q

Emergency Action levels of Ionizing Radiation

A

Greater or equal to 2mR/hr - Consult a specialist

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17
Q

Emergency Action levels of Flammability

A

Greater than or equal to 25% of LEL

  • Explosive/Extreme Fire hazard
  • Leave area immediately and Ventilate
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18
Q

Emergency Action levels of O2 Enriched

A

Greater than or equal to 23.5% volume in air

  • Increased fire hazard
  • Secure oxidizer and ventilate
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19
Q

Emergency Action levels of O2 Deficient

A

Less than or equal to 19.5% volume in air

- SCBA Required

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20
Q

RAD

A

Radiation Absorbed Dose

- The basic unit of absorbed dose of ionizing radiation

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21
Q

Geiger -Mueller Tube

A

Gas filled detector

Can detect Alpha, Beta, Gamma

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22
Q

Scintillation Detector

A

Uses crystals that when hit by radiation produces a pulse of light

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23
Q

What are the 2 Principles of Detection

A

Geiger - Mueller Tube

Scintillation Detector

24
Q

Radiation Survey Monitors (2)

A

Ludlum Model 2240 (Alpha Beta Gamma)

Ludlum 2241-3 (Alpha Beta Gamma)

25
Dosimeters
Measure total exposure to individuals over a given period of time
26
OSLD
Optically-Stimulated Luminescent Dosimeter
27
What does the Optically-Stimulated Luminescent Dosimeter do?
Provides a permanent record of total dose accumulated (badges radiology techs wear)
28
CGI, what does this stand for?
Combustible Gas Indicators
29
How is CGI used?
- used to determine the presence of flammable vapors and hydrocarbon products. - They measure the flammable vapors as a % of the LEL
30
If the Flammable Environment Action Level is less than ___ % LEL. What should you do?
10%, Continue with caution
31
If the Flammable Environment Action Level ___ % - _____% LEL. What should you do?
10% - 25%, Continue working with caution and continuous monitoring
32
If the Flammable Environment Action Level is greater than ___ % LEL. What should your do?
25%, Withdraw from area
33
Correction Factors for CGI equation
Meter Reading x Correction Factor = ## % LEL 0.00 x Meter reading = % volume in air % volume in air x 10000 = ## ppm
34
For every 1% drop in O2, there is.....
approx 50000 ppm of something else present
35
What is O2 and LEL measured in?
%
36
What are toxic sensors measured in?
ppm
37
What are the action levels for O2
Less than 19.5% O2 deficient atmosphere - OSHA Requires the use of SCBA or SAR Greater than 23.5% (VOSH) / 25% (OSHA) O2 enriched atmosphere - Extreme fire and/or explosion hazard
38
What are some limiting factors of O2 sensors
- altitude - limited 1-2 year shelf life - low temps may freeze the electrolyte solution in sensor - Oxidizers will give a high reading - High CO limit sensor - may be affected by changes in temp, humidity, and atmospheric pressure - May be affected by high concentrations of CO or CO2
39
Toxic Gas Sensors
used to detect and measure the presence of gases such as Hydrogen Sulfide, and CO, Chlorine and a broad range of other chemicals
40
What do photoionization detectors monitor?
- detect either qualitative or quantitative presence of organic and inorganic compounds - measures the concentration of gases present in a sample using photoionization
41
What does PID stand for?
PhotoIonization Detector
42
What is the ionization potential (IP)?
of a molecule that the energy in electron volts (eV) required to free an electron from the molecule.
43
What is the eV of the bulb used in the PID's?
10.6
44
Limitations of the PID
UV light is affected by radio waves Dust or dirt on lamp windows affects readings Condensation on lamp windows affects readings
45
If the IP is lower than the eV bulb at 10.6 what will happen
The chemical will be seen
46
If the IP is higher than the eV bulb aat 10.6 what will happen
The chemical will NOT be seen and a higher bulb may be needed or a flame ionization detector
47
Flame Ionization Detector
- Used to detect volatile hydrocarbons and many carbon containing compounds. - This can ionize any organic material with an IP of 15.4 or less
48
Colormetric Tubes
- allow an evaluation of potential hazards quickly, operate by drawing an air sample through a tube. - Used for the detection of specific vapors and also for aiding in the identification of unknowns.
49
Qualitative
The positive or negative of product
50
Quantitative
Measurable to determine the amounts and proportions.
51
Colormetric tube limitations:
1-3 year shelf life moisture and temp can affect readings difficulty with interpreting different brands of colormetrics do not work with other pumps.
52
On pH scale, if the finding is below a 7 what is it
Acid
53
On the pH scale, if the finding is above a 7 what is it
Base
54
What are PCB tests?
changes color in presence of PCB (found in old electrical transformers)
55
What does a positive on a Protein Test Kit mean?
possibility of a biological agent

Hazmat Tech (8 decks)

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