MOD 7 Flashcards
(38 cards)
What viral factor is associated with Long COVID?
Viral persistence
What antiviral targets are proposed for Long COVID?
EBV/Herpes viruses
What are four additional therapies under investigation for Long COVID?
Microbiota replacement, autoimmune therapies, anti-clotting therapies, antivirals
What feature allows IAV to rapidly evolve?
Antigenic shift and drift
Why is RSV capable of persistent infection?
It suppresses and evades protective immunity
Why does SARS-CoV-2 evolve rapidly?
To escape immunity and antivirals
What is a common source of respiratory viruses like IAV, RSV, and SARS-CoV-2?
Animal reservoirs
What characterizes severe disease from respiratory viruses?
Lower respiratory tract infection and overactive immune response
What kind of vaccine is ideal for these viruses?
Broad-spectrum, long-lasting, and safe
What is the difference between mechanical and propagative insect vectors?
Mechanical vectors transmit without replication; propagative vectors replicate in host
Do insect viruses have alternate hosts?
No, they typically do not
What is the role of occlusion bodies in insect viruses?
Protect and distribute the virus, and release it in the insect midgut
What are three viruses that form occlusion bodies?
Cypovirus, Entomopoxvirus, Baculovirus
What type of genome does Baculovirus have?
dsDNA, circular
What is the shape of the Baculovirus capsid?
Rod-shaped
What structural gene is highly expressed late in infection?
Polyhedrin
What is a key host manipulation effect of Baculovirus?
Induces hyperactivity and tree-top disease
What is genome complementation in Baculovirus?
Co-infection with genotypes needed for oral infectivity
What is the effect of co-occlusion on population fitness?
Allows defective genotypes to contribute and increases population fitness
What happens in artificial Baculovirus populations?
They evolve to a single equilibrium
Why does Baculovirus envelope multiple genomes?
To maintain high genetic diversity as an evolutionary adaptation
Do insects have a classical adaptive immune response?
No
What type of immune response do insects use?
Generic innate immune response
Do insects produce interferons?
No
