Module 01 Flashcards
A group of computers and other devices (such as printers) that are connected by and can exchange data via wired or wireless transmission media.
Network
How the parts of a whole work together.
Topology
The physical layout of the media, nodes, and devices on a network. A physical topology does not specify device types, connectivity methods, or addressing schemes. A network’s physical topology may differ from its logical topology.
Physical topolgy
A characteristic of network transmission that reflects the way in which data is transmitted between nodes, including how access to the network is controlled and how specific resources are shared on the network. A network’s logical topology may differ from its physical topology.
Logical topology
The software that runs on a server and enables the server to manage data, users, groups, security, applications, and other networking functions. Popular examples of network operating systems are Windows Server, Ubuntu Server, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
NOS (network operating system)
An operating system designed to run on a server and provide network services to networked clients.
Server operating system
A network in which every computer can communicate directly with every other computer. By default, no computer on a P2P network has more authority than another.
P2P (peer-to-peer) network model
The property of a network that allows the addition of nodes or increasing its size easily.
Scalable
Any computer or application that provides a service, such as data or other resources, to other devices.
Server
A network where resources are managed by the NOS (network operating system) via a centralized directory database.
Client-server network model
In the context of Windows Server, a group of users, servers, and other resources that share account and security policies.
Domain
The centralized directory database that contains user account information and security for the entire group of computers on a network.
AD (Active Directory)
The Active Directory service that manages the process allowing a user to sign on to a network from any computer on the network and get access to the resources that Active Directory manages.
AD DS (Active Directory Domain Services)
A computer or application that makes a request from another computer or application.
Client
A resource the network makes available to its users, including applications and the data provided by these applications.
Network services
Data or a service requested by one computer from another.
Client-server applications
A standard method or format for communication between network devices.
Protocols
A suite of networking protocols that includes TCP, IP, UDP, and many others. TCP/IP provides the foundation for data exchange across the Internet.
TCP/IP suite
An application layer protocol that formulates and interprets requests between web clients and servers.
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
A method of encrypting TCP/IP transmissions—including web pages and data entered into web forms—en route between the client and server using public key encryption technology.
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer)
An update to SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) standardized by the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). TLS uses slightly different encryption algorithms than SSL and is more secure, but otherwise is very similar to the most recent version of SSL.
TLS (Transport Layer Security)
An extension to HTTP that requires data be exchanged between client and server using SSL or TLS encryption.
HTTPS (HTTP Secure)
Software whose code is publicly available for use and modification.
Open source
An application layer protocol responsible for moving messages from one email server to another.
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)