Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

NUTR 120 > Module 04 > Flashcards

Module 04 Flashcards

1
Q

What happens if we have too little of a nutrient?

A

Nutrient deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What happens if we have too much of a nutrient?

A

Nutrient toxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the fat soluble vitamins?

A

A, D, E, and K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the water soluble vitamins?

A

B1 (thiamin), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), pantothenic acid, B6 (Pyridoxine), folate, B12 (cobalamin), biotin, and vitamin C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which coenzymes is thiamine part of?

A

Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) and thiamine diphosphate (TDP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What important reaction is thiamine involved in?

A

Conversion of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA using pyruvate dehydrogenase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the RDA for thiamine?

A

1.1mg/day for women and 1.2mg/day for men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are some food sources of thiamine?

A

Meat and grain products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are all Canadian white flours fortified with?

A

Thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, folate, and iron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are symptoms of thiamin deficiency?

A

Muscle weakness, neurological impacts, and psychological effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which coenzymes is riboflavin a part of?

A

Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the RDA value of riboflavin?

A

1.1mg/day for women and 1.3mg/day for men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are good food sources of riboflavin?

A

Milk, grains, and meat products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What coenzymes does niacin work with?

A

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the RDA values for niacin?

A

14mg/day for women and 16mg/day for men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What food sources is niacin found in?

A

Grains and protein rich foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What syndrome is associated with niacin deficiency?

A

Pellagra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the symptoms of pellagra?

A

Weakness, dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What coenzyme is vitamin B6 part of?

A

Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the RDA value of vitamin B6?

A

1.3mg/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a good food source of B6?

A

Meat and protein rich foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What can be caused by vitamin B6 deficiency?

A

Microcytic hypochromic anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does vitamin B12 do?

A

Works as a coenzyme in reactions that transfer methyl groups from one biomolecule to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is required for vitamin B12 to be absorbed?

A

Intrinsic factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What are good food sources of vitamin B12?
Animal products
26
What is the RDA for B12?
2.4microg/day
27
Where can vegans get vitamin B12 from?
B12 enriched soy products, B12 supplements, and nutritional yeast
28
What can occur with vitamin B12 deficiency?
Break down of myelin and megaloblastic anemia
29
What is the RDA value for folate?
400microg/day
30
Where is folic acid found?
Oranges, leafy greens, legumes, and grains
31
How are B12 and folate connected?
Methyl folate is inactive and activated by B12 removing the methyl group
32
What is the concern with women in child-bearing years not getting enough folate?
Spina bifida and failure for neural tube in the spine to close completely
33
What is the function of ascorbic acid?
It acts as a reducing agent and anti-oxidant
34
What is the RDA value for vitamin C?
75mg/day for women and 90mg/day for men
35
What are good food sources of vitamin C?
Citrus fruits, bell peppers, and other fruits
36
What is vitamin C involved in?
Building strong collagen, reducing the formation of carcinogens, synthesis of steroid hormones, drug metabolism, and absorption of minerals
37
What is caused by vitamin C deficiency?
Scurvy
38
What requires the human body to need more vitamin C?
Stress, oral contraceptives, and smoking
39
What are carotenoids?
Plant based pre-vitamin A
40
What are retinoids?
Animal based vitamin A
41
What is the RDA for vitamin A?
700microg/day for women and 900microg/day for men
42
What is the conversion for 1microg REA to international units?
3.33 IU
43
What foods are good sources?
Orange and green vegetables
44
Where is retinol stored?
In the liver as retinyl esters
45
Where is beta carotene stored?
Adipose tissue
46
How is vitamin A transported?
Retinol binding protein
47
What is rhodopsin made of?
Cis-retinal and opsin
48
What is xerophthalmia?
A condition caused by vitamin A deficiency which impacts corneal epithelium
49
What is vitamin A necessary for?
Vision, growth, and reproduction
50
Who is at highest risk of vitamin A toxicity?
Infants, people overusing multivitamins, and long term users of Accutane who are pregnant
51
What are symptoms of vitamin A toxicity?
Reddening of the skin, hair loss, hypertrophic liver, and pain in the long bones
52
What are good food sources of vitamin D?
Eggs, salmon, and milk
53
What modification is made to vitamin D in the liver?
An -OH group is added to form 25-hydroxyD3
54
What modification is made to 25-hydroxyD3 in the kidney?
An -OH group is added to form 1,25-dihydroxyD3
55
What is the RDA value for vitamin D?
15microg/day
56
What are the functions of vitamin D?
Maintain blood calcium levels by stimulating absorption, draw calcium from bones, and reducing loss of calcium
57
What is vitamin D deficiency called?
Rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults
58
What puts people at risk of vitamin D deficiency?
Dietary lack, lack of exposure to the sun, darker skin colour, malabsorption of fats, older adults with reduced organ function, infants who are breastfed, children aged 1-3, adolescents, and people with elevated BMI
59
What is the UL of vitamin D?
100microg/day
60
What is the RDA of vitamin E?
15mg/day
61
What are good food sources of vitamin E?
Oils, nuts, and seeds
62
What is the function of vitamin E?
Acts as an antioxidant to neutralize free radicals
63
What does deficiency of vitamin E cause?
Damage to cell membranes from free radicals
64
What is the UL for vitamin E?
1000mg/day
65
What are good sources of vitamin K1?
Green leafy vegetables and plant oils
66
What are good sources of vitamin K2?
Eggs, meat, and cheese
67
What is the AI value for vitamin K?
90microg/day for women and 120microg/day for men
68
What are the functions of vitamin K?
Blood clotting, bone metabolism, kidney function, and calcium absorption from the GI tract

NUTR 120 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions