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Module 07: Nuclear Structure and Function Flashcards

(16 cards)

0
Q

What is transcription?

A

Synthesis of RNA from a DNA template

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1
Q

What surrounds the nucleus?

A

A double membrane (two lipid bilayers)

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2
Q

Where is most of the mRNA transcribed in eukaryotes?

A

The nucleus

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3
Q

Where is mRNA translation initiated?

A

In the cytosol

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4
Q

Where would you find the proteins that replicate DNA during the S-phase of the cell cycle?

A

In the nucleus

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5
Q

Where are the proteins that replicate DNA synthesized?

A

In the cytosol

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6
Q

Where is most rRNA of a eukaryote transcribed?

A

In the nucleus

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7
Q

Where is rRNA functional?

A

In the cytosol

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8
Q

What does the word “zipcode” refer to?

A

It is a sequence of amino acids that specifies where proteins are delivered in a cell

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9
Q

What do the dark shapes on a transmission electron micrograph represent?

A

Area of polar molecules

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10
Q

What are lipid anchors?

A

They covalently attach to proteins and localize that protein to a membrane

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11
Q

Why do lipid anchors associate with membranes?

A

The hydrocarbon chain of the lipid is non-polar and therefore associates with the non-polar interior of the membrane

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12
Q

What is immunofluoresence microscopy?

A

It uses specific antibodies to recognize specific macromolecules so their sub-cellular distribution can be visualized

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13
Q

What is freeze-fracture microscopy?

A

It uses a sharp knife to fracture a frozen sample through the middle of a lipid bilayer

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14
Q

What do the holes and bumps in a freeze-fracture image represent?

A

Position of proteins

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15
Q

What does DAPI stain?

A

Nucleus (DNA)